Download or read book Road User Charges in Central America written by Anthony A. Churchill and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of the principles of pricing of road user services to Central America is described. If the maximum net benefit from the highway network is to be achieved, the correct price to be charged users is a price equal to the cost of the resources used up when the journey is made. An attempt is made to estimate the variable maintenance costs generated by vehicles using uncongested highways. Current charges are in considerable excess of the economic costs of using uncongested highways. A high degree of congestion exists in all major Central American cities. Failure to reflect this congestion in the costs of using urban streets is rapidly leading to an intolerable situation. A general recommendation is made that road user charges be reduced in rural areas and increased in urban areas. Gasoline taxes, import duties, and general license fees could be lowered at the same time as urban congestion charges and diesel taxes are raised. Excessive border crossing procedures should be eliminated. Data that should be collected in order to facilitate transport decision making should include traffic counts, velocity studies, freight rates, maintenance costs for select road sections, and post investment studies.
Download or read book Road User Charges in Central America written by Anthony Churchill and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Road User Charges in Central American written by Anthony A. Churchill and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central America Integrat written by Royce Q. Shaw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study challenges several widely held assumptions about Central American economic integration, arguing that the key to understanding the failure of the integration program lies in neither advanced economic nor regional integration theory, but in the domestic politics of the states involved. Thus, the author contends that the Common Market was not the cause of the balance-of-payments and balanced-growth crises in Central America; rather, domestic political forces were the major factor in the collapse of the market and the subsequent attempts at restructuring. Professor Shaw disputes the standard interpretations of the role of the technocrats in the integration process and demonstrates that the domestic political elites played an important role throughout. He also challenges the assumption that economic integration is always a force for conciliation, pointing out that the Common Market aggravated some of the conflicts that led to war between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969. Nor are integration programs among less developed countries necessarily instruments of political and social change, according to this analysis; on the contrary, political elites used the Common Market to bypass the internal economic reforms necessary for national development. This study incorporates new material—interview data and other primary source material—on events of the past eight years.
Download or read book Central America written by Don R. Hoy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Road Funds and Road User Charges in the CAREC Region written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication explores how roads are financed in five Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) program countries and outlines lessons and best practices to help build a robust road network throughout the region. The publication details how road funds are managed in Azerbaijan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Pakistan, and Uzbekistan, and explains how earmarked road user charges help finance maintenance and repair. It recommends countries create road asset management systems to prioritize roads with the highest economic returns, boost data collection, and increase the efficiency and transparency of road fund financing.
Download or read book Road User and Mitigation Costs in Highway Pavement Projects written by David Leonard Lewis and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1999 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis report will be of interest to transportation agency planners; design, construction, and maintenance engineers; and administrators, managers, economists, and other decisionmakers involved in programming highway pavement projects. This synthesis describes current practice with regard to road user and mitigation costs in highway pavement projects. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying U.S. and Canadian transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search of both domestic and foreign publications. This report of the Transportation Research Board provides detailed information on the various methods employed by transportation agencies to estimate user costs. The advantages and disadvantages of each are reported. Information on the various components of user costs (that is, time related, vehicle operating, safety, and environmental costs) is also included. In addition, the study reports on the various mitigation strategies available to agencies to reduce user costs. Information is also provided on how user costs and mitigation strategies have been applied to evaluate different alternatives; and how uncertainties, political considerations, and quality control contribute to the decisionmaking process.
Download or read book Congestion Charging Mechanisms for Roads written by Timothy Doe-Kwong Hau and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vikalpa written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Limits to Travel written by David Metz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly readable but challenging perspective on the established conventions of transport policy planning and economic appraisal ... a fascinating tour d'horizon of topical transport issues.? David Quarmby CBE chairman of the Independent Transport Commission?David Metz again challenges conventional thinking in transport through a fundamental reinterpretation of the limits of travel time and human mobility arguing that there should be maximum limits set for mobility if we are to avoid unacceptable environmental damage.? David Banister professor of transport studies Oxford University 'The firs.
Download or read book Cashing in on a Second Home in Central America written by Tom Kelly and published by eBookIt.com. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central America is as different as the readers of this book. The region is an absolute paradox. It may be all that you imagine, but surprisingly, it is much more than one could ever embrace. It is more than the long and winding territory that connects North and South America. To the typical North American, the area conjures up vivid and varied images. On the geographical side, a mountainous area with volcanoes, colonial cities, jungles, and, of course, bananas and coffee. On the political front, turmoil, dictatorships and instability. On the economic front, rich versus poor, agriculture-based economies, and sweatshops where United States garments are manufactured and exported. It is a complex and fascinating place, home to 41 million people with a total gross domestic product of about $88 billion. How do you begin to categorize such a dramatic and extraordinary For starters, this region geographically encompasses seven countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. These countries have many mysterious cities and fascinating destinations that you could only hope to place them on the map in your mind.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Transportation written by Mark Garrett and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 2000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viewing transportation through the lens of current social, economic, and policy aspects, this four-volume reference work explores the topic of transportation across multiple disciplines within the social sciences and related areas, including geography, public policy, business, and economics. The book’s articles, all written by experts in the field, seek to answer such questions as: What has been the legacy, not just economically but politically and socially as well, of President Eisenhower’s modern interstate highway system in America? With that system and the infrastructure that supports it now in a state of decline and decay, what’s the best path for the future at a time of enormous fiscal constraints? Should California politicians plunge ahead with plans for a high-speed rail that every expert says—despite the allure—will go largely unused and will never pay back the massive investment while at this very moment potholes go unfilled all across the state? What path is best for emerging countries to keep pace with dramatic economic growth for their part? What are the social and financial costs of gridlock in our cities? Features: Approximately 675 signed articles authored by prominent scholars are arranged in A-to-Z fashion and conclude with Further Readings and cross references. A Chronology helps readers put individual events into historical context; a Reader’s Guide organizes entries by broad topical or thematic areas; a detailed index helps users quickly locate entries of most immediate interest; and a Resource Guide provides a list of journals, books, and associations and their websites. While articles were written to avoid jargon as much as possible, a Glossary provides quick definitions of technical terms. To ensure full, well-rounded coverage of the field, the General Editor with expertise in urban planning, public policy, and the environment worked alongside a Consulting Editor with a background in Civil Engineering. The index, Reader’s Guide, and cross references combine for thorough search-and-browse capabilities in the electronic edition. Available in both print and electronic formats, Encyclopedia of Transportation is an ideal reference for libraries and those who want to explore the issues that surround transportation in the United States and around the world.
Download or read book Transport Planning in Developing Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The World Rubber Economy written by Enzo R. Grilli and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliograf a Nacional Nicarag ense 1800 1978 written by Latin American Bibliographic Foundation (Redlands, Calif.) and published by Redlands, Calif. : Latin American Bibliographic Foundation ; Managua, D.N., Nicaragua : Biblioteca Nacional Rubén Darío. This book was released on 1986 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
