Download or read book Role of DNA Methylation in Skeletal Metastasis and Bone Remodeling written by Surabhi Parashar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Breast and prostate cancer are two most common malignancies associated with skeletal metastasis which affect the quality of life and result in high rate of mortality. Various lifestyle choices, genetic disposition and epigenetic factors can favour the process of cancer initiation and progression. Early detection of epigenetic changes can lead to early diagnosis and enhance treatment options for cancer patients to block skeletal metastasis and reduce cancer associated morbidity and mortality. In order to understand the role of epigenetics in cancer progression, I utilised two human osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines and treated them with a DNA methylating agent S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and its inactive analogue s-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) as a control. Treatment with SAM reduced the expression of tumor promoting genes and significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. In the xenograft model of OS where LM& cells were inoculated via tail vein and directly into tibia, both lung and bone metastases were significantly reduced in the experimental group as compared to the control group of animals. To determine the epigenetic alterations in OS, I utilized SAM treated LM7 cell line and performed epigenome wide association studies (EWAS). The results showed significant differential methylation in genes involved in tumor progression and bone remodelling. The results were further validated by immunohistochemcial analysis of the identified genes on human OS tissue samples.Cancer immunosurveillance is a well-known mechanism by which immune system keeps a check on transformed cancer cells. We hypothesized that DNA methylation signature of breast cancer can be found in peripheral cells of the immune system. Towards these goals I employed T-cell DNA samples obtained from the blood of breast cancer patients. The DNA methylation signatures present in breast cancer patients were compared to an age matched cohort of normal women by EWAS analysis. The results showed significant differential methylation in genes involved in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), p53 and retinoic acid receptor (RAR) activation pathways in breast cancer patients. I also investigated the DNA methylation pattern in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis, which is the most common bone disease associated with high incidence of morbidity. Whole blood DNA samples from osteoporotic women and age matched normal women were utilised for EWAS analysis. Results from these studies showed differential methylation of several genes involved in transcriptional regulation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and immune checkpoint pathways.Collectively these studies demonstrate an intricate relationship between epigenetic modifications in cancer progression and bone remodelling. The results presented pave the way for development of novel epigenetic based diagnostic tools and better treatment of metastatic cancers." --

Download or read book DNA Methylation and Complex Human Disease written by Michel Neidhart and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA Methylation and Complex Human Disease reviews the possibilities of methyl-group-based epigenetic biomarkers of major diseases, tailored epigenetic therapies, and the future uses of high-throughput methylome technologies. This volume includes many pertinent advances in disease-bearing research, including obesity, type II diabetes, schizophrenia, and autoimmunity. DNA methylation is also discussed as a plasma and serum test for non-invasive screening, diagnostic and prognostic tests, as compared to biopsy-driven gene expression analysis, factors which have led to the use of DNA methylation as a potential tool for determining cancer risk, and diagnosis between benign and malignant disease. Therapies are at the heart of this volume and the possibilities of DNA demethylation. In cancer, unlike genetic mutations, DNA methylation and histone modifications are reversible and thus have shown great potential in the race for effective treatments. In addition, the authors present the importance of high-throughput methylome analysis, not only in cancer, but also in non-neoplastic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Discusses breaking biomarker research in major disease families of current health concern and research interest, including obesity, type II diabetes, schizophrenia, and autoimmunity Summarizes advances not only relevant to cancer, but also in non-neoplastic disease, currently an emerging field Describes wholly new concepts, including the linking of metabolic pathways with epigenetics Provides translational researchers with the knowledge of both basic research and clinic applications of DNA methylation in human diseases

Download or read book Principles of Bone Biology written by John P. Bilezikian and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2008-09-29 with total page 2074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Bone Biology provides the most comprehensive, authoritative reference on the study of bone biology and related diseases. It is the essential resource for anyone involved in the study of bone biology. Bone research in recent years has generated enormous attention, mainly because of the broad public health implications of osteoporosis and related bone disorders. Provides a "one-stop" shop. There is no need to search through many research journals or books to glean the information one wants...it is all in one source written by the experts in the field The essential resource for anyone involved in the study of bones and bone diseases Takes the reader from the basic elements of fundamental research to the most sophisticated concepts in therapeutics Readers can easily search and locate information quickly as it will be online with this new edition

Download or read book Introduction to Epigenetics written by Renato Paro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access textbook leads the reader from basic concepts of chromatin structure and function and RNA mechanisms to the understanding of epigenetics, imprinting, regeneration and reprogramming. The textbook treats epigenetic phenomena in animals, as well as plants. Written by four internationally known experts and senior lecturers in this field, it provides a valuable tool for Master- and PhD- students who need to comprehend the principles of epigenetics, or wish to gain a deeper knowledge in this field. After reading this book, the student will: Have an understanding of the basic toolbox of epigenetic regulation Know how genetic and epigenetic information layers are interconnected Be able to explain complex epigenetic phenomena by understanding the structures and principles of the underlying molecular mechanisms Understand how misregulated epigenetic mechanisms can lead to disease

Download or read book Handbook of Nutrition Diet and Epigenetics written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multivolume reference work addresses the fact that the well being of humankind is predicated not only on individuals receiving adequate nutrition but also on their genetic makeup. The work includes more than 100 chapters organized in the following major sections: Introduction and Overview; Epigenetics of Organs and Diseases in Relation to Diet and Nutrition; Detailed Processes in Epigenetics of Diet and Nutrition; Modulating Epigenetics with Diet and Nutrition; and Practical Techniques. While it is well known that genes may encode proteins responsible for structural and dynamic components, there is an increasing body of evidence to suggest that nutrition itself may alter the way in which genes are expressed via the process of epigenetics. This is where chemically imposed alteration in the DNA sequence occurs or where the functional expression of DNA is modulated. This may include changes in DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, chromatin, histone acetylation or methylation, and genomic imprinting. Knowledge regarding the number of dietary components that impact on epigenetic processes is increasing almost daily. Marshalling all the information on the complex relationships between diet, nutrition, and epigenetic processes is somewhat difficult due to the wide myriad of material. It is for this reason that the present work has been compiled.

Download or read book Novel Therapies for Combating Bone Diseases through Advances in Bone Remodeling written by Chao Liang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-17 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bone Cancer written by Dominique Heymann and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 1080 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone Cancer: Bone Sarcomas and Bone Metastases - From Bench to Bedside, Third Edition comprehensively investigates key discoveries in the field of bone biology. New aspects of bone cancer biology are treated in new chapters covering exosomes, autophagy, and metabolism. These have led to the development of entirely new areas for investigation, such as therapies which combine surgery and biological approaches. The Third Edition expands on the original overview of bone cancer development (physiology and pathophysiology), with 40% new material. Each chapter has been written by internationally recognized specialists on the bone cancer microenvironment, bone metastases, osteoclast biology in bone cancer, proteomics, bone niche, circulating tumor cells, and clinical trials. Given the global prevalence of breast and prostate cancers, knowledge of bone biology has become essential for everyone within the medical and cancer research communities. Bone Cancer: Bone Sarcomas and Bone Metastases - From Bench to Bedside continues to offer the only translational reference to cover all aspects of primary bone cancer and bone metastases. This revision opens the door to myeloma with two short chapters dedicated to this bone-associated disease. Covers the broad field of bone sarcomas and bone metastases from basic research to clinical approaches Presents comprehensive and translational overview of biological and clinical aspects of bone cancers, discussing pathophysiology from genetic and molecular levels using the most recent evidence Provides a common language for cancer researchers, bone biologists, oncologists, and radiologists to discuss bone tumors and how bone cancer metastases affects each major organ system Offers insights to research clinicians (oncologists and radiologists) into understanding the molecular basis of bone cancer, leading to more well-informed diagnoses and treatment of tumors and metastases Offers insights to bone biologists into how clinical observations and practices can feed back into the research cycle and, therefore, can contribute to the development of more targeted genomic and proteomic assays

Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.

Download or read book Mammalian Development written by Peter Lonai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-09-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book aims to provide a survey of the developmental biology of mammals--Pref.

Download or read book Bone Pathology written by Jasvir S. Khurana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone Pathology is the second edition of the book, A Compendium of Skeletal Pathology that published 10 years ago. Similar to the prior edition, this book complements standard pathology texts and blends new but relatively established information on the molecular biology of the bone. Serving as a bench-side companion to the surgical pathologist, this new edition reflects new advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of bone. New chapters on soft-tissue sarcomas and soft-tissue tumors have been added as well as several additional chapters such as Soft-tissue pathology and Biomechanics. The volume is written by experts who are established in the field of musculoskeletal diseases. Bone Pathology is a combined effort from authors of different specialties including surgeons, pathologists, radiologists and basic scientists all of whom have in common an interest in bone diseases. It will be of great value to surgical pathology residents as well as practicing pathologists, skeletal radiologists, orthopedic surgeons and medical students.

Download or read book Advances in Prostate Cancer Model Systems Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Early Detection and Therapies written by Tanya I. Stoyanova and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-08 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bone Research Protocols written by Miep H. Helfrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade has seen a tremendous advance in our understanding of bone biology. The genes responsible for the majority of rare inherited bone disorders have been identified and much progress has been made in the identification of genes in polygenic disorders such as Paget’s disease and complex multigene diseases such as osteoporosis. Transgenic technology has identified further genes, sometimes unexpectedly, with profound effects on bone. This wealth of new genetic information will undoubtedly lead to extensive cell biological studies to understand the mechanisms by which these gene products affect bone mass and bone strength. In Bone Research Protocols a catalogue of protocols has been assembled to perform such mechanistic studies. In the tradition of the Methods in Molecular Medicine series, the chapters are practical laboratory protocols that should enable the reader to carry out the techniques from scratch. To our knowledge this is the first time such a truly practical manual on well-established bone methods has been assembled, and this volume aims to be complementary to and follow on from the more theoretical Methods in Bone Biology, edited by Arnett and Henderson (1).

Download or read book Long Non Coding RNA Biology written by M.R.S. Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of the various aspects of long non-coding RNAs and discusses their emerging significance. Written by leading experts in the field, it motivates young researchers around the globe, and offers graduate and postgraduate students fascinating insights into genes and their regulation in eukaryotes and higher organisms.

Download or read book Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy written by Neil J. Clendeninn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-09-17 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cutting-edge investigators review the current status of the entire field, from the biology of MMPs through the current clinical studies. The authors include many leading scientists from pharmaceutical companies who present all the latest concepts and results on the preferred design strategies for MMP inhibitors, their molecular mechanisms, and their substrates. In addition, they fully describe their personal research on specific MMP inhibitors, detailing vanguard design strategies, their in vitro activity, the outcome of animal model studies and, where available, their toxicology, safety, efficacy in human clinical trials. Comprehensive and state-of-the-art, Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy offers basic and clinical investigators alike a richly informative summary of all the latest research on these powerful new drugs, and their high promise as emerging cancer therapeutics.

Download or read book Clinical Pediatric Nephrology written by Kanwal Kher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of a bestseller, this book provides insight from a wide array of international contributors in the field of pediatric nephrology. Copiously illustrated with photomicrographs and clinical diagrams, the third edition reflects current advances in the field. Each chapter contains a set of questions, directed at helping fellows succeed at the American Pediatric Nephrology Board examination. New information for this edition includes changes in treatment options for hyponatremia, and updates on hyperparathyroidism and transplantation. Text boxes highlight important "take home points" throughout the chapters. Clinical Pediatric Nephrology, Third Edition will be a valuable reference for clinicians in nephrology, pediatrics and urology, and any professional involved in the care of children with renal diseases seeking a reliable contemporary text.

Download or read book Hormone Therapy and Replacement in Cancer and Aging related Diseases written by Letícia Rangel and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume, Hormone Therapy and Replacement in Cancer and Aging-related Diseases, is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of hormone replacement therapy. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by experts active in the hormone replacement therapy research area. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on hormone replacement therapy, and opens new possible research paths for further novel developments.