Download or read book Response of Rumen Protected Methionine and Lysine Supplementation on Lactation and Reproductive Performance in Periparturient Dairy Cows written by Amrutkar Suhas Ashokrao and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Feeding Rumen protected Methionine During Pre and Postpartum Period in Dairy Cows written by Mateus Zucato Toledo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methionine (Met) is one of the most studied and characterized functional amino acid with several functions such as DNA methylation, synthesis of other molecules (e.g choline, polyamines, and carnitine,), and antioxidant balance. Thus, Met is an AA of potential interest during the periparturient period for dairy cows and may improve health, and consequently lactation and reproductive performance. The main hypothesis of this dissertation was that feeding rumen-protected Met (RPM) in a total mixed ration (TMR) during the pre- and postpartum period would increase plasma Met concentrations and improve lactation, reproductive performance, and health of dairy cows. The main projects were a collaboration between University of Wisconsin-Madison and Cornell University to enroll a large number (> 400) of cows in a pen-based design. Cows fed RPM had greater lactation performance via increased milk protein yield (overall +50 g) and concentration (+0.12 percentage units), and milk fat concentration (+0.10), but other lactation response variables were unaffected. In addition, cows fed RPM in the TMR had increased plasma Met during the periparturient period (+38%) and at a later stage of lactation (+86 to 105%) consistently throughout the day, with no changes in other AA. We observed no effect on overall reproductive efficiency, nor on the incidence of clinical health disorders. However, cows fed RPM had a reduced the number of cows with subclinical hypocalcemia on the day of parturition (-38%; UW only) and tended to have a reduced number of cows culled/sold (-32%; UW and CU). An analysis of the interaction of health disorders and RPM feeding showed that RPM feeding alleviated negative impacts of health disorders on production and reproduction. For example, feeding RPM increased milk protein production (+70 g) and reduced the time to pregnancy (mean decrease of 24 d) in cows with health disorders but not in cows without health disorders. In conclusion, feeding RPM during the pre- and postpartum period increased plasma Met and milk protein production. In contrast, feeding RPM did not reduce incidence of specific health disorders, except subclinical hypocalcemia, and did not produce any overall improvement in reproductive performance. Nevertheless, the results from these studies provided evidence to support a novel hypothesis that additional metabolizable Met, provides positive effects on production and reproduction but only in cows with health disorders and not in cows without health disorders. Since this concept was discovered during exploratory analysis of our results, important biological and practical implications and needs to be considered and thoroughly tested in future research on Met in reproduction.

Download or read book Response of Lactating Holstein Cows to Different Dietary Protein Concentrations and Sources and Rumen protected Methionine and Lysine written by Bernard Guillaume and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Methionine Supplementation on Productive Performance of Dairy Cattle written by Claudia Leonardi and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rumen protected Methionine Supplementation Improves Lactation Oxidative Status and Immune Response During a Subclinical Mastitis Challenge in Lactating Dairy Cows written by Anita Paz Lopez and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Liquid Rumen protected Lysine Supplementation on Lactation Performance of Holstein Cows written by Richardt Venter and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty high-producing multiparous Holstein cows were used in a completely randomized block design to compare a lysine deficient total mixed ration, which was sufficient in methionine, to the same diet supplemented with a rumen protected lysine product. The CPM-Dairy prediction model was used to estimate the nutrient requirements and adequacy or deficiency of amino acids. During the 21-day prepartum transition period, cows were fed 4 kg (dry basis) of the lysine deficient diet plus Eragrostis curvula hay ad lib. After calving, cows were fed the lysine deficient diet for the first three weeks and were then blocked according to the average production from day 19-21. Fifteen cows were allocated to each treatment and blocked into 15 groups of two each. Data on production parameters were analyzed for all cows and also separately for cows in the 10 highest production blocks. The experimental period was from day 22 to 120 postpartum. Lysine supplementation resulted in an optimal dietary lysine : methionine ratio in metabolisable protein of 7.2 : 2.4. Lysine supplementation did not affect dry matter intake, milk production, milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, milk urea nitrogen, body weight or body condition score: but decreased the non-casein nitrogen and whey content of milk. Furthermore, milk casein, which is the milk nitrogen fraction most sensitive towards increased duodenal supply of lysine and methionine, was not affected. The rumen protected lysine product evaluated did not improve cow productivity, probably because the product was either unprotected from rumen degradation, or overprotected to the extent that the lysine was not available for absorption in the small intestine: or absorbed but could not be metabolised. Copyright.

Download or read book Biotechnology in Animal Feeds and Animal Feeding written by R. John Wallace and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the dramatically rising sophistication of biological methods and products and the increasing use of recombinant DNA technology, now is an apt time to review the status of biotechnology in animal feeding. This book gives succinct yet comprehensive coverage of products of biotechnology and allied sciences used in animal feed and feeding industries. Particular emphasis is placed on: - Conservation and upgrading of feeds and feed components - Increasing the protein value of feeds - Antimicrobials - Microbial feed additives - Increasing the energy value of feeds. Moreover, increasing environmental concerns are reflected in chapters describing dietary products which may help to reduce environmental hazards from animal feeding enterprises. A discussion of social and legislative aspects relating to biotechnology and animal feeding rounds off this useful compilation of timely articles.

Download or read book Effect of Rumen protected Methionine and Lysine on Casein in Milk when Diets High in Fat Or Concentrate are Fed written by Jo May Chow and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Lipoprotein Testing written by Nader Rifai and published by Amer. Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry. This book was released on 2000 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Milk Production Response to Supplementation of Encapsulated Methionine Per Os Or Casein Per Abomasum written by Glen Allen Broderick and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Supplementation of Rumen protected Forms of Methionine Betaine and Choline to Early Lactation Holstein Cows written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methionine (Met) is frequently the first limiting amino acid or co-limiting with lysine in dairy rations, and Met metabolism is closely linked to that of betaine and choline. Methionine, betaine, and choline are all degraded by microbes in the rumen, so rumen-protected (RP) forms were used to perform two experiments. The objective of these experiments was to investigate the impact of supplementing RP forms of methionine, betaine, and choline to a Met-limited total mixed ration (TMR) on performance, metabolism and ruminal fermentation in early lactation Holstein cows. Experiment 1 utilized 80 lactating Holstein cows from 21 to 91 days in milk (DIM) that were fed a corn silage-based TMR formulated to meet National Research Council (2001) recommendations, except the Met content was limited (42 gD). One of four supplements was blended into the TMR to produce four dietary treatments: 1.) control, 2.) 20 gD RP-Met, 3.) 45 gD RP-betaine, and 4.) 40 gD RP-choline. Calcium salts of fatty acids were used to protect the RP-betaine and RP-choline supplements and were added to the control and RP-Met supplements so that equal amounts of fat were supplied to all treatments. Consequently, dry matter (DM) intake, body weight, and body condition score were not significantly different among treatments (P> 0.2). The treatment by parity interaction tended to be different (P = 0.06) for milk yield with 44.3 kgD produced in multiparous (MP) cows fed RP-choline compared to MP cows fed all other treatments (37.8, 40.0, and 38.7, respectively) while there were no differences among treatments in primiparous cows. Cows fed RP-met or RP-choline had higher milk crude protein yield than cows fed control or RP-betaine (P = 0.02). However, there were no differences in milk fat yield or milk urea nitrogen (P> 0.2). Experiment 2 utilized 4 dual-flow continuous culture fermentors (700 ml) to determine the effects of supplementation of rumen-protected forms.

Download or read book Effect of Rumen protected Methionine on Placenta Metabolism Animal Performance and Immune metabolism of Dairy Cows During the Periparturient and Early Lactation Periods written by Fernanda Batistel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-09 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This widely used reference has been updated and revamped to reflect the changing face of the dairy industry. New features allow users to pinpoint nutrient requirements more accurately for individual animals. The committee also provides guidance on how nutrient analysis of feed ingredients, insights into nutrient utilization by the animal, and formulation of diets to reduce environmental impacts can be applied to productive management decisions. The book includes a user-friendly computer program on a compact disk, accompanied by extensive context-sensitive "Help" options, to simulate the dynamic state of animals. The committee addresses important issues unique to dairy science-the dry or transition cow, udder edema, milk fever, low-fat milk, calf dehydration, and more. The also volume covers dry matter intake, including how to predict feed intake. It addresses the management of lactating dairy cows, utilization of fat in calf and lactation diets, and calf and heifer replacement nutrition. In addition, the many useful tables include updated nutrient composition for commonly used feedstuffs.

Download or read book Effects of Feather Meal on Lactation Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Methionine Deficient Diets written by Sopaphan Pruekvimolphan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Rumen protected Choline Supplementation Or in Utero Exposure on Metabolism and Performance of Dairy Cows and Calves written by Henry Holdorf and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this dissertation was to improve the understanding of mechanisms behind the positive effects on milk production and health of rumen-protected choline (RPC) supplementation during the transition to lactation period and interrogate whether choline could benefit cattle in other stressful life stages. The objectives of the experiment presented in Chapter II were to 1) determine the impact of increasing dose of prepartum RPC supplementation on milk production and blood biomarkers in multiparous Holstein cows; 2) determine if there are continuous responses across a range of actual prepartum choline ion intakes. There was no benefit to milk production of increasing the prepartum dose of RPC, nor did milk production respond along a continuous range of prepartum choline ion intakes. There was a benefit of supplementing RPC at the current recommended dose (15 g choline ion/d) on energy corrected milk yield, consistent with previous research. This chapter also presented evidence that peripartum RPC supplementation may influence nutrient partitioning through altered insulin function and may improve gastrointestinal function. Chapter III presented the effects of maternal choline supplementation on early life performance of offspring. The objectives of the experiment presented were to 1) determine if increasing dose of late gestation RPC, supplemented to multiparous Holstein cows, would improve growth in calves; and 2) determine if in utero choline exposure alters DNA methylation patterns. In utero choline exposure improved the rate of growth and feed efficiency in female Holstein and male Holstein x Angus calves, while improving only feed efficiency in female Holstein x Angus calves. Consistent with results in adult cows presented in Chapter II, in utero choline exposure may have improved gastrointestinal function in Holstein calves. In utero choline exposure altered global DNA methylation patterns in male Holstein x Angus calves, representing a potential mechanism to explain phenotypic responses. Chapter IV interrogated the effects of supplementing RPC to multiparous Holstein cows under experimental heat stress. The objectives of this experiment were to 1) determine if supplementing RPC to heat stressed cows would improve milk production and 2) determine if supplementation was required prior to and during, or just during the heat stress insult, i.e., supplementation strategy. Either RPC supplementation strategy reduced the respiration response to heat stress compared to CTL. Supplementing RPC before and during heat stress improved milk production prior to and during heat stress while supplementation only during heat stress had no effect on milk yield. Supplementing RPC has the potential to improve performance of cattle in dairy production systems beyond the transition to lactation period. The potential for choline to impact gastrointestinal function should be further interrogated as a mechanism to explain the positive effects on performance.

Download or read book Rumen protected Lysine in Dairy Cows Bioavailability and Effects written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first trial's objective was assessing bioavailability of an experimental formulation (EEL) for a commercial rumen protected (RP) Lys product (ASL). Abomasal infusion was used to develop a response curve relating bioavailability to plasma Lys concentration. Infusion linearly increased plasma Lys, but did not affect milk production or composition. Feeding ASL or EEL had no consistent effects and EEL bioavailability was not better than ASL. The second experiment was an iteration, with improvements learned from the first trial, aimed at determining ASL bioavailability. Plasma Lys increased with infusion in 7 out of 10 cows. Half of the cows responded to feeding ASL with increased plasma Lys. No effects of treatments, neither in milk yield nor composition, were observed. Estimated bioavailability was 28% by dose-response method and 22% by slope-ratio approach. The third trial tested production effects and N use efficiency of supplementing a low (14.5%) CP diet, containing soybean meal (SBM) and distillers grains (DDGS), with RP Met (RPM) and RP Lys (RPL); a positive control (16.8% CP) was included. High CP diet showed higher intake, milk yield and MUN, but lowest apparent N efficiency. No RPM main effects were observed; however, RPM*RPL interaction for milk yield was significant because RPM increased 1.2 kg milk/d but milk was not altered by RPM+RPL. Feeding RPM, but not RPL, increased milk yield/DMI on low CP diets containing SBM plus DDGS. The fourth trial aimed to determine if RPL supplementation improved nutritive value of RUP from corn protein. Diets contained alfalfa and corn silage; half or all CP from solvent SBM (SSBM) and expeller SBM (ESBM) were replaced by CP from corn (corn gluten meal and DDGS), while keeping RDP, RUP and metabolizable protein approximately constant. One all corn CP diet was RPL supplemented (20 g/d absorbed Lys). Intake was highest on SSBM+ESBM diet, intermediate on blended diet and lowest on the corn diets. Milk, milk protein yield, and feed efficiency were lowest in all corn CP diet without RPL; RPL supplementation increased 1.1 kg milk/d and 50 g protein/d. Dilution of SBM RUP with corn protein did not reduce milk yield.

Download or read book Feed Additives and Supplements for Ruminants written by M. S. Mahesh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: