Download or read book Neural Control of Renal Function written by Ulla Kopp and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers reaching the renal vasculature, the tubules, the juxtaglomerular granular cells, and the renal pelvic wall. The renal sensory nerves are mainly found in the renal pelvic wall. Increases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity reduce renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion by activation of α1-adrenoceptors and increase renin secretion rate by activation of β1-adrenoceptors. In response to normal physiological stimulation, changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute importantly to homeostatic regulation of sodium and water balance. The renal mechanosensory nerves are activated by stretch of the renal pelvic tissue produced by increases in renal pelvic tissue of a magnitude that may occur during increased urine flow rate. Activation of the sensory nerves elicits an inhibitory renorenal reflex response consisting of decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity leading to natriuresis. Increasing efferent sympathetic nerve activity increases afferent renal nerve activity which, in turn, decreases efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by activation of the renorenal reflexes. Thus, activation of the afferent renal nerves buffers changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the overall goal of maintaining sodium balance. In pathological conditions of sodium retention, impairment of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes contributes to an inappropriately increased efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the presence of sodium retention. In states of renal disease or injury, there is a shift from inhibitory to excitatory reflexes originating in the kidney. Studies in essential hypertensive patients have shown that renal denervation results in long-term reduction in arterial pressure, suggesting an important role for the efferent and afferent renal nerves in hypertension. Table of Contents: Part I: Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Neural Control of Renal Hemodynamics / Neural Control of Renal Tubular Function / Neural Control of Renin Secretion Rate / Part II: Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Renorenal Reflexes / Mechanisms Involved in the Activation of Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Part III: Pathophysiological States / Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Conclusions / References
Download or read book The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.
Download or read book Renal Function written by Heinz Valtin and published by Little Brown. This book was released on 1973 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis written by Walter H. Hörl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 1640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading Textbook on the subject. A completely rewritten and up-to-date fifth edition, based upon the highly respected fourth edition, edited by C. Jacobs, C.M. Kjellstrand, K.M. Koch and J.F. Winchester. This new edition is truly global in scope and features the contributions of the top experts from around the world.
Download or read book Chronic Renal Disease written by Paul L. Kimmel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 1390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic Renal Disease, Second Edition, comprehensively investigates the physiology, pathophysiology, treatment and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This translational reference takes an in-depth look at CKD with no coverage of dialysis or transplantation. Chapters are devoted to the scientific investigation of chronic kidney disease, the most common problems faced by nephrologists in the management of chronic kidney disease, specific illnesses in the CKD framework, and how the management of CKD in a polycystic kidney disease patient differs from other CKD patients. This award-winning reference features a series of case studies, covering both clinical aspects and pathophysiology. Questions are open ended, progressively more difficult, and repetitive across different patient clinical problems and different chapters. The cases and questions included will be useful for medical students, residency board reviews, and clinician teaching or conference preparation. Includes case studies and questions which can be used as a teaching tool for medical students and resident Provides coverage of classification and measurement, epidemiology, pathophysiology, complications of CKD, fluid/electrolyte disorders in CKD, CKD and systemic illnesses, clinical considerations, therapeutic considerations, and special considerations
Download or read book Renal Failure and Replacement Therapies written by Sara Blakeley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-06 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased recognition of the overlap between critical care and renal medicine, and recent advances in the understanding of acute renal failure and the application of renal replacement therapies, have brought increased attention to the nephrologist's role in the intensive care unit (ICU). This book is written to provide an approach for the resident in nephrology, at any level of training, with regards to critically ill patients. This text provides the information necessary to provide care for the nephrology patient in the ICU.
Download or read book Demystifying Drug Dosing in Renal Dysfunction written by Branden Nemecek and published by ASHP. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic kidney disease affects approximately 10% of adults in the United States or approximately 20 million individuals. Further, recent studies have shown that improper dosing in patients with renal dysfunction occurs over 20% of the time. ASHP’s Demystifying Drug Dosing in Renal Dysfunction addresses the persistent and challenging problem of dosing medications for patients with renal insufficiency and dysfunction.
Download or read book The Renal System written by Michael John Field and published by Churchill Livingstone. This book was released on 2010 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an integrated textbook on the renal system, covering the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of the system, all presented in a clinically relevant context appropriate for the first two years of the medical student course. One of the seven volumes in the Systems of the Body series. Concise text covers the core anatomy, physiology and biochemistry in an integrated manner as required by system- and problem-based medical courses. The basic science is presented in the clinical context in a way appropriate for the early part of the medical course. There is a linked website providing self-assessment material ideal for examination preparation.
Download or read book Uremic Toxins written by Severin Ringoir and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book contains the Proceedings of a two day Symposium on Uremic Toxins organized at the University of Ghent in Belgium. A series of guest lectures, free communications and posters have been presented. An international audience of 163 scientists from 16 nationalities listened to and discussed extensively a spectrum of topics brought forward by colleagues and researchers who worked for many years in the field of Uremic Toxins. There is a striking contrast between all the new dialysis strategies available in the work to "clean" the uremic patients and the almost non-progression of our knowledge on uremic toxins in the past decade. In this sense the symposium was felt by all participants as a new start for the research in the biochemical field of the definition of uremia. If the present volume would stimulate new work in this field in order to define uremia, or identify the uremic toxins, the purpose of the organizers would be maximally fulfilled.
Download or read book Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis written by William Drukker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 50 years after Haas' first human dialysis, and second edition by incorporating chapters on its history 40 years after Kolfrs pioneering work, a book on the and on the practical aspects. present state of the art cannot be written by one person: The size of the book has almost doubled, partly by obviously it had to be a multi-authored volume. There using more illustrations. The inclusion of a number of fore some overlap between chapters and even a few con colour reproductions has been made possible by a sup troversies between authors became unavoidable. porting grant * of the National Kidney Foundation of we deliberately avoided editorial streamlin the Netherlands, which the editors gratefully acknow However ing of manuscripts, leaving the authors' personal style ledge. We considered asking several authors to shorten their and personal opinions unaltered as much as possible. We resisted this as it would have delayed the This may make the book more vivid to read and may chapters. sometimes stimulate readers to study a subject in greater publishing date and would possibly have removed much detail from the literature. Additionally, both British and material besides being a painful task for our collea American spellings have been kept because of the inter gues.
Download or read book Nutrition in Kidney Disease written by Laura D. Byham-Gray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition in Kidney Disease, Second Edition addresses the relationships between nutrition and (1) normal kidney function and disease, (2) the progressiveness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and strategies to prevent further compromise, and (3) the treatment and management of kidney failure especially during medical crises, such as acute kidney injury and its consequent nutritional therapies (e.g., enteral and parenteral nutrition). Demographic patterns, trends and outcomes in the current health care systems are explored in the United States and abroad. Disease prevention and management are presented over the entire lifespan, beginning with pregnancy, followed by infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, concluding with the elder years. Foundations for clinical practice are established by devoting a complete section towards conducting a comprehensive nutritional assessment, comprising of anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, physical parameters and psychosocial concerns unique to the kidney disease population. Nutritional therapy is also discussed across the spectrum of kidney disease, and pertinent aspects critical to successful management of disorders and conditions, such as bone disease, obesity, and nephrotic syndrome are explored. Nutrition in Kidney Disease, Second edition highlights cutting edge research in regards to exercise and functional outcomes, malnutrition and the inflammatory response, experimental therapies, and the use of complementary and alternative medicine, with a special emphasis on relevant preventative strategies.
Download or read book Podocytopathy written by Z.-H. Liui and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-05-16 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The podocyte is a key cell that forms the last barrier of the kidney filtration unit. One of the most exciting developments in the field of nephrology in the last decade has been the elucidation of its biology and its role in the pathophysiology of inherited and acquired glomerular disease, termed podocytopathy. In this publication, world-renowned experts summarize the most recent findings and advances in the field: they describe the unique biological features and injury mechanisms of the podocyte, novel techniques used in their study, and diagnosis and potential therapeutic approaches to glomerular diseases. Due to its broad scope, this publication is of great value not only for clinical nephrologists and researchers, but also for students, residents, fellows, and postdocs.
Download or read book Renal Fibrosis Mechanisms and Therapies written by Bi-Cheng Liu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systemically presents the latest research on renal fibrosis, covering all the major topics in the field, including the possible mechanisms, biomarkers, and strategies for prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to its high prevalence, CKD represents a huge global economic and social burden. Irrespective of the initial causes, CKD progresses to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to renal fibrosis, which is characterized by glomerulosclerosis, tubule atrophy and atresia, and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the kidney. Unfortunately, an estimated 1%-2% of the adult population living with CKD will need renal replacement therapy at some point as a result of ESKD. As such, strategies for preventing or slowing CKD progression to ESKD are of utmost importance, and studies aiming to understand the mechanisms of renal fibrosis have been the focus of intensive research. Recently, novel insights into the pathophysiological processes have furthered our understanding of the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, and more importantly, promoted studies on the early diagnosis and treatment of CKD. This book draws lessons from the extensive, state-of-the-art research in this field, elaborating the new theories and new techniques to offer readers a detailed and comprehensive understanding of renal fibrosis and as well as inspiration for future research directions.
Download or read book Principles of Renal Physiology written by Christopher J. Lote and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strengths of this popular text { its conciseness and logical progr ession through renal physiology and pathophysiology { are retained in the 4th edition. The text has been updated throughout, and the content has been expanded to make the book eminently suitable for 'systems-ba sed' courses.
Download or read book Renal Vascular Disease written by Andrew C. Novick and published by Saunders. This book was released on 1996 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reference text covering all aspects of renal disease, including: pathology, clinical features, imaging, hypertension, atherosclerotic disease, medical and surgical treatment.
Download or read book Renal Pharmacotherapy written by Larry K Golightly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the population of patients with acute or chronic kidney disease grows, healthcare professionals need a resource that optimizes drug effectiveness while minimizing potential toxicity. Renal Pharmacotherapy is a comprehensive listing of dosage recommendations for patients with compromised renal function. This up-to-date and evidence-based reference closes several identified knowledge gaps concerning medications eliminated by the kidneys. Conveniently listed alphabetically by generic drug name, each drug has its own face page featuring typical dosing ranges, alternative dosing adjustments by strata of renal function, specific dosing for dialysis and other dosing schemes. This work will satisfy the dosing information needs of busy physicians involved in pharmacotherapy for patients with kidney disease, as well as pharmacists, nurses and students.
Download or read book Approaches to Chronic Kidney Disease written by Jerry McCauley and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health problem, affecting nearly one in seven adults in the United States alone. It is a disease that integrates chronic illness at several levels, and the progressive condition is associated with high rates of co-morbidity. This text provides a comprehensive, current state-of-the art review of this field, serving as a valuable resource for primary care providers and non-nephrology clinicians that treat patients with CKD. It is comprised of 24 chapters focused on specific aspects of the disease. The first 2 chapters provide a bit of background on the disease, describing the anatomy and physiology of the kidney as well as the definition and epidemiology of the disease. The following 3 chapters discuss the detection, prevention and progression of the disease. The next 6 chapters describe the relationship of the disease with other conditions and most common co-morbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. The chapters, that follow focus on the CKD associated complications and the CKD within special populations such as the elderly and minorities as well as dietary restrictions and drug dosing. The book concludes with discussion on preparation for renal replacement therapy and preemptive organ transplantation as an alternative to dialysis in the management of the advanced CKD. Written by experts in the field, Approach to Chronic Kidney Disease is a comprehensive guide for clinicians, especially primary care providers including residents and fellows in training, who take care of chronic kidney disease patients. It is also a useful tool for researchers dealing with this challenging field.
