Download or read book Residual Insect Demography written by Sarah Emily Silverman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the importance of age in predicting biological events, it follows that studies of population age structure are fundamental to understanding populations and the processes that shape them. Despite its fundamental importance, most studies of wild insect populations do not attempt to measure or estimate adult age structure because of two technical barriers. First, available age grading techniques including genetic, chemical, and wear and tear approaches are imprecise and expensive. Second, chronological age is not a useful metric for insects because they are poikolothermic, and because their life-history and longevity are highly dependent on thermal environment, larval conditions, and adult nutrition. Thus frailty, or relative risk of death, may be more useful in characterizing insect population structure than chronological age. In response to these limitations, the overarching goal of this thesis is to develop conceptual and methodological frameworks for estimating frailty structure in wild insect populations. I present three chapters that use studies of live insects captured in the wild and maintained through death in the lab to gain insight into insect population structure. Data sources include three captive cohort studies of ecologically distinct insects: the vinegar fly Drosophila simulans, the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata and the common house mosquito Culex pipiens. In chapter 1 I introduce a new application of the life table referred to as the Population Life Table (PLT) that is designed to track the post-capture mortality of a population consisting of individuals of mixed ages. I describe the temporal changes in age structure revealed by the PLT for all three species, and potential applications of the PLT in applied insect ecology. In Chapter 2 I introduce two models that can be used to understand frailty structure in wild insect populations, or the distribution of relative mortality risks. I apply these models to two captive cohort data sets (Mosquito and Mediterranean Fruit Fly) to estimate seasonal changes in frailty structure. In Chapter 3 I combine two post-capture assays to study the relationship between reproduction and mortality in the Mediterranean Fruit Fly. I measure the seasonal reproductive and longevity potential of wild-caught medflies of unknown age and compare these patterns to those of a known-age cohort. This research demonstrates the significant potential of studies of live insects to provide insight into population structure in the wild. The methods presented in this thesis may be extended to other post-capture studies of insects, including activity, flight ability, mating propensity, and pesticide resistance to provide complimentary information to traditional studies.
Download or read book The Basic Principles of Insect Population Suppression and Management written by E. F. Knipling and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agriculture Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set includes revised editions of some issues.
Download or read book Biological Control of Pest and Vector Insects written by Vonnie D.C. Shields and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-04-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides recent contributions of current strategies to control insect pests written by experts in their respective fields. Topics include semiochemicals based insect management techniques, assessment of lethal dose/concentrations, strategies for efficient biological control practices, bioinsecticidal formulations and mechanisms of action involving RNAi technology, light-trap collection of insects, the use of sex pheromonal components and attractants for pest insect capture, measures to increase plant resistance in forest plantations, the use of various baculoviruses as biopesticides, and effect of a pathogenic bacterium against an endangered butterfly species. There are several other chapters that focus on insect vectors, including biting midges as livestock vectors in Tunisia, mosquitoes as vectors in Brazil, human disease vectors in Tanzania, pathogenic livestock and human vectors in Africa, insect vectors of Chagas disease, and transgenic and paratransgenic biotechnologies against dipteran pests and vectors. This book targets general biologists, entomologists, ecologists, zoologists, virologists, and epidemiologists, including both teachers and students.
Download or read book Soft Scale Insects written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-10-15 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents an up-to-date account of the soft-scale insects, "Coccidae", and covers almost the entire spectrum of the knowledge of this insect family. It is divided into three sections, covering: soft scale insects; their natural enemies; and damage and control.
Download or read book Sterile Insect Technique written by Victor A. Dyck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 1493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an environment-friendly method of pest control that integrates well into area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programmes. This book takes a generic, thematic, comprehensive, and global approach in describing the principles and practice of the SIT. The strengths and weaknesses, and successes and failures, of the SIT are evaluated openly and fairly from a scientific perspective. The SIT is applicable to some major pests of plant-, animal-, and human-health importance, and criteria are provided to guide in the selection of pests appropriate for the SIT. In the second edition, all aspects of the SIT have been updated and the content considerably expanded. A great variety of subjects is covered, from the history of the SIT to improved prospects for its future application. The major chapters discuss the principles and technical components of applying sterile insects. The four main strategic options in using the SIT — suppression, containment, prevention, and eradication — with examples of each option are described in detail. Other chapters deal with supportive technologies, economic, environmental, and management considerations, and the socio-economic impact of AW-IPM programmes that integrate the SIT. In addition, this second edition includes six new chapters covering the latest developments in the technology: managing pathogens in insect mass-rearing, using symbionts and modern molecular technologies in support of the SIT, applying post-factory nutritional, hormonal, and semiochemical treatments, applying the SIT to eradicate outbreaks of invasive pests, and using the SIT against mosquito vectors of disease. This book will be useful reading for students in animal-, human-, and plant-health courses. The in-depth reviews of all aspects of the SIT and its integration into AW-IPM programmes, complete with extensive lists of scientific references, will be of great value to researchers, teachers, animal-, human-, and plant-health practitioners, and policy makers.
Download or read book Zoophytophagous Heteroptera written by Oscar Alomar and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Trends of Insect Physiology and Population Dynamics Modeling Insect Phenology Demography and Circadian Rhythms in Variable Environments written by Petros T. Damos and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current eBook collection includes substantial scientific work in describing how insect species are responding to abiotic factors and recent climatic trends on the basis of insect physiology and population dynamics. The contributions can be broadly split into four chapters: the first chapter focuses on the function of environmental and mostly temperature driven models, to identify the seasonal emergence and population dynamics of insects, including some important pests. The second chapter provides additional examples on how such models can be used to simulate the effect of climate change on insect phenology and population dynamics. The third chapter focuses on describing the effects of nutrition, gene expression and phototaxis in relation to insect demography, growth and development, whilst the fourth chapter provides a short description on the functioning of circadian systems as well as on the evolutionary dynamics of circadian clocks.
Download or read book Area Wide Control of Insect Pests written by M.J.B. Vreysen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-30 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect pests are becoming a problem of ever-more biblical proportions. This new textbook collates a series of selected papers that attempt to address various fundamental components of area-wide insect pest control. Of special interest are the numerous papers on pilot and operational programs that pay special attention to practical problems encountered during program implementation. It’s a compilation of more than 60 papers authored by experts from more than 30 countries.
Download or read book The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.
Download or read book Area wide Integrated Pest Management written by Jorge Hendrichs and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 98% of sprayed insecticides and 95% of herbicides reach a destination other than their target species, including non-target species, air, water and soil. The extensive reliance on insecticide use reduces biodiversity, contributes to pollinator decline, destroys habitat, and threatens endangered species. This book offers a more effective application of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach, on an area-wide (AW) or population-wide (AW-IPM) basis, which aims at the management of the total population of a pest, involving a coordinated effort over often larger areas. For major livestock pests, vectors of human diseases and pests of high-value crops with low pest tolerance, there are compelling economic reasons for participating in AW-IPM. This new textbook attempts to address various fundamental components of AW-IPM, e.g. the importance of relevant problem-solving research, the need for planning and essential baseline data collection, the significance of integrating adequate tools for appropriate control strategies, and the value of pilot trials, etc. With chapters authored by 184 experts from more than 31 countries, the book includes many technical advances in the areas of genetics, molecular biology, microbiology, resistance management, and social sciences that facilitate the planning and implementing of area-wide strategies. The book is essential reading for the academic and applied research community as well as national and regional government plant and human/animal health authorities with responsibility for protecting plant and human/animal health.
Download or read book Integrated Population Biology and Modeling Part A written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Population Biology and Modeling: Part A offers very complex and precise realities of quantifying modern and traditional methods of understanding populations and population dynamics. Chapters cover emerging topics of note, including Longevity dynamics, Modeling human-environment interactions, Survival Probabilities from 5-Year Cumulative Life Table Survival Ratios (Tx+5/Tx): Some Innovative Methodological Investigations, Cell migration Models, Evolutionary Dynamics of Cancer Cells, an Integrated approach for modeling of coastal lagoons: A case for Chilka Lake, India, Population and metapopulation dynamics, Mortality analysis: measures and models, Stationary Population Models, Are there biological and social limits to human longevity?, Probability models in biology, Stochastic Models in Population Biology, and more. - Covers emerging topics of note in the subject matter - Presents chapters on Longevity dynamics, Modeling human-environment interactions, Survival Probabilities from 5-Year Cumulative Life Table Survival Ratios (Tx+5/Tx), and more
Download or read book Residue Reviews R ckstands Berichte written by Francis A. Gunther and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That residues of pesticide and other "foreign" chemicals in foodstuffs are of concern to everyone everywhere is amply attested by the reception accorded previous volumes of "Residue Reviews" and by the gratifying en thusiasm, sincerity, and efforts shown by all the individuals from whom manuscripts have been solicited. Despite much propaganda to the contrary, there can never be any serious question that pest-control chemicals and food additive chemicals are essential to adequate food production, manufacture, marketing, and storage, yet without continuing surveillance and intelligent control some of those that persist in our foodstuffs could at times conceivably endanger the public health. Ensuring safety-in-use of these many chemicals is a dynamic challenge, for established ones are continually being displaced by newly developed ones more acceptable to food technologists, pharma cologists, toxicologists, and changing pest-control requirements in progressive food-producing economies. These matters are also of genuine concern to increasing numbers of governmental agencies and legislative' bodi~s around the world, for some of these chemicals have resulted in a few mishaps from improper use. Adequate safety-in-use evaluations of any of these chemicals persisting into our food stuffs are not simple matters, and they incorporate the considered judgments of many individuals highly trained in a variety of complex biological, chemi cal, food technological, medical, pharmacological, and toxicological dis ciplines.
Download or read book Population and Community Ecology for Insect Management and Conservation written by Johann Baumgartner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the themes of the 20th International Congress of Entomology held in Florence in August 1996 was Ecology and Population Dynamics, with papers presented on single species dynamics, population interactions, and community ecology. This book contains a selection of the papers that were presented, and gives a late-1990s picture of the latest research in this fast developing area.
Download or read book The Mechanics and Physics of Modern Grain Aeration Management written by Shlomo Navarro and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-09-14 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tightening of health and environmental regulations by banning chemical pesticides has generated the need for alternative technologies to solve grain storage problems. Aeration is such an option that can be applied to stored grain and a wide range of agricultural commodities to control insects and maintain quality. The Mechanics and Physics of M
Download or read book Insect Population Responses to Vegetation Management Systems in Tropical Maize Production written by and published by Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE. This book was released on with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Potential Role of the Sterility Method for Insect Population Control with Special Reference to Combining this Method with Conventional Methods written by E. F. Knipling and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
