Download or read book Reorganization and Superposition of Late Eocene to Holocene Extension and Late Cenozoic Displacement Field Conservation on a Kinematically Linked Array of Basin bounding Faults North central Great Basin written by Jeffery Paul Dunham and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three superposed directions of north-south, east-northeast and west-northwest extension were accommodated during Cenozoic displacement on a complex array of high-angle faults in the Crescent Valley region of north-central Nevada. Contemporary N66°W extension was initiated at about 9 Ma and is responsible for the accumulation of 1.5 to 2.5 km of sedimentary and volcanic rocks in spatially restricted half-grabens during the development of present mountain ranges. Earlier N75°E extension commenced at about 17 Ma and was accompanied by deposition of volcanic and sedimentary sequences that range up to several hundred meters thick. These rocks show only minor offset on syndepositional faults and minor thickness variations across the region. The earliest phase of extension, N10°E, started at or before 34 Ma during localized accumulation of 1.5 to as much as 4 km of volcanic tuff and sedimentary rocks in a west-northwest-trending fault-bounded volcanic center. Outside of the structural depocenter, coeval volcanic and sedimentary rocks are only hundreds of meters thick, with only minor lateral variations. All structures in the fault array were active during each period of extensional deformation. Prominent basin and range structures and topography did not evolve until late Miocene to Holocene extension, suggesting that earlier magnitudes of extension were modest and not associated with high strain-rates. Three-dimensional fault displacement models illustrate that the extensional faults of the Crescent Valley fault system are kinematically coordinated over length scales of kilometers to tens of kilometers. The fault network, consisting of northwest, north-northwest, north-south, north-northeast, and northeast oriented normal and oblique-slip structures, displays substantial fluctuations in the along-strike displacement on individual faults. Cross sections, constructed using geologic maps, gravity inversion depth to basement models, a seismic reflection profile, and recent west-northwest extension direction, indicate that more than 90 percent of the along-strike variations in the magnitude of fault offset is accommodated by displacement transfer within the fault system. The remaining deformation is likely attributed to uncertainty in the model, but may represent non-recoverable strain accumulation within fault blocks. Our analysis indicates that in order to completely conserve the fault displacement field, fault systems of length scales greater than 50 km are needed.
Download or read book The Eocene Oligocene Transition written by Donald R. Prothero and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a decade of new findings and interpretation based on innovative techniques during the 1980s, archaeologists were pretty sure that 38 million years ago the earth still basked in a subtropical "greenhouse" that had lasted since the age of dinosaurs, but 5 million years later there were glaciers in the Antarctic, signalling the beginning of the "icehouse" state that we know now. Here is a summary of the present understanding of the climatic and biological changes, for nonspecialists who have some familiarity with the terms and concepts of archaeology. Paper edition (08091-3), $24. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Late Pleistocene Regional Extension Rate Derived from Earthquake Geology of Late Quarternary Faults Across Great Basin Nevada Between 38 5 and 40 N Latitude written by Richard D. Koehler (III) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Great Basin encompasses over two thirds of the Pacific/North American plate boundary and accommodates up to 25 percent of the relative plate motion by active faulting. Although the majority of the deformation within the Great Basin is concentrated along its margins, a small amount of geodetically measured strain is observed between the Central Nevada Seismic Belt and the Wasatch Front. In this area, comparison between short and long-term patterns of strain accumulation and release has been difficult due to slow deformation rates and insufficient paleoseismic data. Thus, in order to document the amount and timing of late Pleistocene displacements geologic studies were performed along ten rangefront faults distributed across US HWY 50. The faults include those bounding the Desatoya, Toiyabe, Monitor, Simpson Park, Toquima, Antelope, Fish Creek, Butte, Egan, and Schell Creek Ranges. The data include geologic maps of Quaternary deposits and fault traces, paleoseismic trenches, scarp diffusion analyses, and soil characteristics in displaced alluvial surfaces. The observations are combined with paleoseismic information from previous studies to estimate a net long-term extension rate and compared to geodetic measurements. The results provide an estimate of the amount of strain released by earthquakes (~1 mm/yr) across the interior of the Great Basin during the late Pleistocene and show within broad uncertainties that the long-term rate of strain release is similar to short-term strain accumulation over the same region. The agreement in extension rate estimates over different time scales implies that relatively slow extensional deformation has been operative in the Great Basin east of the Central Nevada Seismic Belt through the late Pleistocene. From east to west the ranges become progressively more northeast trending and crustal velocities bend to the northwest. The organization of late Pleistocene ruptures into left stepping strands that trend oblique to rangefronts and are roughly perpendicular to N60W extension may be the geomorphic expression of a component of right lateral shear within the interior of the Great Basin.
Download or read book The Terrestrial Eocene Oligocene Transition in North America written by Donald R. Prothero and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-06-13 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the latest information in dating and correlation of the strata of late middle Eocene through early Oligocene age in North America.
Download or read book Geology and Tectonics of Pakistan written by Ali H. Kazmi and published by . This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Late Holocene Environments on the Northern Periphery of the Great Basin written by Peter J. Mehringer and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Late Pleistocene and Holocene Vegetation of West Java Indonesia written by Inge-Lise Maria Stuijts and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1993 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Perspectives on Rio Grande Rift Basins From Tectonics to Groundwater written by Mark R. Hudson and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Extending from Colorado, USA, on the north to the state of Chihuahua, Mexico, on the south, the Rio Grande rift divides the Colorado Plateau on the west from the interior of the North American craton on the east. This volume focuses on the Rio Grande rift's upper crustal basins and is organized geographically with study areas progressing from north to south. Nineteen chapters cover a variety of topics, including sedimentation history, rift basin geometries and the influence of older structure on rift basin evolution, faulting and strain transfer within and among basins, relations of magmatism to rift tectonism, and basin hydrogeology"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book The Red Sea written by Najeeb M.A. Rasul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a broad overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the Red Sea, from its geological formation and oceanographic development to the environmental influences on its ecology and the changes it is experiencing due to the rapid development of its coastlines and role as one of the world’s major transport routes. The book gathers invited contributions from researchers with an interest in the geology, geophysics, oceanography and environment of the Red Sea, while also providing comprehensive new data and a complete review of the literature. It will be of interest not only to researchers actively studying the sea and its surroundings, but will also appeal to all those involved in planning and managing the Red Sea, its environment, its resources and the countries which rely on its existence.
Download or read book Fire Following Earthquake written by Charles Scawthorn and published by ASCE Publications. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared by the Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering of ASCE. This TCLEE Monograph covers the entire range of fire following earthquake (FFE) issues, from historical fires to 20th-century fires in Kobe, San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, and Northridge. FFE has the potential of causing catastrophic losses in the United States, Japan, Canada, New Zealand, and other seismically active countries with wood houses. This comprehensive book on FFE and urban conflagrations provides state-of-the-practice insight on unique issues, such as large diameter flex hose applications by fire and water departments. Topics include: History of past fires; Computer modeling of fire spread in the post-earthquake urban environment; Concurrent damage and fire impacts for water, power gas, communication and transportation systems; Examples of reliable water systems built or designed in San Francisco, Vancouver, Berkeley, and Kyoto; Use of large diameter (5 in.) and ultralarge diameter (12 in.) flex hose for fire fighting and water restoration; and Cost-effectiveness of various FFE mitigation strategies, with a detailed benefit-cost model. Water utility engineers, fire fighting professionals, and emergency response planners will benefit from reading this book.
Download or read book The TRANSMED Atlas The Mediterranean Region from Crust to Mantle written by William Cavazza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A publication of the Mediterranean Consortium for the 32nd International Geological Congress
Download or read book Reading Prehistoric Human Tracks written by Andreas Pastoors and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book explains that after long periods of prehistoric research in which the importance of the archaeological as well as the natural context of rock art has been constantly underestimated, research has now begun to take this context into focus for documentation, analysis, interpretation and understanding. Human footprints are prominent among the long-time under-researched features of the context in caves with rock art. In order to compensate for this neglect an innovative research program has been established several years ago that focuses on the merging of indigenous knowledge and western archaeological science for the benefit of both sides. The book gathers first the methodological diversity in the analysis of human tracks. Here major representatives of anthropological, statistical and traditional approaches feature the multi-layered methods available for the analysis of human tracks. Second it compiles case studies from around the globe of prehistoric human tracks. For the first time, the most important sites which have been found worldwide are published in a single publication. The third focus of this book is on firsthand experiences of researchers with indigenous tracking experts from around the globe, expounding on how archaeological sciencecan benefit from the ancestral knowledge. This book will be of interest to professional archaeologists, graduate students, ecologists, cultural anthropologists and laypeople, especially those focussing on hunting-gathering and pastoralist communities and who appreciate indigenous knowledge.--
Download or read book Relative Motions Between Oceanic and Continental Plates in the Pacific Basin written by David C. Engebretson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geology and Tectonics of Northwestern South America written by Fabio Cediel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-10 with total page 1010 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the geological evolution of the Northern Andes and contiguous shield areas, with a focus upon Colombia. Updated geological interpretations are supported by modern lithogeochemical, seismic, gravity and magnetic data and radiogenic isotope and radiometric age determinations. The composite data permits a detailed interpretation of the tectono-magmatic history of the Northern Andean Block, including the Andes of Colombia, northern Ecuador, western Venezuela and eastern Panamá. Tectonic reconstructions based upon characterization of more than thirty litho-tectonic and morpho-structural units, terrane assemblages and tectonic realms, and their bounding suture and fault systems, highlight the intimate and complementary Mesozoic-Cenozoic history of the Northern Andean Block and the Pacific and Caribbean Plates. The complex nature of Northern Andean assembly contrasts with ‘‘classical’’ Central Andean ‘‘Cordilleran-type’’ orogenic models. Differences render the application of typical Cordilleran-type models inappropriate for the Colombian Andes. The importance of underlying Proterozoic through mid-Mesozoic elements, in the development of Meso-Cenozoic Northern Andean orogeny-phase tectonic configurations is analyzed in the light of spatial-temporal studies and reconstructions related to basin formation, sedimentation, deformation, uplift mechanisms, structural style and magmatic evolution. The pre-Andean architecture of north western South America has played a pre-determinative role in the development of the Northern Andean orogenic system. 16 contributions analyze key stratigraphic, structural, metamorphic, magmatic and tectonic questions, and provide solutions as far as the most recent published field-based studies permit. The volume provides geological interpretations and tectonic models which contrast with repetitive theoretical proposals frequently found in the available literature.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics written by Harsh Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 1579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few decades have witnessed the growth of the Earth Sciences in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the planet that we live on. This development addresses the challenging endeavor to enrich human lives with the bounties of Nature as well as to preserve the planet for the generations to come. Solid Earth Geophysics aspires to define and quantify the internal structure and processes of the Earth in terms of the principles of physics and forms the intrinsic framework, which other allied disciplines utilize for more specific investigations. The first edition of the Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics was published in 1989 by Van Nostrand Reinhold publishing company. More than two decades later, this new volume, edited by Prof. Harsh K. Gupta, represents a thoroughly revised and expanded reference work. It brings together more than 200 articles covering established and new concepts of Geophysics across the various sub-disciplines such as Gravity, Geodesy, Geomagnetism, Seismology, Seismics, Deep Earth Processes, Plate Tectonics, Thermal Domains, Computational Methods, etc. in a systematic and consistent format and standard. It is an authoritative and current reference source with extraordinary width of scope. It draws its unique strength from the expert contributions of editors and authors across the globe. It is designed to serve as a valuable and cherished source of information for current and future generations of professionals.
Download or read book Caribbean Geology written by S. K. Donovan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards written by Joao C. Duarte and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-08-08 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beginning of the new millennium has been particularly devastating in terms of natural disasters associated with tectonic plate boundaries, such as earthquakes in Sumatra, Chile, Japan, Tahiti, and Nepal; the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean tsunamis; and volcanoes in Indonesia, Chile, Iceland that have produced large quantities of ash causing major disruption to aviation. In total, half a million people were killed by such natural disasters. These recurring events have increased our awareness of the destructive power of natural hazards and the major risks associated with them. While we have come a long way in the search for understanding such natural phenomena, and although our knowledge of Earth dynamics and plate tectonics has improved enormously, there are still fundamental uncertainties in our understanding of natural hazards. Increased understanding is crucial to improve our capacity for hazard prediction and mitigation. Volume highlights include: Main concepts associated with tectonic plate boundaries Novel studies on boundary-related natural hazards Fundamental concepts that improve hazard prediction and mitigation Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards will be a valuable resource for scientists and students in the fields of geophysics, geochemistry, plate tectonics, natural hazards, and climate science. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/plate-boundaries-and-natural-hazards
