Download or read book Romania s NATO Membership written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Romania represents a reliable NATO member and an emergent democracy among the Eastern European countries. In 2004, Romania became a NATO member and will be integrated in the European Union in 2007. However, these achievements required Romania to go through challenging reforms and to implement Western standards. NATO membership represented the first challenge after the fall of communism in the early 1990s. The process for NATO developed along three main dimensions: NATO's evolution after the Cold War, Romania's historical position toward Western integration, and Romania's military reform after the Warsaw Pact dissolved. After 1990, NATO's own evolution represented the main process that influenced decisively Romania's development. NATO had to confront two policy issues: the relevance of the Alliance after the fall of the Soviet Union, and the rationale for including former Eastern European countries. NATO's approach was to encourage former Warsaw Pact countries to cooperate within NATO's security forum to maintain stability in Eastern Europe. Moreover, the Eastern European countries could develop policies and plans for NATO membership. At the same time, the possible NATO enlargement could redefine NATO's role and preserve its relevancy. Romania's communist domination for almost 5 decades after World War II limited its opportunities for becoming a democratic country. Nicolae Ceausescu's dictatorship produced negative political, social, and economic effects and influenced the West's perception of Romania. However, Romania started to review its servitude to the Soviet regime in the mid 1960s. The West responded positively, but remained skeptical after Ceausescu's failure to improve social and economic conditions. After the 1989 Revolution, Romania struggled to create the conditions for NATO and EU membership. Political consensus and proper resource allocation remained the constant issues for the post-1989 Rumanian governments.
Download or read book Romania and NATO written by Jeffrey Simon and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Required Restructuring Process for the Romanian Armed Forces written by Alexandru Cotoara-Nicolae and published by . This book was released on 2001-06-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of the political relations in Europe at the dawn of the 21st Century resulted in deep changes in the concept of security and collective defense. In the context of NATO enlargement, Romania, like other Central and Eastern European countries, reconsidered its political and strategic position in this new environment, started profound reforms in its security institutions and continues to consolidate the democratic statecraft. This thesis examines the Steps Romania, as an aspiring country, has to complete for the admission into the Alliance. The analysis mainly focuses on the process of defense resource allocation and reorganization of the Armed Forces as requirements imposed by NATO through the concept of the Membership Action Plan. A detailed description of the defense resource allocation process is presented and analyzed against relevant theory on policy analysis and contemporary budgeting systems, in particular PPBS. The analysis concludes that through the implementation of the new defense resource management system and reorganization of the Armed Forces, Romania can meet its defense needs and become an important military contributor to NATO.
Download or read book State Bar of California Certified Lawyer Referral Services written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Romania as a NATO Member written by Catalin I. Ticulescu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NATO Enlargement Is Romania Ready to Join the Alliance written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Romania's efforts to overcome the legacy of its communist past have been more painful and have proceeded with far less dispatch than in most other East European countries. The autocratic and often cruel brand of socialist ideology practiced by Nicolae Ceausescu left the population physically and mentally malnourished. While Ceausescu and his wife were quickly disposed of on December 25, 1989, following a violent popular upheaval, the residual effects of years of enforced political inactivity and over-centralized planning left the country's social and political elites ill-prepared to manage the new paradigm with which they were faced. As a result, the transition to a true democratic form of government and functioning market economy has proceeded at a halting pace. Through it all, Romanians cast their gaze westward, transfixed on the notion of one day earning the right to be a full-fledged member of NATO.
Download or read book Romania and NATO written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Leaders Should Continue to Deepen Partnership with Romania written by Daniel Kochis and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Romania is an important U.S. ally in Europe. Located in the Black Sea region, which is critical for NATO collective defense, Romania has proven itself a willing ally and NATO member, contributing to a number of NATO missions and making robust investment in defense capabilities a priority. In particular, Romania has attained both NATO spending benchmarks and is deepening defense cooperation with the U.S. through equipment purchases, bilateral security agreements, and joint exercises. The U.S. should deepen cooperation with Romania, support Romanian OECD membership and inclusion in the Visa Waiver Program, and ensure that the Three Seas Initiative continues to remain a centerpiece of U.S. engagement in Europe.
Download or read book Romania s Entrance Into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War and the significant social and political changes from the central and eastern European countries created a great opportunity for an improved security environment in the whole of the Euro-Atlantic area. Initiated in response to the new security architecture, the 1995 Study on NATO Enlargement established the principles and conditions to be accomplished by candidate states in order to become a full member of the alliance. With Romania as case in point, this thesis uses a comparative method for analysis of the extent at which candidate states from the 2004 wave of enlargement were prepared for NATO integration. The accomplishment of entrance conditions was then compared with candidates' strategic attractiveness in order to establish which of these rationales weighted more in the balance for Romania's entrance into NATO. The analysis of historical issues and reasons that determined Romania to seek for NATO acceptance constituted the foundation of the attempt to answer the primary question: "Did NATO accept Romania as a full member based on accomplishment of entrance preconditions or on strategic rationale?" The results of the evaluation process revealed that other aspects, such as political implications, have to be taken into consideration for the analysis of an aspirant state for NATO membership.
Download or read book Beyond NATO written by Michael E. O'Hanlon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O'Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe's far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia. The new security architecture would require that Russia, like NATO, commit to help uphold the security of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and other states in the region. Russia would have to withdraw its troops from those countries in a verifiable manner; after that, corresponding sanctions on Russia would be lifted. The neutral countries would retain their rights to participate in multilateral security operations on a scale comparable to what has been the case in the past, including even those operations that might be led by NATO. They could think of and describe themselves as Western states (or anything else, for that matter). If the European Union and they so wished in the future, they could join the EU. They would have complete sovereignty and self-determination in every sense of the word. But NATO would decide not to invite them into the alliance as members. Ideally, these nations would endorse and promote this concept themselves as a more practical way to ensure their security than the current situation or any other plausible alternative.
Download or read book 108 1 Hearings NATO Enlargement Qualifications and Contributions Parts I IV S Hrg 108 180 March 27 and April 1 3 and 8 2003 written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report on Human Rights and the Process of NATO Enlargement written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report on Human Rights and the Process of NATO Enlargement written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NATO in the New Europe written by Alexandra Gheciu and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-17 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the question of the post-Cold War NATO, particularly in relation to the former communist countries of Europe, has been at the heart of a series of international reform debates. NATO in the "New Europe" contributes to these debates by arguing that, contrary to conventional assumptions about the role of international security organizations, NATO has been systematically involved in the process of building liberal democracy in the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The book also seeks to contribute to the development of an international political sociology of socialization. It draws on arguments developed by political theorists, sociologists, and social psychologists to examine the dynamics and implications of socialization practices conducted by an international institution.
Download or read book Explaining NATO Enlargement written by Robert W. Ruchhaus and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work evaluates the pros and cons of NATO enlargement. It explains why NATO offered membership to three of its Cold War adversaries and makes recommendations about which countries, if any, should be offered membership in the future.
Download or read book Romania Army National Security and Defense Policy Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments written by IBP. Inc. and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2007-02-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2011 Updated Reprint. Updated Annually. Romania Army, National Security and Defense Policy Handbook
Download or read book The Book of Honour written by Karen Stelfox and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-19 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Struggling with broken family relationships, and finding permanent housing, Karen Stelfox wrote these poems while she lived in Vancouver, B.C. from April to August 2014. If you're looking for inspiration to overcome your problems you'll find it in these poems.
