Download or read book RNAi and MicroRNA Mediated Gene Regulation in Stem Cells written by Baohong Zhang and published by Methods in Molecular Biology. This book was released on 2010-08-16 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cutting-edge text will be a valuable resource for scientists and aspiring graduate students interested in the intersection of RNAi, miRNA, and stem cell molecular biology and exciting areas of research such as regenerative medicine and cancer.
Download or read book Cellular RNA Interference Mechanisms written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-08-12 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores some of the most exciting recent advances in basic research on cellular RNA interference mechanisms and how this knowledge is leading to advances in the various fields. - This series provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas - Contributions from leading scholars and industry experts - Reference guide for researchers involved in molecular biology and related fields
Download or read book Current Perspectives in microRNAs miRNA written by Shao-Yao Ying and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-12 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly 97% of the human genome is the non-coding DNA, which varies from one species to another, and changes in these sequences are frequently noticed to manifest clinical and circumstantial malfunction. Numerous non-protein-coding genes are recently found to encode microRNAs, which are responsible for RNA-mediated gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi)-like pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small single-stranded 17–25 nucleotide RNAs capable of interfering with intracellular messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that contain either complete or partial complementarity, are useful for the design of new therapies against cancer polymorphism and viral mutation. Currently over 1000 native miRNA species found in vertebrates and many more new miRNA homologs continue to be identified; however, most of their functions remain to be determined. In this book, many new perspectives of the miRNA research are reviewed and discussed, including their roles in stem cell maintenance, embryonic development, tissue differentiation, adult physiology, disease pathology, cancer research, viral infection, genetic engineering in plants, and utility in cosmetic applications. These new findings may not only provide significant insight into the various mechanisms of miRNAs but also offer a great opportunity in developing new therapeutic interventions.
Download or read book The Role of MicroRNA mediated Gene Regulation in Development written by Russell Posner and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the face of random perturbations in environment as well as genetic mutations, complex organisms manage to maintain remarkably robust developmental stability. Despite originating from a single cell and sharing a common genome, tissue-based organisms contain many different cellular phenotypes. The robustness of the developmental programs of these organisms depends on their underlying gene regulatory network (GRN), which is composed of a diverse set of mechanisms that help the cell achieve a desired state and stay there. One curiosity of tissue-based organisms is their near-universal dependence on non-coding RNAs, of which the largest class is the 18-22nt long microRNAs (miRNAs). These short RNAs typically, but not always, repress the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into functional proteins in a sequence-specific manner. Nonetheless, identifying the relationship between tissue-based organism development and miRNAs has been challenging. Within a single model organism, a large number of synthesis and functional pathways contribute to this overall effect. Furthermore, despite their overall dependence on miRNAs, it has been demonstrated that only a small subset of the total set of DNA-encoded miRNAs (the miRNAome) is required for proper development, and the loss of individual miRNAs often causes no change in phenotype. This dissertation aims to postulate a "fundamental law of miRNAs" in the development of these organisms. The complexities of miRNA-mediated gene regulation can often obscure their commonalities; by using a common abstraction of GRNs and gene expression, my aim is to show that miRNA-mediated regulation is innately tied to the notion of stem cells and cell differentiation. Using a multiple different models of gene expression and cell differentiation, I show how the specific type of regulation imparted by miRNAs can help create a stable, undifferentiated state and control the duration of that state. This role for miRNAs is supported independently by each model and agrees with experimentally-observed data.
Download or read book Regulation of microRNAs written by Helge Großhans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-10 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given this pervasiveness and importance of miRNA-mediated gene regulation, it should come as little surprise that miRNAs themselves are also highly regulated. However, the recent explosion of knowledge on this topic has been remarkable, providing a primary motivation for publication of this book. As miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, the enzyme that also generates mRNAs, it was perhaps not unexpected that miRNA transcription would be subject to regulation, and we have willfully mitted this aspect from this monograph. However, what has been unexpected is the extent of post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs that is illustrated in this book.
Download or read book RNAi and Small Regulatory RNAs in Stem Cells written by Baohong Zhang and published by Humana. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed collection provides an accessible compendium of up-to-date methods focused on the study of RNAi and small regulatory miRNAs in stem cells. Beginning with a brief introductory section, the volume continues by exploring methods and protocols for RNAi screening, transfection, and the knockdown of specific genes and pathways in several animal species, including humans and mice, recently developed methods for miRNA expression and functional analysis, as well as usage of CRISPR/Cas 9 to knockout an individual gene for functional studies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, list of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Practical and authoritative, RNAi and Small Regulatory RNAs in Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols aims to accelerate progress in this crucial field by reducing the time required to decipher and put into practice procedures published in the literature.
Download or read book Regulation of Gene Expression by Small RNAs written by Rajesh K. Gaur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Findings Revolutionize Concepts of Gene FunctionEndogenous small RNAs have been found in various organisms, including humans, mice, flies, worms, fungi, and bacteria. Furthermore, it's been shown that microRNAs acting as cellular rheostats have the ability to modulate gene expression. In higher eukaryotes, microRNAs may regulate as much as 50 p
Download or read book MicroRNA in Development and in the Progression of Cancer written by Shree Ram Singh and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: miRNAs are a class of endogenous, small non-protein coding RNA molecules (~ 22 nucleotides) which are novel post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Since we have hundreds of miRNAs, the major challenge is now to understand their specific biological function. In fact the experimental evidence suggests that signaling pathways could be ideal candidates for miRNA-mediated regulation. Several studies suggest that miRNAs affect the responsiveness of cells to signaling molecules such as WNT, Notch, TGF-β and EGFR. Altered expression of particular miRNAs has been implicated in the onset and development of cancer and could be used as potential biomarkers for the disease. Recently, many studies have found miRNAs have crucial regulatory roles in Cancer stem cells (CSCs) a kind of tumor initiating cells (TICs) and dormancy. Findings also suggest that DNA methylation may be important in regulating the expression of many miRNAs in several cancer initiating cells. Several miRNAs are known to either upregulated or downregulated in CSCs when compared to non-cancerous cells from the same tissues. CSCs are a small subpopulation of cells identified in a variety of tumors and involve in self-renewal, differentiation, chemoresistance and tumorigenesis. The volume will give a comprehensive account of important advancements in the area of miRNAs and cancer.
Download or read book RNAi Technology written by R. K. Gaur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RNAi technology is used for large-scale screens that systematically shut down each gene in the cell, which can help identify the components necessary for a particular cellular process or an event such as cell division. Exploitation of the pathway is also a promising tool in biotechnology and medicine. Introducing new technology in the study of RNA
Download or read book Plant MicroRNAs written by Stefan de Folter and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed volume provides a collection of protocols for the study of miRNA functions in plants. Beginning with coverage of miRNA function, biogenesis, activity, and evolution in plants, the book continues by guiding readers through methods on the identification and detection of plant miRNAs, bioinformatic analyses, and strategies for functional analyses of miRNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Plant MicroRNAs: Method and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital area of plant science.
Download or read book RNA Interference from Biology to Therapeutics written by Kenneth A. Howard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enormous potential of siRNA as a therapeutic has led to an explosion of interest from the scientific community. There has been intense interest from Big Pharma to capitalise on this new technology but the fact remains that delivery is a key determinant in realizing the full clinical potential of RNA interference. There is an urgent need for better delivery methods to take this technology forward. This book addresses the role of different RNAi molecules in cellular processes as rational for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This book will cover RNAi therapeutic design to optimize siRNA potency and reduce off-target effects and current delivery technologies to overcome both intracellular and extracellular barriers. The reader will gain an insight into RNA interference from the cellular mechanisms to screening to siRNA design right through to diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Download or read book Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Stem Cells written by Gary Hime and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the latest findings on transcriptional and translational regulation of stem cells. Both transcriptional activators and repressors have been shown to be crucial for the maintenance of the stem cell state. A key element of stem cell maintenance is repression of differentiation factors or developmental genes – achieved transcriptionally, epigenetically by the Polycomb complex, and post-transcriptionally by RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs. This volume takes two approaches to this topic – (1) illustrating the general principles outlined above through a series of different stem cell examples – embryonic, iPS and adult stem cells, and (2) describing several molecular families that have been shown to have roles in regulation of multiple stem cell populations.
Download or read book MicroRNA Cancer Regulation written by Ulf Schmitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited reflects the current state of knowledge about the role of microRNAs in the formation and progression of solid tumours. The main focus lies on computational methods and applications, together with cutting edge experimental techniques that are used to approach all aspects of microRNA regulation in cancer. We are sure that the emergence of high-throughput quantitative techniques will make this integrative approach absolutely necessary in the near future. This book will be a resource for researchers starting out with cancer microRNA research, but is also intended for the experienced researcher who wants to incorporate concepts and tools from systems biology and bioinformatics into his work. Bioinformaticians and modellers are provided with a general perspective on microRNA biology in cancer, and the state-of-the-art in computational microRNA biology.
Download or read book MicroRNA Protocols written by Shao-Yao Ying and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MicroRNA Protocols provides diverse, novel, and useful descriptions of miRNAs in several species, including plants, worms, flies, fish, chicks, mice, and humans. These include some useful adaptations and applications that could be relevant to the wider research community who are already familiar with the identification of miRNAs. This volume will stimulate the reader to explore diverse ways to understanding the mechanism in which miRNAs facilitate the molecular aspects of the biomedical research.
Download or read book MicroRNAs in Development and Cancer written by Frank J. Slack and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MicroRNAs have recently emerged as key regulators of gene expression during development and are frequently misexpressed in human disease states, in particular cancer. These 22-nucleotide-long transcripts act to promote or repress cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis during development, all of which are processes that go awry in cancer. Thus, microRNAs have the ability to behave like oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In addition, their small size and molecular properties make them amenable as targets and therapeutics in cancer treatment. This book goes into detail on how microRNAs represent a paradigm shift in thinking about gene regulation during development and disease, and provide the oncologist with a potentially powerful new battery of agents to diagnose and treat cancer.
Download or read book MicroRNAs in Development written by Eran Hornstein and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume in the Current topics in Developmental Biology series concentrates on MicroRNAs in Development. It includes chapters on such topics as miRNA networks in neuronal development, let-7 in development, and Hox networks and miRNA. With an international team of authors, this volume is a must-have addition for researchers and students alike. Concentrates on microRNAs in development Includes chapters on such topics as miRNA networks in neuronal development, let-7 in development, and Hox networks and miRNA With an international team of authors, this volume is a must-have addition for researchers and students alike
Download or read book MicroRNA in Regenerative Medicine written by Chandan K. Sen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-05-08 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulating virtually all biological processes, the genome's 2,654 newly discovered variants of mature microRNAs – short ribonucleic acid molecules found in eukaryotic cells – hold a key role in the body's toolkit of regenerative and reparative capacities. Identifying how to activate and deliver these specialist molecules may aid in the repair and regeneration of major tissue and organ damage in future therapies. In MicroRNA and Regenerative Medicine, Second Edition, over 50 leading experts address foundational and emerging topics in the field. Concisely summarizing and evaluating key findings from new research and their translational application, contributors examine current and future significance of clinical research in the miRNA area. Coverage encompasses all major aspects of fundamental stem cell and developmental biology, including the uses of miRNA in cell and tissue plasticity, developmental biology, tissue repair, and regeneration. In particular, contributors provide focused coverage of methodologies for regenerative intervention and tissue engineering. Topics new to this edition include proteomic changes during tissue repair and regeneration, horizontal transfer of miRNAs in tissue regeneration, tissue stemness, peripheral nerve regeneration, miRNA as biomarkers, microRNA in pregnancy and embryo development, exogenous and diet derived microRNA in tissue development, ocular microRNA, mitochondrial microRNA, sensory hair cell death and regeneration, and microRNA in senescence. - Features chapter contributions from international leaders in the field, covering the spectrum from bench to bedside - Includes short, applied chapters offering focused discussion and practical examples - Incorporates multi-color text layout with more than 150 color figures to illustrate important findings
