Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 1356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873)

Download or read book Report of the Joint Committee of the General Assembly of Alabama written by Alabama. Legislature. Joint Committee on Election of Geo. E. Spencer as U.S. Senator and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reconstruction in Alabama written by Michael W. Fitzgerald and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2017-03-13 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The civil rights revolutions of the 1950s and 1960s transformed the literature on Reconstruction in America by emphasizing the social history of emancipation and the hopefulness that reunification would bring equality. Much of this revisionist work served to counter and correct the racist and pro-Confederate accounts of Reconstruction written in the early twentieth century. While there have been modern scholarly revisions of individual states, most are decades old, and Michael W. Fitzgerald’s Reconstruction in Alabama is the first comprehensive reinterpretation of that state’s history in over a century. Fitzgerald’s work not only revises the existing troubling histories of the era, it also offers a compelling and innovative new look at the process of rebuilding Alabama following the war. Attending to an array of issues largely ignored until now, Fitzgerald’s history begins by analyzing the differences over slavery, secession, and war that divided Alabama’s whites, mostly along the lines of region and class. He examines the economic and political implications of defeat, focusing particularly on how freed slaves and their former masters mediated the postwar landscape. For a time, he suggests, whites and freedpeople coexisted mostly peaceably in some parts of the state under the Reconstruction government, as a recovering cotton economy bathed the plantation belt in profit. Later, when charting the rise and fall of the Republican Party, Fitzgerald shows that Alabama's new Republican government implemented an ambitious program of railroad subsidy, characterized by substantial corruption that eventually bankrupted the state and helped end Republican rule. He shows, however, that the state’s freedpeople and their preferred leaders were not the major players in this arena: they had other issues that mattered to them far more, like public education, civil rights, voting rights, and resisting the Klan’s terrorist violence. After Reconstruction ended, Fitzgerald suggests that white collective memory of the era fixated on black voting, big government, high taxes, and corruption, all of which buttressed the Jim Crow order in the state. This misguided understanding of the past encouraged Alabama's intransigence during the later civil rights era. Despite the power of faulty interpretations that united segregationists, Fitzgerald demonstrates that it was class and regional divisions over economic policy, as much as racial tension, that shaped the complex reality of Reconstruction in Alabama.

Download or read book How Our Laws are Made written by John V. Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Government Printing and Binding Regulations written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Printing and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bourbon Democracy in Alabama 1874 1890 written by Allen Johnston Going and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 1951 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter Twelve. The State and Social Welfare -- Chapter Thirteen. Conclusion -- Appendix -- Bibliography -- Index

Download or read book Reports of Committees written by United States. Congress. Senate and published by . This book was released on 1854 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Alabama written by Alabama and published by . This book was released on 1868 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Legislative Documents Submitted to the General Assembly of the State of Iowa written by Iowa. General Assembly and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page 1234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American State Papers written by USA and published by . This book was released on 1860 with total page 1066 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hinds Precedents of the House of Representatives of the United States written by Asher Crosby Hinds and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American State Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1834 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Populism in Alabama written by John Bunyan Clark and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Black Coal Miners in America written by Ronald L. Lewis and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the early day of mining in colonial Virginia and Maryland up to the time of World War II, blacks were an important part of the labor force in the coal industry. Yet in this, as in other enterprises, their role has heretofore been largely ignored. Now Roland L. Lewis redresses the balance in this comprehensive history of black coal miners in America. The experience of blacks in the industry has varied widely over time and by region, and the approach of this study is therefore more comparative than chronological. Its aim is to define the patterns of race relations that prevailed among the miners. Using this approach, Lewis finds five distractive systems of race relations. There was in the South before and after the Civil War a system of slavery and convict labor—an enforced servitude without legal compensation. This was succeeded by an exploitative system whereby the southern coal operators, using race as an excuse, paid lower wages to blacks and thus succeeded in depressing the entire wage scale. By contrast, in northern and midwestern mines, the pattern was to exclude blacks from the industry so that whites could control their jobs and their communities. In the central Appalachians, although blacks enjoyed greater social equality, the mine operators manipulated racial tensions to keep the work force divided and therefore weak. Finally, with the advent of mechanization, black laborers were displaced from the mines to such an extent that their presence in the coal fields in now nearly a thing of the past. By analyzing the ways race, class, and community shaped social relations in the coal fields, Black Coal Miners in America makes a major contribution to the understanding of regional, labor, social, and African-American history.

Download or read book A Bibliography of Nineteenth Century Legal Literature A G written by John Adams and published by Avero Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal of the Senate of the State of Alabama written by Alabama. General Assembly. Senate and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.