Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Preface to the first edition of this book explained the reasons for the publication of a comprehensive text on the rumen and rumen microbes in 1988. The microbes of the ruminant's forestomach and those in related organs in other animals and birds provide the means by which herbivorous animals can digest and obtain nutriment from vegetation. In turn, humans have relied, and still do rely, on herbivores for much of their food, clothing and motive power. Herbivores also form the food of carnivorous animals and birds in the wild. The importance of the rumen microorganisms is thus apparent. But, while a knowledge of rumen organisms is not strictly neces sary for the normal, practical feeding of farm animals, in recent years there has been much more emphasis on increasing the productivity of domesti cated animals and in rearing farm animals on unusual feedstuffs. Here, a knowledge of the reactions of the rumen flora, and the limits to these reactions, can be invaluable. In addition, anaerobic rumen-type microor ganisms are found in the intestines of omnivores, including humans, and can be implicated in diseases of humans and animals. They are also found in soils and natural waters, where they playa part in causing pollution and also in reducing it, while the same organisms confined in artificial systems are essential for the purification of sewage and other polluting and toxic wastes.
Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-05-31 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about anaerobic microbes that inhabit the gut of ruminants. Similar microbes are found in many other ecosystems, including other animals and man and engineered systems such as waste digesters and landfill. This book is therefore a comprehensive reference work concerned with microbes which are of fundamental importance. They are the focal points for future developments in agriculture, industrial fermenatations, the monitoring and control of environmental pollution and the health and well-being of man.
Download or read book Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-12-31 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ruminant and the rumen; the rumen bacteria; the rumen protozoa; the rumen anaerobic fungi; development of, and natural fluctuations in, rumen, microbial populations; energy yielding and consuming reactions; metabolism of nitrogen- containing compounds; polysaccharide degradation by rumen microorganisms;lipid metabolism of rumen, the genetics of rumen bacteria; microbe-microbe intercations; compartmentation in the rumen; manipulation of rumen fermentation; digestive disorders and nutritional toxicity;
Download or read book Rumen Microbiology From Evolution to Revolution written by Anil Kumar Puniya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-11 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an in-depth description of different groups of microbes (i.e. bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses) that exist in the rumen microbial community, and offers an overview of rumen microbiology, the rumen microbial ecosystem of domesticated ruminants, and rumen microbial diversity. It provides the latest concepts on rumen microbiology for scholars, researchers and teachers of animal and veterinary sciences. With this goal in mind, throughout the text we focus on specific areas related to the biology and complex interactions of the microbes in rumen, integrating significant key issues in each respective area. We also discuss rumen manipulation with plant secondary metabolites, microbial feed additives, utilization of organic acids, selective inhibition of harmful rumen microbes, and ‘omics’ approaches to manipulating rumen microbial functions. A section on the exploration and exploitation of rumen microbes addresses topics including the current state of knowledge on rumen metagenomics, rumen: an underutilized niche for industrially important enzymes and ruminal fermentations to produce fuels. We next turn our attention to commercial applications of rumen microbial enzymes and to the molecular characterization of euryarcheal communities within an anaerobic digester. A section on intestinal disorders and rumen microbes covers acidosis in cattle, urea/ ammonia metabolism in the rumen and nitrate/ nitrite toxicity in ruminant diets. Last, the future prospects of rumen microbiology are examined, based on the latest developments in this area. In summary, the book offers a highly systematic collection of essential content on rumen microbiology.
Download or read book The Rumen and Its Microbes written by Robert E. Hungate and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rumen and Its Microbes is a contribution to the ecology of this important microbial habitat. Relatively few microbial habitats have been subjected to a thorough quantitative ecological analysis. The rumen fermentation is peculiarly suitable because of its relatively constant and continuous nature and because of the very rapid rates of conversion of organic matter. Although analysis of the ruminant-microbe symbiosis is still far from complete, knowledge is sufficient for formulation of principles and for identification and measurement of important parameters. The first eight chapters of the book include a description of the rumen and its microbes, their activities, and the extent of these activities. This basic biology provides a framework in which applications to agriculture can be evaluated. These applications are discussed in the last four chapters: host metabolism, variation in the rumen, possible practical applications, and abnormalities in rumen function.
Download or read book Engineering Rumen Metabolic Pathways Where We Are and Where Are We Heading written by Emilio M. Ungerfeld and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ruminants were domesticated in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago and have since become an inseparable part of human diet, society, and culture. Ruminants can transform inedible plant fiber and non-protein nitrogen into meat, milk, wool and traction, thus allowing human utilization of non-tillable land and industrial by-products. The nutritional flexibility of ruminants is conferred by the rumen´s complex microbial community. Driven by rising income and population growth in emergent economies, the global demand for livestock products, including milk and meat from ruminants, has been increasingly growing, and is predicted to continue growing in the next few decades. The increase in production necessary to satisfy this rising demand is putting much pressure on already dwindling natural resources. There are also concerns about the emissions of methane and nitrous oxide, potent greenhouse gases associated to ruminant production. The need to make ruminant production more efficient in the use of natural resources poses a big challenge to ruminant science, and within it, rumen microbiology. Recent years have seen important advances in basic and applied rumen microbiology and biochemistry. The knowledge generated has significant implications for the efficiency and sustainability of ruminant production and the quality of ruminant products for human health. The present compilation is an update of recent advances in rumen microbiology and ruminant digestion and fermentation, including original research, reviews, and hypothesis and theory articles. We hope that the experimental results, discussion, models and ideas presented herein are useful to foster future research contributing to sustainable ruminant production.
Download or read book Evolution of the rumen microbial ecosystem written by A. Chesson and published by . This book was released on 1997* with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Digestive Physiology and Metabolism in Ruminants written by Y. Ruckebusch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two questions could not be avoided in the avant-propos of this book; (i) what is the importance to man of ruminant livestock, and (ii) what results of practical relevance in the growing mountain of scientific verbiage could be found in the Proceedings of this Symposium. Herbivores are an integral and critical part of the natural ecosystem which must be preserved because of their impact on human welfare. Wh at makes ruminants especially important to man is that they can thrive on fibrous forage and are thus the only viable enterprise over much of the earth's surface where crop growing is impracti cable. They contribute a wide array of products in addition to 50000 000 tonnes ofmeat (1977) and represent a 'capital reserve' that can be drawn upon in times of emergency: milk for example (450000000 tonnes) can make the difference between subsistence and starvation. About 60% of the world's meat and 80 % of the milk are produced by one third of the world ruminant population in the developed regions and as much as 99 % of the power for agriculture is provided by the ruminant population in developing countries. For the next two decades, a probable increase by 30 % for . cattle and buffalo and more than 40 % for sheep and goats is expected by improving health, fertility, nutrition and genetic potential rather than feed resources.
Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. HOBSON (ed) and published by . This book was released on with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gut Microbiome Modulation in Ruminants Enhancing Advantages and Minimizing Drawbacks written by Alejandro Belanche and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem During the Transition Period in Dairy Cows written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods in Gut Microbial Ecology for Ruminants written by Harinder P.S. Makkar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-23 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asaresultofvarioushumanactivities,suchasincreaseinhumanpopulation,decrease in arable land due to soil degradation, urbanization, industrialization and associated increase in the demand for livestock products, dramatic changes are occurring in the global ruminant livestock sector. These changes includeshift inthesize of regional livestock populations and in the types of management and feeding systems under which ruminant livestock are held, and increased demand of a wider range of quality attributes from animal agriculture, not just of the products themselves but also of the methods used in their production. The livestock sector will need to respond to newchallengesofincreasinglivestockproductivitywhileprotectingenvironmentand human health and conservingbiodiversity and natural resources. The micro-organisms in the digestive tracts of ruminant livestock have a profound in?uence on the conversion offeedinto end products, which can impact on the- imal and theenvironment. As the livestock sector grows particularly in developing countries, there will be an increasing need to understand these processes for b- ter management and use ofbothfeed and other natural resources that underpinthe development of sustainable feeding systems.
Download or read book Diversity and Benefits of Microorganisms from the Tropics written by João Lucio de Azevedo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-10 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the diversity of tropical microorganisms and its applications in agriculture, renewable energy production and environmental protection. It covers several tropical habitats such as rain forests, mangroves, sea and river waters and describes how microorganisms isolated from these regions can be used to control insects and plant diseases, to improve sugar cane and biofuels production among other applications. The book also aims to bring researchers’ attention to the potential of tropical microorganisms for biotechnological purposes, an area that is still far from being well explored.
Download or read book The Prokaryotes written by Edward F. DeLong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Prokaryotes is a comprehensive, multi-authored, peer reviewed reference work on Bacteria and Achaea. This fourth edition of The Prokaryotes is organized to cover all taxonomic diversity, using the family level to delineate chapters. Different from other resources, this new Springer product includes not only taxonomy, but also prokaryotic biology and technology of taxa in a broad context. Technological aspects highlight the usefulness of prokaryotes in processes and products, including biocontrol agents and as genetics tools. The content of the expanded fourth edition is divided into two parts: Part 1 contains review chapters dealing with the most important general concepts in molecular, applied and general prokaryote biology; Part 2 describes the known properties of specific taxonomic groups. Two completely new sections have been added to Part 1: bacterial communities and human bacteriology. The bacterial communities section reflects the growing realization that studies on pure cultures of bacteria have led to an incomplete picture of the microbial world for two fundamental reasons: the vast majority of bacteria in soil, water and associated with biological tissues are currently not culturable, and that an understanding of microbial ecology requires knowledge on how different bacterial species interact with each other in their natural environment. The new section on human microbiology deals with bacteria associated with healthy humans and bacterial pathogenesis. Each of the major human diseases caused by bacteria is reviewed, from identifying the pathogens by classical clinical and non-culturing techniques to the biochemical mechanisms of the disease process. The 4th edition of The Prokaryotes is the most complete resource on the biology of prokaryotes. The following volumes are published consecutively within the 4th Edition: Prokaryotic Biology and Symbiotic Associations Prokaryotic Communities and Ecophysiology Prokaryotic Physiology and Biochemistry Applied Bacteriology and Biotechnology Human Microbiology Actinobacteria Firmicutes Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria Other Major Lineages of Bacteria and the Archaea
Download or read book Diversity Dynamics and Drivers of the Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by Christopher L. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ruminant production systems exist at the nexus of vital issues confronting society, including emerging antibiotic resistance, global warming, and feeding a growing population. The rumen is host to a complex microbial community that drives degradation and fermentation processes that yield metabolic energy for the host. The rumen microbiome is estimated to provide ~70% of a ruminant's caloric needs. Rumen microbes are therefore vital to ruminant health and productivity, and in turn, are central to the sustainability of ruminant agriculture. However, our knowledge of the dynamics, ecological drivers, and genomic diversity of the rumen microbiome is limited. Through multiple investigations, we attempt to increase our fundamental understanding of rumen microbial ecology. As a result, we demonstrate: (a) rumen bacterial communities can be acclimated to high concentrate diets faster than traditional adaptation programs, (b) total digestible nutrients is the primary ecological driver of rumen bacterial and viral populations, (c) viral-encoded auxiliary metabolism genes modulate rumen carbon metabolism, and (d) the reconstruction of 2,150 microbial genomes improves the genomic representation for rumen microbial taxa. Further, mining recovered metagenome-assembled genomes suggests rumen microbes encode diverse biosynthetic gene clusters and are a rich source of natural products for manipulating rumen fermentation. We anticipate improved genomic characterization of rumen microbes integrated with foundational knowledge on the dynamics and drivers of the ecosystem can lead to the development of more mechanistic understandings of the rumen microbiome.
Download or read book Microbial Evolution and Co Adaptation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-05-10 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Joshua Lederberg - scientist, Nobel laureate, visionary thinker, and friend of the Forum on Microbial Threats - died on February 2, 2008. It was in his honor that the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop on May 20-21, 2008, to examine Dr. Lederberg's scientific and policy contributions to the marketplace of ideas in the life sciences, medicine, and public policy. The resulting workshop summary, Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation, demonstrates the extent to which conceptual and technological developments have, within a few short years, advanced our collective understanding of the microbiome, microbial genetics, microbial communities, and microbe-host-environment interactions.
Download or read book Rumen Ecology Research Planning written by International Livestock Research Institute and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
