Download or read book Risk return Tradeoffs and Managerial Incentives written by David Tsui and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral hazard theory posits that managerial risk aversion imposes agency costs on shareholders, and firms respond by providing risk-taking incentives to mitigate these costs. The underlying assumption in this literature is that increasing shareholder value requires increasing risk, yet there is limited empirical evidence supporting this assumption or the role of such risk-return tradeoffs in incentive compensation design. Using measures based on the firm's stock price, I find that shareholder value increases with risk, consistent with managerial risk aversion imposing agency costs on shareholders. I also find that firms provide managers with more risk-taking incentives when this risk-return relation is more positive and thus potential risk-related agency costs are more severe. This finding is strongest among firms where value increases with idiosyncratic rather than systematic risk, consistent with theory that these agency costs arise primarily from managers' exposure to idiosyncratic risk. Overall, these results are consistent with firms designing managerial compensation contracts to mitigate risk-related agency costs. Additional findings highlight that the incentives from equity-based compensation depend on the risk-return tradeoffs that managers face, providing one explanation for the conflicting results in prior literature regarding the incentives from managerial stock price exposure.
Download or read book Managerial Incentives Risk Aversion and Corporate Policy Decisions written by Scott McKnight and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Offsetting the Incentives written by Suleyman Basak and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Money managers are rewarded for increasing the value of assets under management, and predominantly so in the mutual fund industry. This gives the manager an implicit incentive to exploit the well-documented positive fund-flows to relative-performance relationship by manipulating her risk exposure. In a dynamic portfolio framework, we show that as the year-end approaches, the ensuing convexities in the manager's objective induce her to closely mimic the index, relative to which her performance is evaluated, when the fund's year-to-date return is sufficiently high. As her relative performance falls behind, she chooses to deviate from the index by either increasing or decreasing the volatility of her portfolio. The maximum deviation is achieved at a critical level of underperformance. It may be optimal for the manager to reach such deviation via selling the risky asset despite its positive risk premium. Under multiple sources of risk, with both systematic and idiosyncratic risks present, we show that optimal managerial risk shifting may not necessarily involve taking on any idiosyncratic risk. Costs of misaligned incentives to investors resulting from the manager's policy are economically significant. We then demonstrate how a simple risk management practice that accounts for benchmarking can ameliorate the adverse effects of managerial incentives.
Download or read book Optimal Risk Return Trade Offs of Commercial Banks written by Jochen Kühn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-28 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book criticizes the fact that profitability measures derived from capital market models such as the Sharpe ratio and the reward-to-VaR ratio are proposed for loan portfolios, although it is not proven whether their risk-return trade-offs are optimal for banks. The authors demonstrate that even the reward-to-VaR ratio, which is developed for valuating loan portfolios, can be highly misleading. They also show how market discipline, capital requirements, and insured deposits affect decision-making.
Download or read book Brookings Wharton Papers on Financial Services 2000 written by Robert E. Litan and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third in a series of annual volumes on the financial sector from the Brookings Institution and the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania explores the ongoing process of globalization in the financial services industry. Leading financial experts from the corporate, government, and academic communities examine global trends in banking, in reinsurance industries, and in securities markets; the challenges these trends pose for national regulations; the evolution of global accounting standards; the alleged effects of global hedge funds on capital flows into and out of emerging markets; and the erosion of legal barriers to the establishment of foreign financial services firms around the world.Opening remarks by Secretary of the Treasury Lawrence Summers present both national security and economic arguments for direct American support for increased global interdependence in trade in goods and services, including U.S. support for international financial institutions.
Download or read book Executive Compensation and Business Policy Choices at U S Commercial Banks written by Robert DeYoung and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines whether and how the terms of CEO compensation contracts at large commercial banks between 1994 and 2006 influenced, or were influenced by, the risky business policy decisions made by these firms. The authors find strong evidence that bank CEOs responded to contractual risk-taking incentives by taking more risk; bank boards altered CEO compensation to encourage executives to exploit new growth opportunities; and bank boards set CEO incentives in a manner designed to moderate excessive risk-taking. These relationships are strongest during the second half of the author¿s sample, after deregulation and technological change had expanded banks' capacities for risk-taking. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Algorithms for Worst Case Design and Applications to Risk Management written by Berç Rustem and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing that robust decision making is vital in risk management, this book provides concepts and algorithms for computing the best decision in view of the worst-case scenario. The main tool used is minimax, which ensures robust policies with guaranteed optimal performance that will improve further if the worst case is not realized. The applications considered are drawn from finance, but the design and algorithms presented are equally applicable to problems of economic policy, engineering design, and other areas of decision making. Critically, worst-case design addresses not only Armageddon-type uncertainty. Indeed, the determination of the worst case becomes nontrivial when faced with numerous--possibly infinite--and reasonably likely rival scenarios. Optimality does not depend on any single scenario but on all the scenarios under consideration. Worst-case optimal decisions provide guaranteed optimal performance for systems operating within the specified scenario range indicating the uncertainty. The noninferiority of minimax solutions--which also offer the possibility of multiple maxima--ensures this optimality. Worst-case design is not intended to necessarily replace expected value optimization when the underlying uncertainty is stochastic. However, wise decision making requires the justification of policies based on expected value optimization in view of the worst-case scenario. Conversely, the cost of the assured performance provided by robust worst-case decision making needs to be evaluated relative to optimal expected values. Written for postgraduate students and researchers engaged in optimization, engineering design, economics, and finance, this book will also be invaluable to practitioners in risk management.
Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Strategic Risk Management written by Torben Andersen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing risk in and across organizations has always been of vital importance, both for individual firms and for the globalized economy more generally. With the global financial crisis, a dramatic lesson was learnt about what happens when risk is underestimated, misinterpreted, or even overlooked. Many possible solutions have been competing for international recognition, yet, there is little empirical evidence to support the purported effectiveness of these regulations and structured control approaches, which leaves the field wide open for further interpretation and conceptual development. This comprehensive book pulls together a team of experts from around the world in a range of key disciplines such as management, economics and accounting, to provide a comprehensive resource detailing everything that needs to be known in this emerging area. With no single text currently available, the book fills a much needed gap in our current understanding of strategic risk management, offering the potential to advance research efforts and enhance our approaches to effective risk management practices. Edited by a globally recognized expert on strategic risk management, this book will be an essential reference for students, researchers, and professionals with an interest in risk management, strategic management and finance.
Download or read book Enterprise Risk Management written by James Lam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-18 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fully revised second edition focused on the best practices of enterprise risk management Since the first edition of Enterprise Risk Management: From Incentives to Controls was published a decade ago, much has changed in the worlds of business and finance. That's why James Lam has returned with a new edition of this essential guide. Written to reflect today's dynamic market conditions, the Second Edition of Enterprise Risk Management: From Incentives to Controls clearly puts this discipline in perspective. Engaging and informative, it skillfully examines both the art as well as the science of effective enterprise risk management practices. Along the way, it addresses the key concepts, processes, and tools underlying risk management, and lays out clear strategies to manage what is often a highly complex issue. Offers in-depth insights, practical advice, and real-world case studies that explore the various aspects of ERM Based on risk management expert James Lam's thirty years of experience in this field Discusses how a company should strive for balance between risk and return Failure to properly manage risk continues to plague corporations around the world. Don't let it hurt your organization. Pick up the Second Edition of Enterprise Risk Management: From Incentives to Controls and learn how to meet the enterprise-wide risk management challenge head on, and succeed.
Download or read book Risk Management in Volatile Financial Markets written by Franco Bruni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: intense competition on banks and other financial institutions, as a period of oligopoly ends: more rather than less innovation is needed to help share undi versifiable risks, with more attention to correlations between different risks. Charles Goodhart of the London School of Economics (LSE), while ques tioning the idea that volatility has increased, concludes that structural changes have made regulation more problematic and calls for improved information availability on derivatives transactions. In a thirteen country case study of the bond market turbulence of 1994, Bo rio and McCauley of the BIS pin the primary causes of the market decline on the market's own dynamics rather than on variations in market participants' apprehensions about economic fundamentals. Colm Kearney of the Univer sity of Western Sydney, after a six country study of volatility in economic and financial variables, concludes that more international collaboration in man aging financial volatility (other than in foreign exchange markets) is needed in Europe. Finally, Stokman and Vlaar of the Dutch central bank investigate the empirical evidence for the interaction between volatility and international transactions in real and financial assets for the Netherlands, concluding that such influence depends on the chosen volatility measure. The authors sug gest that there are no strong arguments for international restrictions to reduce volatility. INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES AND PRACTICES The six papers in Part C focus on what market participants are doing to manage risk.
Download or read book Risk Management written by Walter V. "Bud" Haslett, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-10-05 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key readings in risk management from CFA Institute, the preeminent organization representing financial analysts Risk management may have been the single most important topic in finance over the past two decades. To appreciate its complexity, one must understand the art as well as the science behind it. Risk Management: Foundations for a Changing Financial World provides investment professionals with a solid framework for understanding the theory, philosophy, and development of the practice of risk management by Outlining the evolution of risk management and how the discipline has adapted to address the future of managing risk Covering the full range of risk management issues, including firm, portfolio, and credit risk management Examining the various aspects of measuring risk and the practical aspects of managing risk Including key writings from leading risk management practitioners and academics, such as Andrew Lo, Robert Merton, John Bogle, and Richard Bookstaber For financial analysts, money managers, and others in the finance industry, this book offers an in-depth understanding of the critical topics and issues in risk management that are most important to today’s investment professionals.
Download or read book Journal of Applied Corporate Finance written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book QFINANCE written by Bloomsbury Publishing and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 7101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: QFINANCE: The Ultimate Resource (5th edition) is the first-step reference for the finance professional or student of finance. Its coverage and author quality reflect a fine blend of practitioner and academic expertise, whilst providing the reader with a thorough education in the may facets of finance.
Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Hedge Funds written by Greg N. Gregoriou and published by Beard Books. This book was released on 2003 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains incisive articles dealing with quantitative and qualitative analyses of hedge funds.
Download or read book Corporate Risk Management written by Donald H. Chew and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than thirty leading scholars and finance practitioners discuss the theory and practice of using enterprise-risk management (ERM) to increase corporate values. ERM is the corporate-wide effort to manage the right-hand side of the balance sheet a firm's total liability structure-in ways that enable management to make the most of the firm's assets. While typically working to stabilize cash flows, the primary aim of a well-designed risk management program is not to smooth corporate earnings, but to limit the possibility that surprise outcomes can threaten a company's ability to fund its major investments and carry out its strategic plan. Contributors summarize the development and use of risk management products and their practical applications. Case studies involve Merck, British Petroleum, the American airline industry, and United Grain Growers, and the conclusion addresses a variety of topics that include the pricing and use of certain derivative securities, hybrid debt, and catastrophe bonds. Contributors: Tom Aabo (Aarhus School of Business); Albéric Braas and Charles N. Bralver (Oliver, Wyman & Company); Keith C. Brown (University of Texas at Austin); David A. Carter (Oklahoma State University); Christopher L. Culp (University of Chicago); Neil A. Doherty (University of Pennsylvania); John R. S. Fraser (Hyrdo One, Inc.); Kenneth R. French (University of Chicago); Gerald D. Gay (Georgia State University); Jeremy Gold (Jeremy Gold Pensions); Scott E. Harrington (University of South Carolina); J. B. Heaton (Bartlit Beck Herman Palenchar & Scott LLP); Joel Houston (University of Florida); Nick Hudson (Stern Stewart & Co.); Christopher James (University of Florida); A. John Kearney and Judy C. Lewent (Merck & Co., Inc.); Robert C. Merton and Lisa K. Meulbroek (Harvard Business School); Merton H. Miller (University of Chicago); Jouahn Nam (Pace University); Andrea M. P. Neves (CP Risk Management LLC); Brian W. Nocco (Nationwide Insurance); André F. Perold (Harvard Business School); S. Waite Rawls III (Continental Bank); Kenneth J. Risko (Willis Risk Solutions); Angelika Schöchlin (University of St. Gallen); Betty J. Simkins (Oklahoma State University); Donald J. Smith (Boston University); Clifford W. Smith Jr. (University of Rochester); Charles W. Smithson (Continental Bank); René M. Stulz (Ohio State University); D. S All the articles that comprise this book were first published in the Journal of Applied Corporate Finance. Morgan Stanley's ownership of the journal is a reflection of its commitment to identifying outstanding academic research and promoting its application in the practicing corporate and investment communities.
Download or read book Regulatory Distress Costs and Risk taking at U S Commercial Banks written by Robert DeYoung and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Accounting and Risk written by Margaret Woods and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To date, there has been little consideration of the many different ways in which accounting and risk intersect, despite organisations being more determined than ever to build resilience against potential risks. This comprehensive volume overcomes this gap by providing an overview of the field, drawing together current knowledge of risk in a wide range of different accounting contexts. Key themes such as corporate governance, trust, uncertainty and climate change are covered by a global array of contributing scholars. These contributions are divided into four areas: The broader aspects of risk and risk management Risk in financial reporting Risk in management accounting Risk monitoring The book is supported by a series of illustrative case studies which help to bring together theory and practice. With its wealth of examples and analyses, this volume provides essential reading for students, scholars and practitioners charged with understanding diverse facets of risk in the context of accounting in the business world.
