Download or read book Reverse Genetic Approaches Reveal Gene Redundancy in Arabidopsis Anthers written by Joseph R. Jacobowitz and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When aquatic plants migrated to land 500 million years ago, they were met with harsh conditions associated with terrestrial life, such as dry air, high radiance light, and high effective gravity. Early plants of this time period underwent rapid evolution to develop novel plant traits to mitigate these challenges - these traits remain highly conserved in modern land plants. Among the most important of these traits is the biosynthesis of a unique polymer known as sporopollenin, which protects the vulnerable plant spore and pollen grain. Sporopollenin is considered to be the toughest known biopolymer and although chemists and botanists have studied this remarkable material for over a century, relatively little is known about sporopollenin compared to other major plant biopolymers. In this thesis, I employ reverse genetic approaches to identify novel Arabidopsis genes that are responsible for sporopollenin biosynthesis. With these methods, I identify a previously unstudied gene, hereby known as IPE2 , which acts redundantly with IPE1 in the synthesis of sporopollenin. Additionally, I identify two unstudied peroxidases, PRX9 and PRX40 , which are also redundant and critical for pollen development, although these are not involved in sporopollenin and instead crosslink cell wall extensin proteins. These works enhance our understanding of the pollen wall and of pollen development. Moreover, this work reveals the untapped potential of reverse genetics to predict redundant relationships between paralogs in well-studied model organisms.
Download or read book Plant Genomes written by Jean-Nicolas Volff and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent major advances in the field of comparative genomics and cytogenomics of plants, particularly associated with the completion of ambitious genome projects, have uncovered astonishing facets of the architecture and evolutionary history of plant genomes. The aim of this book was to review these recent developments as well as their implications in our understanding of the mechanisms which drive plant diversity. New insights into the evolution of gene functions, gene families and genome size are presented, with particular emphasis on the evolutionary impact of polyploidization and transposable elements. Knowledge on the structure and evolution of plant sex chromosomes, centromeres and microRNAs is reviewed and updated. Taken together, the contributions by internationally recognized experts present a panoramic overview of the structural features and evolutionary dynamics of plant genomes.This volume of Genome Dynamics will provide researchers, teachers and students in the fields of biology and agronomy with a valuable source of current knowledge on plant genomes.
Download or read book Abscisic Acid in Plants written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abscisic Acid in Plants, Volume 92, the latest release in the Advances in Botanical Research series, is a compilation of the current state-of-the-art on the topic. Chapters in this new release comprehensively describe latest knowledge on how ABA functions as a plant hormone. They cover topics related to molecular mechanisms as well as the biochemical and chemical aspects of ABA action: hormone biosynthesis, catabolism, transport, perception, signaling in plants, seeds and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, hormone evolution and chemical biology, and much more. Presents the latest release in the Advances in Botanical Research series Provides an Ideal resource for post-graduates and researchers in the plant sciences, including plant physiology, plant genetics, plant biochemistry, plant pathology, and plant evolution Contains contributions from internationally recognized authorities in their respective fields
Download or read book Jasmonate Signaling written by Alain Goossens and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now well established that jasmonates, originally identified as the major component of jasmine scent, play a universal role in the plant kingdom and are involved in the regulation of diverse aspects of plant biology, including growth, development, metabolism, and interaction with the environment. In Jasmonate Signaling: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field aim to unite powerful emerging omics platforms with a number of key reductionist approaches to form a comprehensive collection of tools and protocols. The detailed chapters in this book embrace physiological, environmental, molecular, omics, and bioinformatics approaches that allow dissecting jasmonate actions in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana or in other plants. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters feature introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, along with tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Jasmonate Signaling: Methods and Protocols will empower interested researchers to dissect all steps of jasmonate signaling and the processes they modulate.
Download or read book A Broader View for Plant EvoDevo Novel Approaches for Diverse Model Systems written by Verónica S. Di Stilio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection attempts to integrate work pertaining to a fundamental question in plant evolution: What are the molecular underpinnings for the origin of different plant forms? Among the many facets this question touches are the transition to land, the emergence of vascular plants, the origin of the seed and the origin and diversification of floral form. We aim to bring to the forefront the most salient and original plant systems and approaches within an inclusive phylogenetic context that encompasses representatives of the major lineages of land plants.
Download or read book Ornamental Crops written by Johan Van Huylenbroeck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-25 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ornamental plants are economically important worldwide. Both growers and consumers ask continuously for new, improved varieties. Although there are numerous ornamental species, ornamental plant breeding and plant breeding research is mainly limited to some major species. This book focuses on the recent advances and achievements in ornamental plant breeding. The first part of the book focuses on plant traits and breeding techniques that are typical for ornamental plants. Eminent research groups write these general chapters. For plant traits like flower colour or shape, breeding for disease resistance and vase or shelf life are reviewed. General technical plant breeding chapters deal with mutation breeding, polyploidisation, in vitro breeding techniques and new developments in molecular techniques. The second part of the book consists of crop-specific chapters. Here all economically major ornamental species are handled together with selected representative species from different plant groups (cut flowers, pot plants, woody ornamental plants). In these crop-specific chapters, the main focus is on recent scientific achievements over the last decade.
Download or read book Genome Duplication written by Melvin DePamphilis and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-10-06 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Duplication provides a comprehensive and readable overview of the underlying principles that govern genome duplication in all forms of life, from the simplest cell to the most complex multicellular organism. Using examples from the three domains of life - bacteria, archaea, and eukarya - Genome Duplication shows how all living organisms store their genome as DNA and how they all use the same evolutionary-conserved mechanism to duplicate it: semi-conservative DNA replication by the replication fork. The text shows how the replication fork determines where organisms begin genome duplication, how they produce a complete copy of their genome each time a cell divides, and how they link genome duplication to cell division. Genome Duplication explains how mistakes in genome duplication are associated with genetic disorders and cancer, and how understanding genome duplication, its regulation, and how the mechanisms differ between different forms of life, is critical to the understanding and treatment of human disease.
Download or read book Plant Lipid Metabolism written by J.C. Kader and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers that comprehensively describe the major areas of research on lipid metabolism of plants. State-of-the-art knowledge about research on fatty acid and glycerolipid biosynthesis, isoprenoid metabolism, membrane structure and organization, lipid oxidation and degradation, lipids as intracellular and extracellular messengers, lipids and environment, oil seeds and gene technology is reviewed. The different topics covered show that modern tools of plant cellular and molecular biology, as well as molecular genetics, have been recently used to characterize several key enzymes of plant lipid metabolism (in particular, desaturases, thioesterases, fatty acid synthetase) and to isolate corresponding cDNAs and genomic clones, allowing the use of genetic engineering methods to modify the composition of membranes or storage lipids. These findings open fascinating perspectives, both for establishing the roles of lipids in membrane function and intracellular signalling and for adapting the composition of seed oil to the industrial needs. This book will be a good reference source for research scientists, advanced students and industrialists wishing to follow the considerable progress made in recent years on plant lipid metabolism and to envision the new opportunities offered by genetic engineering for the development of novel oil seeds.
Download or read book Horticultural Reviews Volume 27 written by Jules Janick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-04-08 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horticultural Reviews is an ongoing series presenting state-of-the-art review articles on research in the production of commercial horticultural crops: vegetables, fruits, nuts, and ornamental plants of commercial importance. Articles perform the valuable function of collecting, comparing, and contrasting the primary journal literature in order to form an overview of the topic. This detailed analysis bridges the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of horticultural scientists.
Download or read book Plant Cuticles written by G. Kerstiens and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1996-10 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cuticle, together with its associated waxes, acts as a diffusion barrier against the uncontrolled loss of water and solutes from leaves. It forms a mechanical barrier against penetration by fungi and pests and communicates with them via chemical signa
Download or read book Turkish Journal of Agriculture Forestry written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant ABC Transporters written by Markus Geisler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-06 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the fascinating superfamily of plant ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and their variety of transported substrates. It highlights their exciting biological functions, covering aspects ranging from cellular detoxification, through development, to symbiosis and defense. Moreover, it also includes a number of chapters that center on ABC transporters from non-Arabidopsis species. ABC proteins are ubiquitous, membrane-intrinsic transporters that catalyze the primary (ATP-dependent) movement of their substrates through biological membranes. Initially identified as an essential aspect of a vacuolar detoxification process, genetic work in the last decade has revealed an unexpectedly diverse variety of ABC transporter substrates, which include not only xenobiotic conjugates, but also heavy metals, lipids, terpenoids, lignols, alkaloids and organic acids. The discovery that members of the ABCB and ABCG family are involved in the movement of phytohormones has further sparked their exploration and provided a new understanding of the whole family. Accordingly, the trafficking, regulation and structure-function of ABCB-type auxin transporters are especially emphasized in this book.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book The Pear Genome written by Schuyler S. Korban and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the pear genome, this book covers the current state of knowledge regarding genetic and genomic resources, breeding approaches and strategies, as well as cutting-edge content on how these tools and resources are being / soon will be utilized to pursue genetic improvement efforts that will combine fruit quality, high productivity, precocious fruit bearing, and long postharvest storage life, along with elevated levels of resistance to various major diseases and insect pests. Throughout, the book also explores potential opportunities and challenges in genomic analysis, sequence assembly, structural features, as well as functional studies that will assist in future genetic improvement efforts for pears. The pear (Pyrus), an important tree fruit crop, is grown worldwide, and has several economically relevant cultivars. In recent years, modern genetic and genomic tools have resulted in the development of a wide variety of valuable resources for the pear. In the past few years, completion of whole genome assemblies of ‘Dangshansuli’, an Asian pear, and ‘Bartlett’, a European pear, have paved the way for new discoveries regarding for example, the pear’s genomic structure, chromosome evolution, and patterns of genetic variation. This wealth of new resources will have a major impact on our knowledge of the pear genome; in turn, these resources and knowledge will have significant impacts on future genetic improvement efforts.
Download or read book Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Shifts in Plant Evolution written by Verónica S. Di Stilio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics and Genomics of Rice written by Qifa Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the advances in genetics and genomics research on rice. The chapters feature the latest developments in rice research and cover such topics as the tools and resources for the functional analysis of rice genes, the identification of useful genes for rice improvement, the present understanding of rice development and biological processes, and the application of this present understanding towards rice improvement. The volume also features a perspective on synthesis and prospects, laying the groundwork for future advances in rice genetics and genomics. Written by authorities in the field, Genetics and Genomics of Rice will serve as an invaluable reference for rice researchers for years to come.
Download or read book Rice Improvement written by Jauhar Ali and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. By 2050, human population is expected to reach 9.7 billion. The demand for increased food production needs to be met from ever reducing resources of land, water and other environmental constraints. Rice remains the staple food source for a majority of the global populations, but especially in Asia where ninety percent of rice is grown and consumed. Climate change continues to impose abiotic and biotic stresses that curtail rice quality and yields. Researchers have been challenged to provide innovative solutions to maintain, or even increase, rice production. Amongst them, the ‘green super rice’ breeding strategy has been successful for leading the development and release of multiple abiotic and biotic stress tolerant rice varieties. Recent advances in plant molecular biology and biotechnologies have led to the identification of stress responsive genes and signaling pathways, which open up new paradigms to augment rice productivity. Accordingly, transcription factors, protein kinases and enzymes for generating protective metabolites and proteins all contribute to an intricate network of events that guard and maintain cellular integrity. In addition, various quantitative trait loci associated with elevated stress tolerance have been cloned, resulting in the detection of novel genes for biotic and abiotic stress resistance. Mechanistic understanding of the genetic basis of traits, such as N and P use, is allowing rice researchers to engineer nutrient-efficient rice varieties, which would result in higher yields with lower inputs. Likewise, the research in micronutrients biosynthesis opens doors to genetic engineering of metabolic pathways to enhance micronutrients production. With third generation sequencing techniques on the horizon, exciting progress can be expected to vastly improve molecular markers for gene-trait associations forecast with increasing accuracy. This book emphasizes on the areas of rice science that attempt to overcome the foremost limitations in rice production. Our intention is to highlight research advances in the fields of physiology, molecular breeding and genetics, with a special focus on increasing productivity, improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and nutritional quality of rice.
