Download or read book China s Economic Rise written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-17 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.

Download or read book Great Britain and the German Trade Rivalry written by Ross J. S. Hoffman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1933, this volume covers 3 features of British history in the 40 years prior to the First World War: the inroad made by commercial and industrial Germany on the far-flung business empire of Great Britain; the British national reaction to this German rivalry and the influence of that rivalry upon the shaping of British policy toward Germany.

Download or read book Imperial Twilight written by Stephen R. Platt and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As China reclaims its position as a world power, Imperial Twilight looks back to tell the story of the country’s last age of ascendance and how it came to an end in the nineteenth-century Opium War. As one of the most potent turning points in the country’s modern history, the Opium War has since come to stand for everything that today’s China seeks to put behind it. In this dramatic, epic story, award-winning historian Stephen Platt sheds new light on the early attempts by Western traders and missionaries to “open” China even as China’s imperial rulers were struggling to manage their country’s decline and Confucian scholars grappled with how to use foreign trade to China’s advantage. The book paints an enduring portrait of an immensely profitable—and mostly peaceful—meeting of civilizations that was destined to be shattered by one of the most shockingly unjust wars in the annals of imperial history. Brimming with a fascinating cast of British, Chinese, and American characters, this riveting narrative of relations between China and the West has important implications for today’s uncertain and ever-changing political climate.

Download or read book Western Enterprise in Far Eastern Economic Development written by G. C. Allen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Enterprise in Far Eastern Economic Development charts the activities of Western firms in China and Japan from the middle of the nineteenth century, when those countries were opened to foreign trade, until recently. The organization of the Western business undertakings, the types of firms concerned and relations between the Westerners and the Japanese and Chinese economies are all discussed. Among the economic activities covered are: merchant banking, finance, manufacturing, mining, shipping and domestic transport. A dominant theme is the contrast presented by China and Japan in their response to Western enterprise.

Download or read book The Parliamentary Debates official Report written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 1392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal of the Royal Society of Arts written by Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tables and Indexes written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journals of the House of Commons written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commerce Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 1296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Parliamentary Debates written by Great Britain. Parliament and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Telegraphic Journal and Electrical Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commerce Reports written by United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1932 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quarterly List of Parliamentary Publications written by Great Britain. Her Majesty's Stationery Office and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journals of the House of Lords written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appendices accompany vols. 64, 67-71.

Download or read book The Sale Catalogues of British Government Publications 1836 1921 written by Great Britain. Her Majesty's Stationery Office and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electrical Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commerce Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: