Download or read book Review of the Producer Responsibility Obligations Packaging Waste Regulations 1997 written by Great Britain. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Taxation Law written by John Snape and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theoretical arguments for environmental taxes and other types of economic instruments for environmental protection have been discussed extensively in the literature. Rather less well discussed has been the extremely complex form that such instruments have in fact taken in practice. Environmental Taxation Law: Policy, Contexts and Practice examines the legal implications of introducing environmental taxes and other economic instruments into the regulatory framework of UK law. In doing so, it analyzes and explains the difficulties of grafting environmental taxes onto the complexities of existing regulatory structures, not all of which, of course, were originally devised with environmental considerations in mind. Although the focus of the book is the UK's pioneering implementation of a web of distinct yet interrelated policy measures, it locates the UK's taxes and instruments not simply in their broader context of market and environmental regulation, but also in the contexts of European and international law.
Download or read book Economic Policy Instruments for Plastic Waste written by Magnus Hennlock and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving a high quality of waste plastic materials and recycling processes is a key challenge in closing the resource loops for plastics. This report reviews the status and trends for plastic waste flows and treatment in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Furthermore, it gives an overview of existing policy instruments and the main challenges for designing policy instruments for improved recycling of plastic waste in these Nordic countries. The report identifies potential market failures associated with closing the resource loops for plastics. It reviews the economics research literature on policy instrument design for achieving optimal recycling rates and makes policy recommendations from the Nordic perspective. Finally, it presents results from a survey on market conditions to managers in the recycling and plastic manufacturing industry in Sweden.
Download or read book New Environmental Policy Instruments in the European Union written by Ian Bailey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of legislation by EU governments to define environmental standards for industry has been criticised for its poor track record in arresting the decline in the quality of Europe's environment. Environmental economists in particular have proposed that legislation should be supplemented or replaced by New Environmental Policy Instruments (NEPIs), such as eco-taxes, environmental charges, tradable permits and voluntary agreements. This book focuses on practical experiences with NEPIs in the EU and tests their application using the case study of the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive. It traces the ways in which member states have adapted NEPIs to suit their preferred styles of environmental policy, then assesses their performance and how NEPIs have both assisted and hindered the EU environmental programme. It suggests options for ensuring that the environmental programme does not become fragmented by the use of NEPIs and discusses the implications of EU enlargement.
Download or read book Plastics Product Recycling written by Sara Hulse and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report covers the consumption of plastics in Europe, how much waste plastic is produced, a summary of recent legislation and the various methods of dealing with plastic wastes. The plastics recycling industry in Europe is then reviewed, with an in-depth look at the relevant legislation followed by a summary of the situation in most of the major European countries. The major end-use sectors for plastics and the problem of waste plastics in each are examined in the final section.
Download or read book OECD Environmental Performance Reviews United Kingdom 2002 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-11-13 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review of the United Kingdom's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation.
Download or read book Implementing Domestic Tradeable Permits Recent Developments and Future Challenges written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-08-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of an OECD workshop on domestic tradeable permits which provides an analysis of recent developments in the use of domestic TPs in new areas including climate change, renewable energy, transport, solid waste management, and water resources management.
Download or read book Recycling and Extended Producer Responsibility written by Rui Cunha Marques and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overriding value of European legislation on waste management is the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) principle. For example, all economic operators placing packaging onto the EU market are responsible for its proper management and recovery. However, in general, the collection and treatment of urban waste is the responsibility of local authorities. It has therefore been necessary to establish a system of financial compensations between producers and waste management operators. Analysing the legal and institutional schemes of several member states and accounting for all the costs and benefits to their local authorities due to selective collection and sorting, this book provides an accurate illustration of how the EPR principle has be translated into practice. Firstly the authors examine whether the industry is paying for the net financial cost of 'preparation for recycling' activities or if the extra-costs of recycling are being recovered via the sale of sorted materials, by the consumer through higher prices or by citizens in general through higher taxes. Secondly, by monetizing the net environmental benefits attained with the recycling system, the book discusses the success and Value-for-Money (VfM) of the EU’s recycling policy. In other words: what is the economic rate of return of the enhanced environmental protection achieved due to the fulfilment of recovery and recycling targets?
Download or read book Pre budget 2006 and the Stern Review written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Environmental Audit Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2007-03-19 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the Committee's annual inquiry into the Treasury's Pre-Budget Report (PBR) and the progress made towards achieving environmental objectives with regards to its tax and spending policies, this publication examines the PBR's fiscal policy announcements in relation to the aviation, motoring, waste and energy sectors, focusing on the findings of the Stern Review of the economics of climate change (ISBN 9780102944204) published in October 2006. Amongst the 40 conclusions and recommendations made, the Committee notes that the Stern Review highlights the central problem involved in efforts to address the effects of global warning, that is the need to take action now before the more serious effects have begun to be felt in order to benefit future generations, a problem that will be both practically and politically challenging. The Committee urges the Government to use the Stern Report in order to promote a better informed public discussion of the science of climate change, so that we can use the limited window of opportunity presently available to prevent greenhouse gases growing to dangerous levels beyond which there are risks of major irreversible impacts, and recognising the Stern Review's accompanying argument that the sooner the world begins to cut its emissions, the easier and less costly mitigation will become.
Download or read book Effectiveness of Packaging Waste Management Systems in Selected Countries written by European Environment Agency and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Packaging waste is an important and growing waste stream. The amended Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive has recently been adopted, and work is underway to develop EU thematic strategies on waste prevention and recycling and on the sustainable use and management of natural resources. The Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (hereafter: packaging directive) is one of the few environmentally-related directives to contain directly measurable, quantitative targets. It has now been in place for ten years and this is an opportune time to take stock of this important policy area. The EEA has conducted a pilot study of the effectiveness of packaging waste management systems in five EU Member States with the aim of gaining practical and concrete experience of ex-post policy effectiveness evaluation, and to track progress in this policy area.
Download or read book Environmental Policy Processes Surrounding South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations Tensions Debates and Responses in Waste Product Regulation written by Godwell Nhamo and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2008-01-31 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was conducted in South Africa. South Africa is the first country within the Southern African Development Community to have regulated plastic shopping bags waste through the imposition of both a standard on thickness and a levy. Given this scenario, the Plastic Bags Regulations present an illustrative case for researching complexity, uncertainty and controversies surrounding a new trend in environmental policy making, namely waste product regulation. The thesis focuses on understanding and investigating tensions, debates and responses emerging from the policy process as actors and actor-networks put not only the Plastic Bags Regulations into circulation as focal actant (token) but also other actants and actant-networks as well. To this end, a research question that addressed environmental policies, tensions, debates and responses that informed the development of South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations was spelt out. The research objectives included the need to: (1) analyse selected international environmental policy processes surrounding plastic shopping bags litter and waste regulation and how these influenced developments in South Africa; (2) identify actors, actants and actor/actant-networks that shaped and were being transformed by South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations and explain the tensions, debates and responses arising in the policy processes; (3) identify environmental policy outputs and assess outcomes emerging from the formulation and implementation of South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations; and (4) establish patterns in environmental policy process reforms around South Africa s Plastic Bags Regulations. The language of actors (human), actants (non-human) and actor/actant-networks brings to the fore the aspects of processes and relationships that exist around them. As such, insights from the actor/actant-network theory (AANT) were drawn upon to inform the research. AANT enquiry framework collapses binaries such as nature/society, art/science, structure/agency and global/local historically associated with a particular type of social theory. AANT also denies that purely technical, scientific or social relations are possible (the notion of quasi-objects or token). Data sets were generated following the Plastic Bags Regulations as token actant with time frames ranging from prior to, during and after the formulation of the regulations. Similarly, data analysis drew insights from AANT s four moments of translation namely problematisation, interessement, enrolment and mobilisation, with the intervention theory providing an evaluative perspective that complemented AANT. The findings were that after the promulgation of the first draft of the Plastic Bags Regulations in May 2000, tensions emerged around the nature of regulation (whether command and control preferred by government or self regulation preferred by industry and labour). In this regard the latter group raised concerns about jobs, income and equipment loss as well as the need to have a holistic approach to waste management rather than targeting a single product at a time whilst the former maintained that this would not be so. As such, education, awareness and stringent antilitter penalties were proposed by industry and labour as sustainable responses to the problem of plastic shopping bags waste rather than regulation. These debates continued and resulted in minor amendments to the original regulations as finalised by Government in May 2002. However, industry and labour continued lobbying government resulting in the conclusion of the Plastic Bags Agreement in September 2002 and the ultimate repulsion of the May 2002 regulations in May 2003. As revealed by this research, these responses led to broader social responses and further tensions as demand for plastic shopping bags went down by about 80% although an estimated 1000 jobs were lost and a number of companies lost equipment and business (with some closing down) following the implementation of
Download or read book Safe Management of Wastes from Health care Activities written by Yves Chartier and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2014 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of the WHO handbook on the safe, sustainable and affordable management of health-care waste--commonly known as "the Blue Book". The original Blue Book was a comprehensive publication used widely in health-care centers and government agencies to assist in the adoption of national guidance. It also provided support to committed medical directors and managers to make improvements and presented practical information on waste-management techniques for medical staff and waste workers. It has been more than ten years since the first edition of the Blue Book. During the intervening period, the requirements on generators of health-care wastes have evolved and new methods have become available. Consequently, WHO recognized that it was an appropriate time to update the original text. The purpose of the second edition is to expand and update the practical information in the original Blue Book. The new Blue Book is designed to continue to be a source of impartial health-care information and guidance on safe waste-management practices. The editors' intention has been to keep the best of the original publication and supplement it with the latest relevant information. The audience for the Blue Book has expanded. Initially, the publication was intended for those directly involved in the creation and handling of health-care wastes: medical staff, health-care facility directors, ancillary health workers, infection-control officers and waste workers. This is no longer the situation. A wider range of people and organizations now have an active interest in the safe management of health-care wastes: regulators, policy-makers, development organizations, voluntary groups, environmental bodies, environmental health practitioners, advisers, researchers and students. They should also find the new Blue Book of benefit to their activities. Chapters 2 and 3 explain the various types of waste produced from health-care facilities, their typical characteristics and the hazards these wastes pose to patients, staff and the general environment. Chapters 4 and 5 introduce the guiding regulatory principles for developing local or national approaches to tackling health-care waste management and transposing these into practical plans for regions and individual health-care facilities. Specific methods and technologies are described for waste minimization, segregation and treatment of health-care wastes in Chapters 6, 7 and 8. These chapters introduce the basic features of each technology and the operational and environmental characteristics required to be achieved, followed by information on the potential advantages and disadvantages of each system. To reflect concerns about the difficulties of handling health-care wastewaters, Chapter 9 is an expanded chapter with new guidance on the various sources of wastewater and wastewater treatment options for places not connected to central sewerage systems. Further chapters address issues on economics (Chapter 10), occupational safety (Chapter 11), hygiene and infection control (Chapter 12), and staff training and public awareness (Chapter 13). A wider range of information has been incorporated into this edition of the Blue Book, with the addition of two new chapters on health-care waste management in emergencies (Chapter 14) and an overview of the emerging issues of pandemics, drug-resistant pathogens, climate change and technology advances in medical techniques that will have to be accommodated by health-care waste systems in the future (Chapter 15).
Download or read book Environmental Law for The Built Environment written by Jack Rostron and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-04 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise exposition of the relevant law and techniques commonly used to meet the regulatory requirements concerning the built environment. It provides a much needed reference and learning text for the growing professional and student involved in the subject. Aspects of environmental law and technology covered include the administration and sources of law,town and country planning, water and air pollution, waste, integrated pollution control and the natural environment. It highlights the importance of cross-boundary control, describing in detail the European and international law and enforcement regimes, the agencies involved in town and country planning, procedures at inquiries and enforcement measures, as well as looking at future developments. The important new protocol for assessing the environmental impact of developments is explained in detail. The policy framework and technical processes involved in dealing with water pollution are explored in terms of abstraction, supply, discharge and classification. Air pollution is dealt with in terms of energy efficiency, nuclear power, transport and future potential developments, and the recent phenomenon of sick building syndrome is explored in some detail. Other areas covered include the regulatory and technical processes involved in dealing with contaminated land, recycling/re-use, incineration, import/export and the law, policy and technology of integrated pollution control. A detailed exposition is offered of the legal issues concerning protection of the countryside, birds and animals; the problem of genetically modified crops; forestry; and mining.
Download or read book Analysis of Nordic regulatory framework and its effect on waste prevention and recycling in the region written by Papineschi, Joe and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At an important time in Nordic Waste Policy, as the 2018 Circular Economy Package makes significant updates to key European Union directives, this work looks back at the Nordic regulatory framework for waste from the 1970s and its effect upon waste prevention and recycling.At an important time in Nordic Waste Policy, as the 2018 Circular Economy Package makes significant updates to key European Union directives, this work looks back at the Nordic regulatory framework for waste from the 1970s and its effect upon waste prevention and recycling.
Download or read book Sustainable Workplaces 2008 special report written by and published by Workplace Law Group. This book was released on with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Environmental Performance Reviews Germany 2012 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates Germany's progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on policies that promote environmental innovation and tackle climate change.
Download or read book OECD Environmental Performance Reviews Ireland 2000 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2000-11-15 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review of Ireland's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation.
