Download or read book Robust Quantum Logic for Trapped Ion Quantum Computers written by Anna Elizabeth Webb and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantum Computing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanics, the subfield of physics that describes the behavior of very small (quantum) particles, provides the basis for a new paradigm of computing. First proposed in the 1980s as a way to improve computational modeling of quantum systems, the field of quantum computing has recently garnered significant attention due to progress in building small-scale devices. However, significant technical advances will be required before a large-scale, practical quantum computer can be achieved. Quantum Computing: Progress and Prospects provides an introduction to the field, including the unique characteristics and constraints of the technology, and assesses the feasibility and implications of creating a functional quantum computer capable of addressing real-world problems. This report considers hardware and software requirements, quantum algorithms, drivers of advances in quantum computing and quantum devices, benchmarks associated with relevant use cases, the time and resources required, and how to assess the probability of success.
Download or read book Computational Complexity written by Robert A. Meyers and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complex systems are systems that comprise many interacting parts with the ability to generate a new quality of collective behavior through self-organization, e.g. the spontaneous formation of temporal, spatial or functional structures. These systems are often characterized by extreme sensitivity to initial conditions as well as emergent behavior that are not readily predictable or even completely deterministic. The recognition that the collective behavior of the whole system cannot be simply inferred from an understanding of the behavior of the individual components has led to the development of numerous sophisticated new computational and modeling tools with applications to a wide range of scientific, engineering, and societal phenomena. Computational Complexity: Theory, Techniques and Applications presents a detailed and integrated view of the theoretical basis, computational methods, and state-of-the-art approaches to investigating and modeling of inherently difficult problems whose solution requires extensive resources approaching the practical limits of present-day computer systems. This comprehensive and authoritative reference examines key components of computational complexity, including cellular automata, graph theory, data mining, granular computing, soft computing, wavelets, and more.
Download or read book High Fidelity Quantum Logic in Ca written by Christopher J. Ballance and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-14 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes experimental work in the field of trapped-ion quantum computation. It outlines the theory of Raman interactions, examines the various sources of error in two-qubit gates, and describes in detail experimental explorations of the sources of infidelity in implementations of single- and two-qubit gates. Lastly, it presents an experimental demonstration of a mixed-species entangling gate.
Download or read book Compensating Sequences for Robust Quantum Control of Trapped ion Qubits written by James True Merrill and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Universal quantum computation requires precision control of the dynamics of qubits. Frequently accurate quantum control is impeded by systematic drifts and other errors. Compensating composite pulse sequences are a resource efficient technique for quantum error reduction. This work describes compensating sequences for ion-trap quantum computers. We introduce a Lie-algebraic framework which unifies all known fully-compensating sequences and admits a novel geometric interpretation where sequences are treated as vector paths on a dynamical Lie algebra. Using these techniques, we construct new narrowband sequences with improved error correction and reduced time costs. We use these sequences to achieve laser addressing of single trapped 40Ca+ ions, even if neighboring ions experience significant field intensity. We also use broadband sequences to achieve robust control of 171Yb+ ions even with inhomogeneous microwave fields. Further, we generalize compensating sequences to correct certain multi-qubit interactions. We show that multi-qubit gates may be corrected to arbitrary accuracy if there exists either two non-commuting controls with correlated errors or one error-free control. A practical ion-trap quantum computer must be extendible to many trapped ions. One solution is to employ microfabricated surface-electrode traps, which are well-suited for scalable designs and integrated systems. We describe two novel surface-electrode traps, one with on-chip microwave waveguides for hyperfine 171Yb+ qubit manipulations, and a second trap with an integrated high numerical aperture spherical micromirror for enhanced fluorescence collection.
Download or read book Quantum Computing for Computer Architects Second Edition written by Tzvetan Metodi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum computers can (in theory) solve certain problems far faster than a classical computer running any known classical algorithm. While existing technologies for building quantum computers are in their infancy, it is not too early to consider their scalability and reliability in the context of the design of large-scale quantum computers. To architect such systems, one must understand what it takes to design and model a balanced, fault-tolerant quantum computer architecture. The goal of this lecture is to provide architectural abstractions for the design of a quantum computer and to explore the systems-level challenges in achieving scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation. In this lecture, we provide an engineering-oriented introduction to quantum computation with an overview of the theory behind key quantum algorithms. Next, we look at architectural case studies based upon experimental data and future projections for quantum computation implemented using trapped ions. While we focus here on architectures targeted for realization using trapped ions, the techniques for quantum computer architecture design, quantum fault-tolerance, and compilation described in this lecture are applicable to many other physical technologies that may be viable candidates for building a large-scale quantum computing system. We also discuss general issues involved with programming a quantum computer as well as a discussion of work on quantum architectures based on quantum teleportation. Finally, we consider some of the open issues remaining in the design of quantum computers. Table of Contents: Introduction / Basic Elements for Quantum Computation / Key Quantum Algorithms / Building Reliable and Scalable Quantum Architectures / Simulation of Quantum Computation / Architectural Elements / Case Study: The Quantum Logic Array Architecture / Programming the Quantum Architecture / Using the QLA for Quantum Simulation: The Transverse Ising Model / Teleportation-Based Quantum Architectures / Concluding Remarks
Download or read book Scalable Microchip Ion Traps for Quantum Computation written by Stephan Schulz and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of scalable microfabricated ion traps with multiple segments for the realization of quantum computing is a challenging task in quantum information science. The research on the design, development, fabrication, and operation of the first European micro-trap is shown in this thesis. This chip-based micro-trap is an outstanding candidate towards experiments for a future quantum processor with trapped single ions. In the experiments coherent quantum state manipulation is demonstrated, and sideband cooling to the motional ground state is realized. The heating rate is determined and the applicability for quantum computation is proven. Furthermore planar trap designs are investigated - a planar microparticle trap was built and operated. A linear microfabricated planar trap was operated, showing the proof of concept of a novel designed and fabricated Y-shaped planar trap.
Download or read book Quantum Computing for Computer Architects written by Tzvetan S. Metodi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2007-12-31 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum computation may seem to be a topic for science fiction, but small quantum computers have existed for several years and larger machines are on the drawing table. These efforts have been fueled by a tantalizing property: while conventional computers employ a binary representation that allows computational power to scale linearly with resources at best, quantum computations employ quantum phenomena that can interact to allow computational power that is exponential in the number of "quantum bits" in the system. Quantum devices rely on the ability to control and manipulate binary data stored in the phase information of quantum wave functions that describe the electronic states of individual atoms or the polarization states of photons. While existing quantum technologies are in their infancy, we shall see that it is not too early to consider scalability and reliability. In fact, such considerations are a critical link in the development chain of viable device technologies capable of orchestrating reliable control of tens of millions quantum bits in a large-scale system. The goal of this lecture is to provide architectural abstractions common to potential technologies and explore the systemslevel challenges in achieving scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation. The central premise of the lecture is directed at quantum computation (QC) architectural issues. We stress the fact that the basic tenet of large-scale quantum computing is reliability through system balance: the need to protect and control the quantum information just long enough for the algorithm to complete execution. To architectQCsystems, onemust understand what it takes to design and model a balanced, fault-tolerant quantum architecture just as the concept of balance drives conventional architectural design. For example, the register file depth in classical computers is matched to the number of functional units, the memory bandwidth to the cache miss rate, or the interconnect bandwidth matched to the compute power of each element of a multiprocessor. We provide an engineering-oriented introduction to quantum computation and provide an architectural case study based upon experimental data and future projection for ion-trap technology.We apply the concept of balance to the design of a quantum computer, creating an architecture model that balances both quantum and classical resources in terms of exploitable parallelism in quantum applications. From this framework, we also discuss the many open issues remaining in designing systems to perform quantum computation.
Download or read book Experimental Issues in Coherent Quantum State Manipulation of Trapped Atomic Ions written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods for, and limitations to, the generation of entangled states of trapped atomic ions are examined. As much as possible, state manipulations are described in terms of quantum logic operations since the conditional dynamics implicit in quantum logic is central to the creation of entanglement. Keeping with current interest, some experimental issues in the proposal for trapped-ion quantum computation by J.I. Cirac and P. Zoller (University of Innsbruck) are discussed. Several possible decoherence mechanisms are examined and what may be the more important of these are identified. Some potential applications for entangled states of trapped-ions which lie outside the immediate realm of quantum computation are also discussed.
Download or read book Experimental Aspects of Quantum Computing written by Henry O. Everitt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical quantum computing still seems more than a decade away, and researchers have not even identified what the best physical implementation of a quantum bit will be. There is a real need in the scientific literature for a dialogue on the topic of lessons learned and looming roadblocks. This reprint from Quantum Information Processing is dedicated to the experimental aspects of quantum computing and includes articles that 1) highlight the lessons learned over the last 10 years, and 2) outline the challenges over the next 10 years. The special issue includes a series of invited articles that discuss the most promising physical implementations of quantum computing. The invited articles were to draw grand conclusions about the past and speculate about the future, not just report results from the present.
Download or read book Quantum Computer Systems written by Yongshan Ding and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book targets computer scientists and engineers who are familiar with concepts in classical computer systems but are curious to learn the general architecture of quantum computing systems. It gives a concise presentation of this new paradigm of computing from a computer systems' point of view without assuming any background in quantum mechanics. As such, it is divided into two parts. The first part of the book provides a gentle overview on the fundamental principles of the quantum theory and their implications for computing. The second part is devoted to state-of-the-art research in designing practical quantum programs, building a scalable software systems stack, and controlling quantum hardware components. Most chapters end with a summary and an outlook for future directions. This book celebrates the remarkable progress that scientists across disciplines have made in the past decades and reveals what roles computer scientists and engineers can play to enable practical-scale quantum computing.
Download or read book Introduction to Quantum Computing written by Ray LaPierre and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a self-contained undergraduate course on quantum computing based on classroom-tested lecture notes. It reviews the fundamentals of quantum mechanics from the double-slit experiment to entanglement, before progressing to the basics of qubits, quantum gates, quantum circuits, quantum key distribution, and some of the famous quantum algorithms. As well as covering quantum gates in depth, it also describes promising platforms for their physical implementation, along with error correction, and topological quantum computing. With quantum computing expanding rapidly in the private sector, understanding quantum computing has never been so important for graduates entering the workplace or PhD programs. Assuming minimal background knowledge, this book is highly accessible, with rigorous step-by-step explanations of the principles behind quantum computation, further reading, and end-of-chapter exercises, ensuring that undergraduate students in physics and engineering emerge well prepared for the future.
Download or read book Frontiers of Engineering written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents papers on the topics covered at the National Academy of Engineering's 2018 US Frontiers of Engineering Symposium. Every year the symposium brings together 100 outstanding young leaders in engineering to share their cutting-edge research and innovations in selected areas. The 2018 symposium was held September 5-7 and hosted by MIT Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Massachusetts. The intent of this book is to convey the excitement of this unique meeting and to highlight innovative developments in engineering research and technical work.
Download or read book Design of a Real Time Embedded Control System for Quantum Computing Experiments written by Richard Rademacher and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the design of a real-time control system for trapped ion quantum computer experiments. It is framed in the context of the QuantumIon project, a project at the University of Waterloo's Institute for Quantum Computing that aims to provide a scalable, remote-operation ion trap for a wide variety of quantum research without the need for 'expert' ion-trap knowledge. The target users span the range of ion-trap researchers,algorithms researchers, performance benchmarking researchers, and quantum simulation researchers.The control system features a user programming language, remote access to a compiling server, a sub-nanosecond time sequencing engine, arbitrary waveform generation for pulse shaping, and fully adjustable internal parameters. This platform affords the user extraordinary flexibility for many research use cases without requiring physical access. High-speed precision timing is achieved through the use of FPGA technology, while internal consistency (necessary for usability by non-experts) is achieved through an abstraction layer approach. Supercomputing-grade network infrastructure is employed to meet the strict timing requirements. An extensive suite of calibration tools and results is available to monitor machine-dependent parameters of the experiment. A sophisticated symbolic algebra system is used to create powerful calculations of precision timing sequences. Extensive automation is employed to remove the need for physical access, thus providing quantum computing to a wide audience. Under this model even the lowest-level control is avail-able to support innovative new designs, while a "library" of pre-defined sequences is also available to leverage "best practice" gates for those wishing rapid results. Finally, the user language itself is designed to be portable, allowing bindings to current popular classical languages such as Matlab and Python, and can be expanded for use in quantum-specific languages such as Cirq, Quill, and QASM .Through this approach the control system for QuantumIon is a flexible, powerful, scalable, and robust platform that is expected to be in use for a long time.
Download or read book Manipulating Quantum Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) science underpins many technologies and continues to progress at an exciting pace for both scientific discoveries and technological innovations. AMO physics studies the fundamental building blocks of functioning matter to help advance the understanding of the universe. It is a foundational discipline within the physical sciences, relating to atoms and their constituents, to molecules, and to light at the quantum level. AMO physics combines fundamental research with practical application, coupling fundamental scientific discovery to rapidly evolving technological advances, innovation and commercialization. Due to the wide-reaching intellectual, societal, and economical impact of AMO, it is important to review recent advances and future opportunities in AMO physics. Manipulating Quantum Systems: An Assessment of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics in the United States assesses opportunities in AMO science and technology over the coming decade. Key topics in this report include tools made of light; emerging phenomena from few- to many-body systems; the foundations of quantum information science and technologies; quantum dynamics in the time and frequency domains; precision and the nature of the universe, and the broader impact of AMO science.
Download or read book Hardware for Quantum Computing written by Chuck Easttom and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface electrode Ion Traps for Scalable Quantum Computing written by David T. C. Allcock and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major challenges in trapped-ion quantum computation are to scale up few-ion experiments to many qubits and to improve control techniques so that quantum logic gates can be carried out with higher fidelities. This thesis reports experimental progress in both of these areas. In the early part of the thesis we describe the fabrication of a surface-electrode ion trap, the development of the apparatus and techniques required to operate it and the successful trapping of 40Ca+ ions. Notably we developed methods to control the orientation of the principal axes and to minimise ion micromotion. We propose a repumping scheme that simplifies heating rate measurements for ions with low-lying D levels, and use it to characterise the electric field noise in the trap. Surface-electrode traps are important because they offer a route to dense integration of electronic and optical control elements using existing microfabrication technology. We explore this scaling route by testing a series of three traps that were microfabricated at Sandia National Laboratories. Investigations of micromotion and charging of the surface by laser beams were carried out and improvements to future traps are suggested. Using one of these traps we also investigated anomalous electrical noise from the electrode surfaces and discovered that it can be reduced by cleaning with a pulsed laser. A factor of two de- crease was observed; this represents the first in situ removal of this noise source, an important step towards higher gate fidelities. In the second half of the thesis we describe the design and construction of an experiment for the purpose of replacing laser-driven multi-qubit quantum logic gates with microwave-driven ones. We investigate magnetic-field-independent hyperfine qubits in 43Ca+ as suitable qubits for this scheme. We make a design study of how best to integrate an ion trap with the microwave conductors required to implement the gate and propose a novel integrated resonant structure. The trap was fabricated and ions were successfully loaded. Single-qubit experiments show that the microwave fields above the trap are in excellent agreement with software simulations. There are good prospects for demonstrating a multiqubit gate in the near future. We conclude by discussing the possibilities for larger-scale quantum computation by combining microfabricated traps and microwave control.
