Download or read book Review and Comparison of written by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review and Comparison Of A Protocol for the Derivation of Ecological Effects based and Human Health based Soil Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites July 1993 And A Rationale for the Development of Soil Drinking Water and Air Quality Criteria for Lead October 1993 Including Reference to Scientific Criteria Document for Multi media Environmental Standards Development March 1994 Hazardous Contaminants Branch Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy written by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Research Division and published by Adamas Environmental Incorporated. This book was released on 1994 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two documents dealing with clean-up standards for contaminated sites were issued for comment. a) A generic protocol for deriving soil quality criteria, issued by the Subcommittee on Environmental Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). b) A proposed quality criterion for lead in Ontario soils, issued by the Advisory Committee on Environmental Standards, Ontario Ministry of the Environment an d Energy (MOEE). This review critiques each of the consultation documents from the perspective of the housing sector, with a special emphasis on soils in urban centres. For each document, the review summarizes the rationale in layperson's terms, identifies the relative strengths of the arguments of which it is comprised and identifies the limitations for appropriateness from the viewpoint of the housing sector. Finally, the report compares derivation methods contained in the documents. The major difference between the two documents in terms of derivation methodology, is that the CCME protocol uses an approach based on risks to human health and ecology, while the lead rationale is based solely on health concerns. In terms of the application of the criteria, it appears that the Ontario lead rationale will be more restrictive vis-à-vis housing development.
Download or read book Review and Comparison of a Protocol for the Derivation of Ecological Effects based and Human Health based Soil Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites July 1993 and A Rationale for the Development of Soil Drinking Water and Air Quality Criteria for Lead October 1993 Including Reference to Scientific Criteria Document for Multi media Environmental Standards Development March 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document reviews two publications dealing with cleanup standards (quality criteria) for contaminated sites, one a generic protocol for deriving soil quality criteria and the other a proposed quality criterion for lead in Ontario soils. The review critiques each publication from the housing sector perspective, with a special emphasis on soils in urban centers. For each document, the review summarizes the rationale for the criteria, identifies the relative strengths of the arguments involved, and identifies limitations of the criteria such as scope, errors of omission, and simplifying assumptions. The review then assesses the criteria from the soil cleanup perspective, including their flexibility to deal with different building forms and systems and the predictability of costs and work required for compliance. Finally, the review compares derivation methods contained in the two publications.
Download or read book Review and Comparison of A Protocol for the Derivation of Ecological Effects based and Human Health based Soil Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites July 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two documents dealing with clean-up standards for contaminated sites were issued for comment. a) A generic protocol for deriving soil quality criteria, issued by the Subcommittee on Environmental Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). b) A proposed quality criterion for lead in Ontario soils, issued by the Advisory Committee on Environmental Standards, Ontario Ministry of the Environment an d Energy (MOEE). This review critiques each of the consultation documents from the perspective of the housing sector, with a special emphasis on soils in urban centres. For each document, the review summarizes the rationale in layperson's terms, identifies the relative strengths of the arguments of which it is comprised and identifies the limitations for appropriateness from the viewpoint of the housing sector. Finally, the report compares derivation methods contained in the documents. The major difference between the two documents in terms of derivation methodology, is that the CCME protocol uses an approach based on risks to human health and ecology, while the lead rationale is based solely on health concerns. In terms of the application of the criteria, it appears that the Ontario lead rationale will be more restrictive vis-à-vis housing development.
Download or read book A Protocol for the Derivation of Ecological Effects based and Human Health based Soil Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Protocol for the Derivation of Environmental and Human Health Soil Quality Guidelines written by Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. Subcommittee on Environmental Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites and published by Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. This book was released on 1996 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides the rationale and guidance for developing environmental and human health soil quality guidelines for contaminated sites in Canada. It begins with background information on the National Contaminated Sites Remediation Program assessment and remediation framework, including the scientific tools developed to help assess and remediate contaminated sites. Information on the principles behind the soil quality guidelines derivation protocol is also included. This is followed by description of the processes for deriving environmental and human health guidelines. The protocol considers the effects of contaminated soil exposure on human and ecological receptors for given land uses (agricultural, residential/parkland, commercial, and industrial). The final section gives guidance on derivation of the final soil quality guideline. Appendices include information on methods and models employed in the ecological sections of the document, and on check mechanisms for indirect exposure from soil contaminants for the human health guidelines.
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-12 with total page 1578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Protocol for the Derivation of Ecological Effects Based and Human Health Based Soil Quality Criteria for Contaminated Sites written by Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment and published by Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Screening Guidance written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sediment Quality Assessment written by Graeme Batley and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2016-02-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contaminated sediments represent an ongoing threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. The assessment of sediment quality is, therefore, an important concern for environmental regulators. Sediment quality guidelines are now well established in regulatory frameworks worldwide; however, practical guidance that covers all of the key aspects of sediment quality assessment is not readily available. In 2005, CSIRO published its highly cited Handbook for Sediment Quality Assessment. In the ensuing period, the science has advanced considerably. This practical guide is a revised and much expanded second edition, which will be a valuable tool for environmental practitioners. Written by experts in the field, it provides coverage of: sediment sampling; sample preparation; chemical analysis; ecotoxicology; bioaccumulation; biomarkers; and ecological assessment. In addition, detailed appendices describe protocols for many of the tests to be used.
Download or read book Toxicity Assessments of Antimony Barium Beryllium and Manganese for Development of Ecological Soil Screening Levels ECO SSL Using Enchytraeid Reproduction Benchmark Values written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is developing Ecological Soil Screening Level (Eco-SSL) benchmarks for ecological risk assessment of contaminants at Superfund sites. Benchmarks for invertebrates Were developed from existing literature. Insufficient information for Ba, Be, Mn, and Sb to generate Eco-SSLs necessitated standardized toxicity testing to fill the data gaps. We used the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (ERT) with Enchytraeus crypticus in this study. This test was selected on the bases of its ability to measure chemical toxicity to ecologically relevant test species during chronic assay, and its inclusion of at least one reproductive component among the measurement endpoints. Tests were conducted in Sassafras sandy loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of metals. Aging/weathering procedures for amended treatment soil were incorporated into the study to better reflect the "real world" exposure conditions. The toxicity order based on juvenile production was Be> Mn> Sb> Ba with EC20 values of 45, 116, 194, and 585 mg kg-1, respectively. These results show that ERT is a robust and sensitive assay for toxicity assessments and is appropriate for the Eco-SSL development.
Download or read book Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-03 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Download or read book Ecological Risk Assessment written by Glenn W. Suter II and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-10-23 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, environmental scientists have been required to perform a new type of assessment-ecological risk assessment. This is the first book that explains how to perform ecological risk assessments and gives assessors access to the full range of useful data, models, and conceptual approaches they need to perform an accurate assessment. It explains how ecological risk assessment relates to more familiar types of assessments. It also shows how to organize and conduct an ecological risk assessment, including defining the source, selecting endpoints, describing the relevant features of the receiving environment, estimating exposure, estimating effects, characterizing the risks, and interacting with the risk manager. Specific technical topics include finding and selecting toxicity data; statistical and mathematical models of effects on organisms, populations, and ecosystems; estimation of chemical fate parameters; modeling of chemical transport and fate; estimation of chemical uptake by organisms; and estimation, propagation, and presentation of uncertainty. Ecological Risk Assessment also covers conventional risk assessments, risk assessments for existing contamination, large scale problems, exotic organisms, and risk assessments based on environmental monitoring. Environmental assessors at regulatory agencies, consulting firms, industry, and government labs need this book for its approaches and methods for ecological risk assessment. Professors in ecology and other environmental sciences will find the book's practical preparation useful for classroom instruction. Environmental toxicologists and chemists will appreciate the discussion of the utility for risk assessment of particular toxicity tests and chemical determinations.
Download or read book Complementary Approaches for Using Ecotoxicity Data in Soil Pollution Evaluation written by M. D. Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assessment of soil quality has usually focused on human health protection as the main objective. Recently, criteria for the protection of ecosystems have been incorporated and ecotoxicological analyses are recommended to estimate the risk to ecological receptors associated with contaminants in soils (Calow, 1993; Stephenson et al., 2002; Loibner et al., 2003; Robidoux et al., 2004b). The ecotoxicological assessment of soils is mostly based on the toxicity test with selected organisms. Two complementary approaches are available. The first approach consists in the identification of toxicity thresholds for each relevant pollutant, thresholds that are based on the evaluation of effects of chemical substances on selected organisms representing relevant ecological receptors. The results of these assays are used for setting soil quality standards for each pollutant or pollutant class. Risk assessment tools can be used for this purpose, pre-establishing acceptable levels of risk. The contamination level is based on the comparison of the concentration of contaminants measured in the soil with the standards established from the thresholds. Although field and semi-field information can be incorporated in the higher tier steps, the thresholds are mostly developed from standardised toxicity assays conducted under laboratory conditions following international (e.g. OECD, ISO) or national (e.g. USEPA, ASTM) guidelines. In the second approach, toxicity assays are performed directly with the contaminated media (soil, water, sediment). This alternative, performing the assays with environmental samples, constitutes the method called direct (eco)toxicity assessment (DTA), and is based on modified bioassays. Most regulations have developed soil quality standards based on toxicity assays. However, due to the limitations in the lab to field extrapolation, trends were directed towards the combination of chemical analysis and DTA (Peterson et al., 1990; Torstensson, 1993; Tørsløv et al., 1997). In this book, both alternatives will be compared. The main difference between both approaches is that in the first case, a reference "uncontaminated" soil sample is spiked with one or a few chemicals at different concentrations, while in the DTA approach real soil samples are collected at the contaminated site, therefore containing a realistic combination of the different pollutants present in the area, the field sample can be then tested and/or "diluted" with "uncontaminated" soil to create a pollution gradient. The toxicity of the spiked or collected/diluted samples is measured and concentration/response relationships obtained in both cases. To understand better this comparison, in this book the term "toxicity test" will be used for the first approach: toxicity tests with samples spiked at the lab; while the term "bioassay" will be used for the DTA approach: samples collected at the field.
Download or read book EPA Publications Bibliography written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Comparison of Generic Human Health Risk Based Soil Remediation Criteria in Canada and the U S written by BL. Finley and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Canadian government and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) are currently developing generic soil quality criteria that would be considered applicable to all sites, either as levels for screening analysis or, under some circumstances, as ultimate remediation goals. The draft Canadian criteria, currently under revision, are based on protection of both human and ecological health, while the draft U.S. EPA values are intended to be protective of residential exposures. In this analysis, we compare and contrast the technical basis for the generic criteria developed by both governments, with emphasis on cadmium and pentachlorophenol. Soil criteria for cadmium and pentachlorophenol are expected to be more conservative in Canada than in the U.S. if groundwater protection is not a concern. The pattern is reversed if groundwater is a concern. Therefore, the cost of achieving approximately the same level of health protection could be dramatically different in the two countries for remediating soil containing cadmium or pentachlorophenol.
Download or read book Handbook of Ecotoxicology written by Giselle Tang and published by . This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is completely based on ecotoxicology. It discusses the prospective aspects in this field. It discusses the genotoxicity of heavy metals in plants, chromatographic methodologies for the estimation of mycotoxin and effects of xenobiotics on benthic assemblages in different habitats. Laboratory findings of genotoxins on small mammals and bioindicators of soil quality and assessment of pesticides used in chemical seed treatments have also been described. There is also a comprehensive overview on European regulation REACH in marine ecotoxicology, X-ray spectroscopic screening for trace metal in invertebrates and alternative animal model for toxicity determination. This book is a well-organized and valuable collection of latest information on Ecotoxicology.
