Download or read book Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in the Women s Health Initiative written by Robert Eugene Gramling and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Breast cancer represents a major public health burden in the United States and known risk factors only explain half of the risk for developing the disease. This dissertation comprises three studies designed to improve understanding of factors that influence breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women. Study One examines the relation between systemic inflammation, as measured by white blood cell count, and the risk of invasive breast cancer. During a mean follow-up period of 5.6 years, we observed a null relation among the 16,608 participants in the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trial of hormone replacement therapy (HRWBC Quartile 4 v Quartiles 1-3 = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.83, 1.35). Study Two examines the degree to which familial predisposition interacts with hormone replacement therapy on the occurrence of invasive breast cancer. Among the same trial participants as Study One, we observed a negligible departure from the additive effects of each factor taken separately (Interaction Contrast = 0.002; 95% CI = -0.014, 0.018). Study Three investigates whether women's adherence to a set of breast cancer preventive behaviors decreases the rate of breast cancers that are attributable to a later-onset family history (i.e. having a 1st degree relative diagnosed with breast cancer after the age of 45 years). Among 85,644 women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, we found no evidence to support such an interaction (Interaction Contrast = 0.00014; 95% CI = -0.00359, 0.00388).
Download or read book Diet and Breast Cancer written by American Institute for Cancer Research and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth annual American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) conference on diet, nutrition and cancer was held at the L'Enfant Plaza Hotel in Washington, D. C. , September 2~3, 1993. In keeping with present concerns and in line with current trends, the theme was "Diet and Breast Cancer. " This proceedings volume is comprised of chapters from the platform presentations of the two day conference and abstracts from the poster session held at the end of the first day. Experimentally, there is sufficient evidence to support a relationship between dietary fat and the risk of breast cancer. A meta-analysis was provided by data from 114 experiments with over 10,000 animals, divided into groups fed ad libitum on diets with different levels or sources of fat, or different levels of energy restriction. This exercise suggested that linoleic acid was a major determinant of mammary tumor development but that other fatty acids also enhanced mammary tumor development in animals. However, as mentioned by several speakers, results from epidemiological studies often are conflicting, thus leading to confusion among both health professionals and the public. Surveys of specific populations which have migrated from countries with low breast cancer rates to those with higher rates are often some of the most compelling studies with respect to a high fat diet-breast cancer association. Nonetheless, various cohort and prospective studies, some quite large, did not appear to show a relationship between consumption of fat (any type) and breast cancer.
Download or read book Feminine Forever written by Robert A. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2000-07 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of the NIH Women s Health Initiative written by Committee to Review the NIH Women's Health Initiative and published by . This book was released on 1993-01-15 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Institutes of Health Women's Health Initiative (WHI) is the largest research study ever funded by NIH ($625 million over 14 years) and is designed to test strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, and osteoporotic fracturesâ€"leading causes of death, disability, and decreased quality of life for older women. Although the WHI has already begun, serious questions remain about its design, cost, and the likelihood that it can answer the questions it asks. This book evaluates whether the effort can be justified scientifically.
Download or read book The Controversy over Hormone Replacement Therapy Evaluating Related Risk of Breast Cancer and Other Diseases written by and published by Am Cncl on Science, Health. This book was released on with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk written by R.D. Mann and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-07-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers a topic of considerable current interest and presents many of the most significant research findings available to date. Workers at the forefront of research on hormone replacement therapy and the implications for the risk of breast cancer were invited to attend a special Conference at the Royal Society of Medicine in London in September, 1991, where the latest data were presented to a distinguished audience and the implications of this research were discussed. The volume reviews various aspects of HRT and breast cancer, the physiology of the menopause, the current use of HRT in practice, osteoporosis and epidemiology and presents results from a range of European, American and Australian studies on the role of breast cancer and HRT, finishing with an overview of benefits, use and cost-effectiveness and a general summary. The book represents a definitive statement of current knowledge in this field and an informative update on the implications of recent research. It will be a valuable addition of special significance to the libraries of all those concerned with hormone replacement therapy and the study of breast cancer.
Download or read book Breast Cancer and the Environment written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-20 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer remains the most common invasive cancer among women. The primary patients of breast cancer are adult women who are approaching or have reached menopause; 90 percent of new cases in U.S. women in 2009 were diagnosed at age 45 or older. Growing knowledge of the complexity of breast cancer stimulated a transition in breast cancer research toward elucidating how external factors may influence the etiology of breast cancer. Breast Cancer and the Environment reviews the current evidence on a selection of environmental risk factors for breast cancer, considers gene-environment interactions in breast cancer, and explores evidence-based actions that might reduce the risk of breast cancer. The book also recommends further integrative research into the elements of the biology of breast development and carcinogenesis, including the influence of exposure to a variety of environmental factors during potential windows of susceptibility during the full life course, potential interventions to reduce risk, and better tools for assessing the carcinogenicity of environmental factors. For a limited set of risk factors, evidence suggests that action can be taken in ways that may reduce risk for breast cancer for many women: avoiding unnecessary medical radiation throughout life, avoiding the use of some forms of postmenopausal hormone therapy, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, increasing physical activity, and minimizing weight gain. Breast Cancer and the Environment sets a direction and a focus for future research efforts. The book will be of special interest to medical researchers, patient advocacy groups, and public health professionals.
Download or read book Research on Women s Health written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Women s Health Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though slightly over half of the U.S. population is female, medical research historically has neglected the health needs of women. However, over the past two decades, there have been major changes in government support of women's health research-in policies, regulations, and the organization of research efforts. To assess the impact of these changes, Congress directed the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to ask the IOM to examine what has been learned from that research and how well it has been put into practice as well as communicated to both providers and women. Women's Health Research finds that women's health research has contributed to significant progress over the past 20 years in lessening the burden of disease and reducing deaths from some conditions, while other conditions have seen only moderate change or even little or no change. Gaps remain, both in research areas and in the application of results to benefit women in general and across multiple population groups. Given the many and significant roles women play in our society, maintaining support for women's health research and enhancing its impact are not only in the interest of women, they are in the interest of us all.
Download or read book Breasts The Owner s Manual written by Kristi Funk and published by Thomas Nelson. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A national bestseller! Breast cancer surgeon Dr. Kristi Funk offers a comprehensive and encouraging approach to breast care and breast cancer. Empower yourself with facts and strategies to understand your breasts, reduce your cancer risk, and open your eyes to interventions and treatments. Most women don’t want to hear about breast cancer unless they have it and need to make some decisions, but these days news about breast cancer—the number one killer of women ages twenty to fifty-nine—is everywhere. Chances are you know someone who has had it. But did you know that choices you make every day bring you closer to breast cancer—or move you farther away? That there are ways to reduce your risk factors? And that many of the things you’ve heard regarding the causes of breast cancer are flat-out false? Based on Dr. Kristi Funk’s experience as a board-certified breast cancer surgeon, she knows for a fact that women have the power to reduce breast cancer risk in dramatic ways. Many women believe that family history and genetics determine who gets breast cancer, but that’s not true for most people. In fact, 87 percent of women diagnosed with breast cancer do not have a single first-degree relative with breast cancer. This book will help you: Learn the breast-health basics that every woman should know Reduce your cancer risk and recurrence risk based on food choices and healthy lifestyle changes backed by rigorous scientific research Understand the controllable and uncontrollable risk factors for breast cancer Outline your medical choices if you're at elevated risk for or are already navigating life with breast cancer There have been few solid guidelines on how to improve your breast health, lower your risk of getting cancer, and make informed medical choices after treatment—until now. With her book available in 10 languages and in more than 30 countries, Dr. Funk is passionate about her mission of educating as many women as possible about what they can do to stop breast cancer before it starts. Praise for Breasts: The Owner’s Manual: “Dr. Funk writes Breasts: The Owner’s Manual just like she talks: with conviction, passion, and a laser focus on you.”—Dr. Mehmet Oz, Host of The Dr. Oz Show “Breasts: The Owner’s Manual will become an indispensable and valued guide for women looking to optimize health and minimize breast illness.”—Debu Tripathy, MD, Professor and Chair, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center “Breasts: The Owner’s Manual not only provides a clear path to breast health, but a road that leads straight to your healthiest self. As someone who has faced breast cancer, I suggest you follow it.”—Robin Roberts, Co-anchor, Good Morning America
Download or read book Breast Cancer written by Marianne Doran and published by . This book was released on 2000-04-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Anthropometrics and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women written by Libby Mitsue Morimoto and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Women at High Risk to Breast Cancer written by B.A. Stoll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reprint of the 1989 edition of this book has been made necessary by continuing demand after rapid exhaustion of the first printing. In the two years since its appearance, there has been relatively little expansion of knowledge on this topic, and its massive accumulation of references still remains an authoritative guide in the difficult task of developing a national breast cancer prevention model. At the same time, its thesis has been sharpened by the publication of a companion volume Approaches to Breast Cancer Prevention (Kluwer, 1991) similarly edited byrne. Breast cancer is on the increase throughout the Western world where it is a major source of anxiety among women. The disease is also becoming more frequent in Asian and South American countries where once it was relatively uncommon. Multiple fac tors are suspected of promoting the disease and the increasing risk is attributed to recent changes in life-style and diet. This book is intended to provide an authorita tive and balanced survey of the latest research into the genetic, familial, hormonal, reproductive, nutritional, social and geographic factors known to be associated with an increased predisposition to the disease.
Download or read book Nutritional Hormonal and Psychological Risk Factors for Breast Cancer written by Susan Nicole Boyer Brown and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of a lifetime, one in eight women will develop breast cancer. To date, 30-40% of breast cancer cases can be attributed to established risk factors, which supports the need for identification of additional modifiable risk factors. Therefore, we conducted three epidemiologic studies to examine the associations between nutritional, hormonal, and psychological risk factors and breast cancer risk. In our first study, we examined the relationship between urinary melatonin levels and the risk of breast cancer in a nested-case control study within the Nurses' Health Study II. While limited in some respects, experimental and epidemiologic evidence support the potential relationship between melatonin as a protective factor against breast cancer risk. In this updated analysis of our previously published results with longer follow-up time and a greater sample size, adding cases that occurred more distant from urine collection, we did not observe a significant association between urinary melatonin levels and breast cancer risk. In our second study, we investigated the associations between dairy consumption (overall and by specific dairy products) and circulating hormone levels in the Nurses' Health Study. In this study, we observed a significant positive association between low-fat dairy intake and plasma levels of IGF-I that persisted after adjustment for IGFBP-3, and a significant decrease in SHBG; however, no significant associations emerged between dairy intake and prolactin or sex steroid hormone levels. In our third study, we examined the associations between depressive symptoms, antidepressant (AD) use, and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Depressive symptoms and AD use were associated with a significant increased risk of total breast cancer; however, no association was observed with invasive breast cancer. Depressive symptoms and AD use were each associated with a non-significant increased risk of in situ breast cancer. However, this association appeared due largely to a positive association with in situ breast cancer that was based, at least in part, on increased mammographic screening among exposed women. In summary, these studies add to the growing literature of potentially modifiable risk factors and their relationships with breast cancer risk.
Download or read book Hormone Replacement Therapy Studies written by Sara T. Goulden and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2003-07-29 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work serves those individuals needing thorough and accurate information about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the studies about the downside of its use. It presents research information and scientific data so that health care workers and their female clients can ask informed questions and make intelligent decisions about HRT. This book objectively presents summaries of significant clinical and epidemiological studies of HRT and risks of breast cancer, osteoporosis, heart disease, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and other conditions. Each study is organized by citation of research, researchers/authors, type of study, focus of study, conclusions, findings, researchers' comments, participants and methods. References and a glossary aid readers with terminology and encourage cross-referencing.
Download or read book Antipsychotic Drug Use and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk in the Women s Health Initiative WHI written by Anna George and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer and the second leading cause of mortality, affecting 1 in 9 women in the United States. Recent studies have shown that antipsychotic drug use is associated with increased prolactin levels, which, in turn, is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. However, studies of the association between antipsychotic drug use and the risk of breast cancer are sparse and have largely been conducted in homogenous populations. Therefore, we evaluated this relationship in postmenopausal women (N = 119 524) in a diverse population of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) cohort. Antipsychotic drug use was self-reported and in situ and invasive breast cancer cases were confirmed by medical records for the WHI clinical trial (CT) and the WHI observational study (OS), from 1993 through 2018. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to model breast cancer risk against antipsychotic drug use while adjusting for dietary and lifestyle factors. Overall, antipsychotic users made up 0.41% of this population. There was no overall association between antipsychotic drug use and postmenopausal breast cancer risk (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.73 - 1.40). Among typical antipsychotic drug users, there was a suggested two-fold increased risk in developing in situ breast cancer (HR = 2.02, 95% CI = 0.84, 4.86). Thus, antipsychotic drug use does not appear to increase breast cancer risk overall, but the potential association between antipsychotics and in situ breast cancer merits further study.
Download or read book Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance written by Aamir Ahmad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resistance to therapies, both targeted and systemic, and metastases to distant organs are the underlying causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The second edition of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance brings together some of the leading experts to comprehensively understand breast cancer: the factors that make it lethal, and current research and clinical progress. This volume covers the following core topics: basic understanding of breast cancer (statistics, epidemiology, racial disparity and heterogeneity), metastasis and drug resistance (bone metastasis, trastuzumab resistance, tamoxifen resistance and novel therapeutic targets, including non-coding RNAs, inflammatory cytokines, cancer stem cells, ubiquitin ligases, tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways such as TRAIL, JAK-STAT and mTOR) and recent developments in the field (epigenetic regulation, microRNAs-mediated regulation, novel therapies and the clinically relevant 3D models). Experts also discuss the advances in laboratory research along with their translational and clinical implications with an overarching goal to improve the diagnosis and prognosis, particularly that of breast cancer patients with advanced disease.
