Download or read book RESULTS OF THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR A NOVEL BIOMASS GASIFICATION BASED POWER GENERATION SYSTEM FOR THE FOREST PRODUCTS INDUSTRY written by Joseph Rabovitser and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, the Gas Technology Institute (GTI) entered into Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-01NT41108 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for an Agenda 2020 project to develop an advanced biomass gasification-based power generation system for near-term deployment in the Forest Products Industry (FPI). The advanced power system combines three advanced components, including biomass gasification, 3-stage stoker-fired combustion for biomass conversion, and externally recuperated gas turbines (ERGTs) for power generation. The primary performance goals for the advanced power system are to provide increased self-generated power production for the mill and to increase wastewood utilization while decreasing fossil fuel use. Additional goals are to reduce boiler NOx and CO{sub 2} emissions. The current study was conducted to determine the technical and economic feasibility of an Advanced Power Generation System capable of meeting these goals so that a capital investment decision can be made regarding its implementation at a paper mill demonstration site in DeRidder, LA. Preliminary designs and cost estimates were developed for all major equipment, boiler modifications and balance of plant requirements including all utilities required for the project. A three-step implementation plan was developed to reduce technology risk. The plant design was found to meet the primary objectives of the project for increased bark utilization, decreased fossil fuel use, and increased self-generated power in the mill. Bark utilization for the modified plant is significantly higher (90-130%) than current operation compared to the 50% design goal. For equivalent steam production, the total gas usage for the fully implemented plant is 29% lower than current operation. While the current average steam production from No. 2 Boiler is about 213,000 lb/h, the total steam production from the modified plant is 379,000 lb/h. This steam production increase will be accomplished at a grate heat release rate (GHRR) equal to the original boiler design. Boiler efficiencies (cogeneration-steam plus air) is increased from the original design value of 70% to 78.9% due to a combination of improved burnout, operation with lower excess air, and drier fuel. For the fully implemented plant, the thermal efficiency of fuel to electricity conversion is 79.8% in the cogeneration mode, 5% above the design goal. Finally, self-generated electricity will be increased from the 10.8 MW currently attributable to No. 2 Boiler to 46.7MW, an increase of 332%. Environmental benefits derived from the system include a reduction in NOx emissions from the boiler of about 30-50% (90-130 tons/year) through syngas reburning, improved carbon burnout and lower excess air. This does not count NOx reduction that may be associated with replacement of purchased electricity. The project would reduce CO{sub 2} emissions from the generation of electricity to meet the mill's power requirements, including 50,000 tons/yr from a net reduction in gas usage in the mill and an additional 410,000 tons/yr reduction in CO{sub 2} emissions due to a 34 MW reduction of purchased electricity. The total CO{sub 2} reduction amounts to about 33% of the CO{sub 2} currently generated to meet the mills electricity requirement. The overall conclusion of the study is that while significant engineering challenges are presented by the proposed system, they can be met with operationally acceptable and cost effective solutions. The benefits of the system can be realized in an economic manner, with a simple payback period on the order of 6 years. The results of the study are applicable to many paper mills in the U.S. firing woodwastes and other solid fuels for steam and power production.

Download or read book Biorefining of Biomass to Biofuels written by Sachin Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the prospects of the conversion of biomass into biofuels including ethanol, butanol, biogas, biohydrogen, biodiesel, syn-gas and other useful products. Biomass-derived fuels have gained tremendous attention worldwide. However, due to high raw material and processing costs, biofuels produced from lignocelluloses have been found to be more expensive than conventional fuels. Therefore, a concept of biorefining has been introduced, where more than one product or each and every component of biomass may be derived into useful products in a manner of petroleum refinery.

Download or read book Fuel to Burn written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gasificaiton Based Fuel Conversion and Electricity Production in the Forest Production in the Forest Products Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boise Cascade Corporation and the Gas Technology Institute are cooperating to develop, demonstrate, and place in operation an advanced biomass gasification-based power generation system.

Download or read book Feasibility and Technoeconomic Analysis of Small scale Biomass to Power System with Novel Producer Gas Cleanup Technology written by Jonathan A. Sampson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global energy demand grows and climate change becomes an ever-evolving phenomenon, it is imperative that current energy systems are re-evaluated, and new energy systems begin to penetrate global markets. In the developing world, a number of factors make small-scale biomass to power systems an interesting proposition. One such iteration of this technology involves novel producer gas cleanup and tar removal, where instead of using chemical processes, the system employs rich partial combustion through auto-ignition to destroy tars in vapor form above 300°C. This investigation serves to technically and financially analyze the feasibility of this system using experimental data found through testing of the cleanup engine to inform the theoretical design of the remainder of the system. 22kWe was selected as the system electric power output. Based on these results, it was determined that a 3.08-liter engine would be necessary for cleanup, and a 4.58-liter engine would be necessary for downstream power generation at 22kWe. This corresponds to a capital cost of $9,600, which is 34% of the retail price of current similar systems. This results in a levelized cost of energy range of $0.07 per kWh to $0.34 per kWh depending on the cost of biomass feedstock. This range is large for a levelized cost of energy, but shows that this system can be financially competitive in certain settings depending on the local fuel cost, proximity to biomass feedstock, and electricity needs..

Download or read book Energy From Forest Biomass written by W. Ramsay Smith and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy from Forest Biomass is a book that emerged from the papers presented at the International Union of Forestry Research Organization (IUFRO) XVII World Congress held in Kyoto, Japan. This book includes 18 papers representing different authors from nine countries. The book is divided into four parts. The first part contains discussions of the various researches on fuel plantations around the world, as well as harvesting techniques and associated costs. The second part discusses information on the actual and potential availability of biomass from sources other than fuel plantations. This part also examines the different types of biomass fuels currently used in Japan. The third part deals with the intermediate technology that can be used, such as charcoal production and direct combustion. The last part discusses the innovations in producing energy, such as gasification and liquidification. This book will be useful to graduate and undergraduate students, researchers, scientists, and readers who are interested in the use of biomass for energy purposes.

Download or read book Forest Bioenergy written by Ana Cristina Gonçalves and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive overview of the forest bioenergy, from feedstock production to end products. The book presents the state of the art of forest biomass production, assessment, characterization, and conversion into heat and power. It starts with forest sources of biomass and potential availability. Continues with the characterization of the forest stands and the availability of biomass for energy per stand structure, including stands managed for timber, non-wood products, and energy plantations. It follows with biomass evaluation and monitoring considering data sources, modeling methods, and existing models. are also addressed. After the initial focus on forest biomass production and estimation, this resource is assessed as a feedstock for energy conversion. Not only current, but also emerging biofuels obtained from forest biomass are considered. Established and emerging conversion technologies for the production of bio-heat and bio-power are examined and the impacts of the conversion systems presented.

Download or read book A Development Perspective For Biomass Fuelled Electricity Generation Technologies written by Roland Vincent Siemons and published by Clean Fuels b.v.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Topics in Forest Product Modelling written by Craig M. T. Johnston and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As many countries turn to biomass for energy production to combat climate change, the effects on the global forest products industry remains for the most part, unknown. Although the individual studies of this thesis stand on their own, the results share a common theme of examining economic issues surrounding a greater reliance on energy derived from forests.Chapter 1 presents the development and application of a non-linear programming model of global forest product trade used to assess the economic impact of an increase in global bioenergy demand. The results of the study indicate that increased global bioenergy demand will result in increased production of lumber and plywood, but outputs for fibreboard, particleboard and pulp will decline. In addition, renewable energy policies promoting bioenergy cause wood pellet prices to rise which could undermine the effectiveness of such policies.The European Union (EU) has implemented the most aggressive renewable energy policies in the world, and as a result, has quickly become a global leader in bioenergy production. To meet their targets, the EU is expected to import an unprecedented amount of fibre from timber rich regions, causing ripple effects throughout the global forest products industry. Chapter 2 discusses such EU policies, utilizing the developed global forest products trade model. Results indicate increased EU bioenergy demand is welfare enhancing to the global forest products industry as a whole, although there are winners and losers.Chapter 3 presents another important issue regarding increased bioenergy demand, that is, the supply of fibre is a limiting factor for its viability as an energy source. The chapter discusses the development and application of an electrical grid model of Alberta that is linked to a fibre transportation model of Alberta and British Columbia. Results show that proximity to a wood pellet producer is critical in the economic viability of retrofitting coal-fired power plants to co-fire with biomass.Finally, the increasing reliance on bioenergy as a fossil fuel substitute depends critically on the acceptance that CO2 release associated with combustion is offset by the re-growth of the forest. Chapter 4 provides a discussion of this issue, sighting the significance of the timeline in CO2 release and absorption. If we deem climate change an urgent matter, we may give more weight to current reductions in atmospheric CO2, eroding the carbon neutrality of biomass.

Download or read book Energy from Biomass written by Peter Quaak and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While energy is essential for development, standard fossil fuels are often in short supply in countries where it is needed most. However, alternative fuel resources abound in the form of agricultural and municipal waste or "biomass." This report reviews the state of the art of biomass combustion and gassification systems, their advantages and disadvantages. It also encourages investment in use of these technologies to enable developing countries to better exploit their biomass resources and help close the gap between their energy needs and their energy supply.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Histoire du Dr Akakia et du natif de St Malo written by and published by . This book was released on 1753 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forest Based Biomass Energy written by Frank Spellman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is forest-based biomass energy and why should we care? Written by environmental expert Frank Spellman, Forest-Based Biomass Energy: Concepts and Applications details how forest biomass can be converted to energy and energy products, including direct combustion, pellets, gasification, and co-firing. It explores the possibilities of forest-based

Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of Novel Power Generation Systems for the Biomass Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this programme of research is to produce a method for assessing and optimising the performance of advanced gas turbine power plants for electricity generation within the Brazilian electric sector. With the privatisation of the Brazilian electric sector, interest has been given to the thermal plants and studies have been carried out along with the use of other alternative fuels rather than fossil fuels. Biomass is a fuel of increasing interest for power generation systems since it is clean and renewable. Essentially all biomass power plants in the Brazilian market today operate on a steam Rankine cycle, which has a poor efficiency. The Brazilian electricity market has paid attention on Biomass integrated gasification gas turbine (BIG/GT) combined cycle plants where solid biomass is gasified. A simple chemical model for representing the gasifier in the power plant is presented and optimisation of the gasification process has been applied. The method for assessing the performance of power plants takes into account not only energy, but it applies the exergy method, which uses the second law of thermodynamics and works out the destruction of energy inside plant components and energy losses rejected to atmosphere. A thermoeconomic model for assessing the power plant has also been described. The optimisation of the assessment method of power plants using exergy and thermoeconomics has been proposed based on genetic algorithms. This new technique has been fairly successful at solving optimisation problems and is easy to implement. The decision of applying genetic algorithms is due to the complexity of the mathematical model applied in the performance assessment of power plants. The assessment of combined cycles like gas / steam cycle, gas / air cycle, gas / steam / freon cycle, gas / air / freon cycle and chemically recuperated gas turbine have been investigated. The application of the overall assessment method helps to understand different and very expensi.

Download or read book Fuel to Burn written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biomass Gasification Combined Cycle written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gasification combined cycle continues to represent an important defining technology area for the forest products industry. The ''Forest Products Gasification Initiative'', organized under the Industry's Agenda 2020 technology vision and supported by the DOE ''Industries of the Future'' program, is well positioned to guide these technologies to commercial success within a five-to ten-year timeframe given supportive federal budgets and public policy. Commercial success will result in significant environmental and renewable energy goals that are shared by the Industry and the Nation. The Battelle/FERCO LIVG technology, which is the technology of choice for the application reported here, remains of high interest due to characteristics that make it well suited for integration with the infrastructure of a pulp production facility. The capital cost, operating economics and long-term demonstration of this technology area key input to future economically sustainable projects and must be verified by the 200 BDT/day demonstration facility currently operating in Burlington, Vermont. The New Bern application that was the initial objective of this project is not currently economically viable and will not be implemented at this time due to several changes at and around the mill which have occurred since the inception of the project in 1995. The analysis shows that for this technology, and likely other gasification technologies as well, the first few installations will require unique circumstances, or supportive public policies, or both to attract host sites and investors.