Download or read book The Role of the Big Flare Syndrome in Correlations of Solar Energetic Proton Fluxes and Associated Microwave Burst Parameters written by S. W. Kahler and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of the Big Flare Syndrome in Correlations of Solar Energetic Proton Fluxes and Associated Microwave Burst Parameters written by S. W. Kahler and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In previous studies correlating E> 10 MeV proton fluxes and spectra with various associated microwave burst parameters, the resulting high correlations were assumed to reflect a common acceleration process for the protons and the microwave-emitting electrons. We suggest and test an alternative explanation for these correlations, which we term the Big Flare Syndrome (BFS), that states that, statistically, energetic flare phenomena are more intense in larger flares, regardless of the detailed physics. Peak 1-8 A X-ray fluxes, characteristic of the thermal flare, are correlated with peak proton fluxes to derive correlation coefficients characteristics of the BFS. Of all microwave parameters tested for the 1973-1979 period, only the time-integrated flux densities at 8800 and 15400 MHz may be significantly larger than expected form the BFS. We fail to confirm previous results associating peak proton spectra with peak microwave spectral characteristics, thus finding no evidence that peak microwave fluxes are indicative of proton acceleration. We extend this conclusion to peak hard X-ray correlations. The strongly nonlinear relationship deduced between flare energy and proton production also appears invalid.
Download or read book The Role of the Big Flare Syndrome in Correlations of Solar Energetic Proton Fluxes and Associated Microwave Burst Parameters written by S. W. Kahler and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In previous studies correlating E > 10 MeV proton fluxes and spectra with various associated microwave burst parameters, the resulting high correlations were assumed to reflect a common acceleration process for the protons and the microwave-emitting electrons. We suggest and test an alternative explanation for these correlations, which we term the Big Flare Syndrome (BFS), that states that, statistically, energetic flare phenomena are more intense in larger flares, regardless of the detailed physics. Peak 1-8 A X-ray fluxes, characteristic of the thermal flare, are correlated with peak proton fluxes to derive correlation coefficients characteristics of the BFS. Of all microwave parameters tested for the 1973-1979 period, only the time-integrated flux densities at 8800 and 15400 MHz may be significantly larger than expected form the BFS. We fail to confirm previous results associating peak proton spectra with peak microwave spectral characteristics, thus finding no evidence that peak microwave fluxes are indicative of proton acceleration. We extend this conclusion to peak hard X-ray correlations. The strongly nonlinear relationship deduced between flare energy and proton production also appears invalid.
Download or read book Solar Terrestrial Relations written by Leonty Miroshnichenko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-24 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This books presents a brief review of modern concepts of the Sun-Earth problem and proposed physical mechanisms of solar-terrestrial relations (STR). This field covers a wide range of fundamental and actual applied problems of paramount importance (Space Weather, radiation hazard in space, functioning of space-borne and ground-based technological systems, heliobiology etc.). It is also closely tied with some general gnosiological problems. The author provides state-of-the-art information about existing problems and discusses different channels for extraterrestrial influences at the up-to-date level: electromagnetic waves and fields, total solar irradiance, solar wind, energetic solar particles, galactic cosmic rays, cosmic dust, etc. Some of the well-known and suggested STR effects and corresponding physical mechanisms are illustrated by several examples. In particular, a number of different external “signals” in observed changes of terrestrial climate and weather are considered. Especially, an expected impact of geophysical disturbances on the accuracy of some precise physical measurements and experiments is analysed. Due attention is paid to the heliobiological aspects of STR. Particular emphasis is on the multifactor nature of magneto-biological effect (MBE), its non-stationary and non-linear behaviour. The author also discusses main features of different physical mechanisms (electromagnetic fields, ionising radiation, triggers, rhythmic and resonances in solar-terrestrial systems) and their applicability to the Sun-Earth problem. The most of them are still needed in more sophisticated theoretical development and experimental confirmation. The main goals of interdisciplinary studies in this field are to determine partial impacts of solar-geomagnetic variability on the terrestrial environments and estimate (separate) relative contributions of different factors into various STR phenomena. The book is based on lectures given on advanced undergraduate level and will also benefit newcomers (physicists and engineers) to the field.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Peak flux density Spectra of Large Solar Radio Bursts and Proton Emission from Flares written by Edward W. Cliver and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have reexamined the relationship between U-shaped peak-flux-density microwave spectra and solar proton events for approx 200 large (Sp(> or = 2GHz) > or = 800 solar flux uits (sfu) microwave burst (1965 - 1979). The radio spectra fell into two basic classes: (a) U-shaped with two maxima ( > or = 800 sfu) in the range from 200 MHz to > or = 10 GHz (59 percent of all events), and (b) cutoff spectra with a maximum > or = 800 sfu at f > or = 2 GHz and Sp (200 MHz) 100 sfu (18 percent). Nine percent of the events had intermediate spectra with a maximum or = 800 sfu at f > or = 2 GHz and 100 sfu or = Sp (200 MHz) 800 sfu. We were unable to classify 15 percent of the events because of incomplete data. The associations of the three classes of spectra with Type II (and/or Type IV) meter wavelenght bursts and 10 MeV proton events of any size ( or = 0.01 pr per sq cm per sec per sr) are as follows: U-shaped Type II/IV (90 percent of large microwave bursts with U-shaped spectra are associated with Type II/IV events), protons (77 percent); intermediate Type II/IV (78 percent), protons (73 percent); and cutoff Type II/IV (22 percent), protons (33 percent). These statistics affirm various lines of evidence linking coronal shock waves and interplanetary proton events. They also suggest that the meter wavelength branch of the U-shaped spectrum may be attributable to second phase (vs flash phase) accelerated electrons.
Download or read book Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts written by S. Böhme and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-14 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, which has appeared in semi-annual volumes since 1969, is devoted to the recording, summarizing and indexing of astronomical publications throughout the world. It is prepared under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union (according to a resolution adopted at the 14th General Assembly in 1970). Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts aims to present a comprehensive documenta tion of literature in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics. Every effort will be made to ensure that the average time interval between the date of receipt of the original literature and publication of the abstracts will not exceed eight months. This time interval is near to that achieved by monthly abstracting journals, compared to which our system of accumu lating abstracts for about six months offers the advantage of greater convenience for the user. Volume 31 contains literature published in 1982 and received before July 15, 1982; some older literature which was received late and which is not recorded in earlier volumes is also included. We acknowledge with thanks contributions to this volume by Dr. J. Bouska, Prague, who surveyed journals and publications in Czech and supplied us with abstracts in English .
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NCRP Report written by National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Sun from Space written by Kenneth Lang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-08-15 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive account of solar astrophysics and how our perception and knowledge of this star have gradually changed as mankind has elucidated ever more of its mysteries. The emphasis here is on the last decade, which has seen three successful solar spacecraft missions: SOHO, Ulysses and Yohkoh. Together, these have confirmed many aspects of the solar standard model and provided new clues to the numerous open questions that remain. The author, a leading researcher in the field, writes in a clear and concise style. Known also for his famous books "Astrophysical Formulae", "Sun, Earth and Sky" and the prize-winning "Wanderers in Space", he has succeeded once again in addressing a complex scientific topic in a very approachable way.
Download or read book Environmental Research Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Cosmic Rays written by L.I. Miroshnichenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It turned out to be really a rare and happy occasion that we know exact1y when and how a new branch of space physics was born, namely, a physics of solar cosmic rays. It happened on February 28 and March 7, 1942 when the fIrst "cosmic ray bursts" were recorded on the Earth, and the Sun was unambiguously identifIed for the fIrst time as the source of high-velocity 10 particles with energies up to > 10 eV. Just due to such a high energy these relativistic particles have been called "solar cosmic rays" (SCR), in distinction from the "true" cosmic rays of galactic origin. Between 1942 and the beginning ofthe space era in 1957 only extremely high energy solar particle events could be occasionally recorded by cosmic ray ground-Ievel detectors and balloon borne sensors. Since then the detection techniques varied considerably and the study of SCR turned into essential part of solar and solar-terrestrial physics.
Download or read book Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation Part B written by Charles E. Swenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space missions subject human beings or any other target of a spacecraft to a radiation environment of an intensity and composition not available on earth. Whereas for missions in low earth orbit (LEO), such as those using the Space Shuttle or Space Station scenario, radiation exposure guidelines have been developed and have been adopted by spacefaring agencies, for exploratory class missions that will take the space travellers outside the protective confines of the geomagnetic field sufficient guidelines for radiation protection are still outstanding. For a piloted Mars mission, the whole concept of radiation protection needs to be reconsidered. Since there is an increasing interest of many nations and space agencies in establishing a lunar base and lor exploring Mars by manned missions, it is both, timely and important to develop appropriate risk estimates and radiation protection guidelines which will have an influence on the design and structure of space vehicles and habitation areas of the extraterrestrial settlements. This book is the result of a multidisciplinary effort to assess the state of art in our knowledge on the radiation situation during deep space missions and on the impact of this complex radiation environment on the space traveller. It comprises the lectures by the faculty members as well as short contributions by the students given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute "Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation" held in Armacao de Pera, Portugal, 12-23 October, 1991.
Download or read book Solar and Space Weather Radio Physics written by Bin Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Energetic Particles written by Donald V. Reames and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer introduces the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP) and systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. More specifically, the timing of the onsets, the longitude distributions, the high-energy spectral shapes, the correlations with other solar phenomena (e.g. coronal mass ejections), as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances of SEPs are investigated. Impulsive SEP events are related to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a new technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated. Last but not least the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space is mentioned and a short discussion of the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements is given.
Download or read book Sun Earth Plasma Connections written by James L. Burch and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1999-01-26 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 109. The Sun and the terrestrial magnetosphere have been the subjects of active research since the dawn of the space age. The capabilities of observing both systems with greater and greater detail evolved separately until the 1980s, when it was realized that definitive results on the connection between the Earth and the Sun would require a concerted and joint effort. It was also realized that sophisticated solar-terrestrial research communities existed within all the space-faring nations of the world and that no one of them could launch such an effort by itself. This realization led to the creation of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) program, which now comprises at least 12 spacecraft and includes extensive ground-based observations and theory and modeling efforts.
