Download or read book Role of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Acute Kidney Injury written by Subhashini Bolisetty and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heme Oxygenase and the Kidney written by David Stec and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heme oxygenases (HOs) are the enzymes responsible for the breakdown of heme and the generation of biliverdin/bilirubin and carbon monoxide (CO). The kidney is a complex organ consisting of many different cell types all working together for the single purpose of filtering the blood to eliminate waste products and conserving ions, minerals, and water necessary for life. HO enzymes and their products play a critical role in the normal function of the kidney as well as protecting the kidney from various insults including ischemia and exposure to nephrotoxins. For example, the HO metabolite, bilirubin, is a potent antioxidant which can limit damage to renal tubular epithelial cells following exposure to nephrotoxins associated with chemotherapy or traumatic injury. Another HO metabolite, CO, is an important vasodilator of renal blood vessels and helps protect against severe decreases in renal blood flow in conditions as diverse as exposure to radiocontrast agents and in hypertension-induced kidney disease. HO and its metabolites also play an important role in the survival of kidney cells after acute and chronic injuries by regulating important cell growth and programmed cell death pathways. The intent of this volume is to highlight the important role that HO enzymes and their related metabolites, bilirubin and CO, play in the regulation of renal function and in the response of the kidney to both acute and chronic pathologies. Table of Contents: Introduction to the HO System / HO and Renal Vascular Function / HO and Renal Tubule Function / HO and Acute Kidney Injury / HO and Chronic Kidney Injury / Future of Renal HO Research / References

Download or read book Heme Oxygenase in Biology and Medicine written by Nader G. Abraham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heme oxygenase is rapidly taking its place as the centerpiece of multiple inter acting metabolic systems. Only 25 years ago heme oxygenase and its metabolic prod ucts appeared to be merely a simple metabolic system-one substrate, heme; one enzyme, heme oxygenase; and one set of products, iron to be recycled, and bilirubin and carbon monoxide to be disposed. From a group of about 25 people in 1974, as judged by attendance at various Gordon conferences, heme oxygenase has, in the year 2000, attracted working scientists-and clinicians I might add-by the hundreds and has produced referenced publications by the thousands. It is well-deserved attention. Heme oxygenase system is now similar to the metabolic networks surrounding glucose in those complex maps of glycolytic and non-glycolytic metabolic pathways, which we had to memorize as students. The relevance of heme oxygenase to regulatory biology was recognized many years ago, but the work conducted over the past five years has created a new wave of emphasis focusing on genetic manipulation to alter heme oxygenase gene expression, the regulatory actions of heme oxygenase products including carbon monoxide, and the significance of changes in the heme oxygenase system. The physiological and pathological relevance of heme oxygenase in the brain, heart, liver, bone marrow, organ transplant, lung and kidney, opens many areas of investigation in various dis ciplines. Advances in the pharmacology of bilirubin and its ability as an antioxidant have provided a new avenue in clinical research.

Download or read book Heme Oxygenase written by Leo E. Otterbein and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heme oxygenase is an enzyme which breaks down heme, the iron-containing oxygen-carrying constituent of the red blood cells. Heme must be synthesised and degraded within an individual nucleated cell, as heme is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by sensing or using oxygen. Physiological heme degradation is catalysed by the two functional isozymes of heme oxygenase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and HO-2, yielding CO, iron, and biliverdin IX N. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-proliferative effects, is up-regulated by multiple stimuli and provides protection against oxidative stress. HO-1 also plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular function and is involved in many other diseases such as sickle cell disease. This new book brings together leading research from around the world in this field.

Download or read book Protective and Detrimental Role of Heme Oxygenase 1 written by Valeria Sorrenti and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book “Protective and Detrimental Role of Heme Oxygenase-1”, includes a selection of original research papers and reviews aimed at understanding the dual role (protective and detrimental) of HO-1 and the involved signaling pathways. Original research papers and reviews aimed at the identification of natural molecules or new synthetic compounds able to modulate HO-1 activity/expression help make HO-1 a potential therapeutic target for the amelioration of various diseases.

Download or read book Core Concepts in Acute Kidney Injury written by Sushrut S. Waikar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive guide covers the causes, characteristics, and presentations of acute kidney injury (AKI), as well as prevention and treatment. The first part of the book features chapters on the epidemiology and diagnosis of AKI. This is followed by sections on pathophysiology, clinical syndromes and patient management. Authored by leading clinicians, epidemiologists, basic scientists, and clinical trialists, this book captures the latest evidence and best practices for treating patients with AKI.

Download or read book A Functional Role for Heme Oxygenase 1 During Hypothermic Storage and Reperfusion in Renal Tissue written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Role of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Murine Renal Allograft Acceptance written by Christina Sass and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The acceptance of renal grafts in mice seems to be strain specific. While a kidney transplant between MHC disparate Balb/C and C57/B6 mice is rapidly rejected, a DBA kidney transplanted into a B6 mouse is spontaneously accepted and the acceptance is long term. Examination of sera from the B6 recipient demonstrates graft reactive antibodies suggesting an immune response being mounted. Yet the graft remains functioning suggesting that a state of tolerance has developed. Many theories as to the mode of immune regulation have been proposed including the presence of regulatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGFbeta), and the presence of regulatory T-cells. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) can be identified by the expression of the forkhead transcription factor foxP3, but the mechanism by which these Tregs down regulate the immune response remains to be determined. One theory is that foxP3 up-regulates the expression of the enzyme heme oxygenase-1 and this molecule produces physiological levels of carbon monoxide which has been shown to down regulate the activity of graft reactive T-cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that the regulation of the accepted grafts act through the presence of FoxP3 positive regulatory T-cells acting through up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1. To test this hypothesis we isolated RNA from accepted DBA to B6 renal allografts at various time points (day 0, 30, 60, 150). After reverse transcribing the RNA and using a polymerase chain reaction to clone heme oxygenase-1, expression of the gene was compared to expression of heme oxygenase-1 in B6 to B6 murine renal isografts taken at the same time points using gel electrophoresis. The expression of FoxP3 was also measured using the same procedure as stated above. This study is important because the DBA to B6 model seems to mimic the human condition, as patients have been seen that express enough antibody to warrant rejection but are not rejecting their renal grafts after transplantation.

Download or read book Dysfunction of the Immune System During Acute Kidney Injury written by Giuseppe Castellano and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-14 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heme Oxygenase System in Myocardial Infaction and Cardio renal Syndrome written by Sumit Ranjan Monu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing as well as developed world. Heart undergoes severe left ventricular remodeling, after MI which may eventually progress to heart failure. Newer strategies are required to protect the infarcted myocardium against ischemic injury and enhance repair of the infarcted heart. Cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) is another clinical problem which arises from the decompensated heart failure post-MI. CRS is characterized by acute kidney dysfunction and renal vasoconstriction and is mediated by renin angiotensin aldosterone (RAAS) axis and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) leading to renal failure. Recent findings implicate immune system in playing an important role in the development of CRS. The present studies were undertaken to investigate the role of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in protection and repair of infarcted heart and to examine the potential mechanisms mediating the protective effects of HO-1 in experimental mouse models. In addition, we also investigated the role of HO-1 as well as immune system in the development of CRS by using Lymphocyte suppressed SCID mice. A total of 250 adult mice were used in the experimental studies (125 C57 mice and 125 SCID mice). An experimental MI model was induced by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation and effects of HO-1 induction on ventricular remodeling as well as on cardiorenal syndrome was examined. Echocardiography was used to assess the ventricular function and renal Doppler was used to record the renovascular resistance. Histological and Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess cardiac angiogenesis, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac necrosis and renal fibrosis. In the experimental studies, HO-1 expression was induced pharmacologically by Cobalt Protoporphyrin (CoPPIX) and Stannous Mesoporphyrin (SnMP) was used to inhibit the activity of HO and served as negative control. HO-1 induction promoted angiogenesis in infarcted hearts via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ets-1. In addition, HO-1 showed many beneficial effects on cellular and extracellular remodeling in the infarcted heart. We noticed improved cardiac energy metabolism with the treatment of CoPP. HO-1 favored fatty acid oxidation to meet the high energy demand of an infarcted heart. We also investigated the role of HO-1 in CRS-1 in conjunction with immune system by using immunosuppressive and immunocompetent mice. We found that HO-1 has the potential to ameliorate CRS-1 in both SCID and C57 mice. Our study demonstrated that HO-1 dependent improvement in CRS-1 is more evident in immunosuppressed mice than in immunocompetent mice. This novel study indicates the modulatory role of immune cells in HO-1 dependent improvement of CRS-1 in experimental MI mouse model. In conclusion, HO-1 in the experimental murine MI models played an important role in the recovery and repair of infarcted hearts by increasing angiogenesis, improving cardiac energy metabolism and decreasing myocardial fibrosis. Induction of HO-1 also ameliorated CRS in post MI mouse model.

Download or read book Brenner and Rector s The Kidney E Book written by Karl Skorecki and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 2748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Put the world’s most well-known kidney reference to work in your practice with the 11th Edition of Brenner & Rector’s The Kidney. This two-volume masterwork provides expert, well-illustrated information on everything from basic science and pathophysiology to clinical best practices. Addressing current issues such as new therapies for cardiorenal syndrome, the increased importance of supportive or palliative care in advanced chronic kidney disease, increasing live kidney donation in transplants, and emerging discoveries in stem cell and kidney regeneration, this revised edition prepares you for any clinical challenge you may encounter. Extensively updated chapters throughout, providing the latest scientific and clinical information from authorities in their respective fields. Lifespan coverage of kidney health and disease from pre-conception through fetal and infant health, childhood, adulthood, and old age. Discussions of today’s hot topics, including the global increase in acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology, cardiovascular disease and renal disease, and global initiatives for alternatives in areas with limited facilities for dialysis or transplant. New Key Points that represent either new findings or "pearls" of information that are not widely known or understood. New Clinical Relevance boxes that highlight the information you must know during a patient visit, such as pertinent physiology or pathophysiology. Hundreds of full-color, high-quality photographs as well as carefully chosen figures, algorithms, and tables that illustrate essential concepts, nuances of clinical presentation and technique, and clinical decision making. A new editor who is a world-renowned expert in global health and nephrology care in underserved populations, Dr. Valerie A. Luyckx from University of Zürich. Board review-style questions to help you prepare for certification or recertification.

Download or read book Kidney Protection written by Vijay Lapsia and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kidney disease affects approximately ten percent of the population worldwide, with more than 2.6 million individuals estimated to be receiving renal replacement therapy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is fast becoming a major public health issue, with increasing incidence and death rates throughout the world. Many strategies have been proposed to reduce the growing burden of kidney disease; but while early identification and improved access to renal replacement therapies and transplantation are important, they are unlikely to solve this enormous problem. Efforts focused on primary prevention, protection, and slowing the progression of kidney disease are needed as well. Renal protection is a vital and critical component of protecting the kidneys, promoting recovery, and preventing further renal loss, yet observational data suggests that awareness of renal protection remains low and the concept of renal protection under-recognized.. Kidney Protection: A Practical Guide to Preserving Renal Function in Acute and Chronic Disease is a clinically focused review that aims to address this awareness and knowledge gap. It assembles clinically pertinent information in a concise and lucid format with the goal of helping the clinician protect the kidneys, whether in the ICU, perioperative, or out-patient setting. The authors' interdisciplinary approach is inclusive of nephrology, urology, critical care, anesthesia, and emergency medicine. Chapters review understanding kidney disease, general concepts in protecting renal function, patient selection, assessment, pharmacologic issues, and kidney protection in systemic illness. The latest evidence-based practical guidelines for optimal renal outcomes are also included.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology written by Neil N. Turner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-29 with total page 3045 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition of the Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology builds on the success and international reputation of the publication as an important resource for the practising clinician in the field. It provides practical, scholarly, and evidence-based coverage of the full spectrum of clinical nephrology, written by a global faculty of experts. The most relevant and important reference to clinical nephrology, this is an authoritative and comprehensive textbook combining the clinical aspects of renal disease essential to daily clinical practice with extensive information about the underlying basic science and current evidence available. Each section of the textbook has been critically and comprehensively edited under the auspices of a leading expert in the field. This new edition has been significantly expanded and reapportioned to reflect developments and new approaches to topics, and includes treatment algorithms to aid and enhance patient care where possible. The fourth edition offers increased focus on the medical aspects of transplantation, HIV-associated renal disease, and infection and renal disease, alongside entirely new sections on genetic topics and clinical and physiological aspects of fluid/electrolyte and tubular disorders. The emphasis throughout is on marrying advances in scientific research with clinical management. Richly illustrated throughout in full colour, this is a truly modern and attractive edition which reinforces the Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology's position as an indispensable reference work of consistent quality and reliability. Enriched and refined by careful revision, this new edition continues the tradition of excellence. This print edition of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology comes with a year's access to the online version on Oxford Medicine Online. By activating your unique access code, you can read and annotate the full text online, follow links from the references to primary research materials, and view, enlarge and download all the figures and tables. Oxford Medicine Online is mobile optimized for access when and where you need it.

Download or read book Kidney Inflammation Injury and Regeneration written by Patrick C. Baer and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-03 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still associated with high morbidity and mortality incidence rates, and also bears an elevated risk of subsequent chronic kidney disease. Although the kidney has a remarkable capacity for regeneration after injury and may recover completely depending on the type of renal lesions, the options for clinical intervention are restricted to fluid management and extracorporeal kidney support. The development of novel therapies to prevent AKI, to improve renal regeneration capacity after AKI, and to preserve renal function is urgently needed. The Special Issue covers research articles that investigated the molecular mechanisms of inflammation and injury during different renal pathologies, renal regeneration, diagnostics using new biomarkers, and the effects of different stimuli like medication or bacterial components on isolated renal cells or in vivo models. The Special Issue contains important reviews that consider the current knowledge of cell death and regeneration, inflammation, and the molecular mechanisms of kidney diseases. In addition, the potential of cell-based therapy approaches that use mesenchymal stromal/stem cells or their derivates is summarized. This edition is complemented by reviews that deal with the current data situation on other specific topics like diabetes and diabetic nephropathy or new therapeutic targets.

Download or read book Clinical Regenerative Medicine in Urology written by Bup Wan Kim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multidisciplinary book provides up-to-date information on clinical approaches that combine stem or progenitor cells, biomaterials and scaffolds, growth factors, and other bioactive agents in order to offer improved treatment of urologic disorders including lower urinary tract dysfunction, urinary incontinence, neurogenic bladder, and erectile dysfunction. In providing clinicians and researchers with a broad perspective on the development of regenerative medicine technologies, it will assist in the dissemination of both regenerative medicine principles and a variety of exciting therapeutic options. After an opening section addressing current developments and future perspectives in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, fundamentals such as cell technologies, biomaterials, bioreactors, bioprinting, and decellularization are covered in detail. The remainder of the book is devoted to the description and evaluation of a range of cell and tissue applications, with individual chapters focusing on the kidney, bladder, urethra, urethral sphincter, and penis and testis.

Download or read book Pediatric Nephrology written by Ellis D. Avner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-20 with total page 2059 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is an extensive update of Pediatric Nephrology, which has become the standard reference text in the field. It is global in perspective and reflects the international group of editors, who are well-recognized experts in pediatric nephrology. Within this text, the development of kidney structure and function is followed by detailed and comprehensive chapters on all childhood kidney diseases.

Download or read book Handbook of Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria produce the chemical energy necessary for eukaryotic cell functions; hence mitochondria are an essential component of health, playing roles in both disease and aging. More than 80 human diseases and syndromes are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction; this book focuses upon diseases linked to these ubiquitous organelles. Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA damage results in mitochondrial dysfunction through two main pathways. Mutation in mitochondrial DNA causes diseases such as Kearns-Sayre syndrome and Pearson syndrome. Mutation in chromosomal DNA causes diseases such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. These and many other diseases are reviewed in this book. Key Features Presents the detailed structure of mitochondria, mitochondrial function, roles of oxidants and antioxidants in mitochondrial dysfunction. Includes summary of both causes and effects of these diseases. Discusses current and potential future therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction diseases Explores a wide variety of diseases caused by dysfunctional mitochondria.