Download or read book Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage Impacted Soil Using Water Treatment Waste and Phytoremediation written by Rajesh Guru and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal Mining is important to our modern way of life. It was an important industry in the last century in the USA. These mining activities caused habitat destruction by disrupting the soils. The disrupted soils contain a high amount of heavy metals and sulfide-containing minerals such as pyrite. In presence of water and oxygen, these pyrites form an acidic solution termed as Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) which contaminates the soil and water. The soils affected by AMD are unstable and prone to erosion. The current study mainly focused on evaluating low-cost, green, technologies for the treatment of AMD impacted soils. The first step of this study was to check the immobilization capacity of locally available industrial by-products from drinking water treatment residuals and to increase the pH of contaminated soils. The second step of this study was to check the metal uptake potential of some known hyperaccumulator plant species like Vetiver and Pokeweed that are known to survive in adverse conditions. The study was carried out on soils from an abandoned coal mine site in southern Illinois. These soils were mixed with different rates of water treatment wastes (WTW's) and manure. The above mentioned hyperaccumulators were grown on the amended soil. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the dependence of plant growth and metal uptake on different rates of WTW's and manure and metal immobilization capacity of WTW amended soil. In the experiment, both plants were able to grow in the soils amended with WTW's. The effect of WTW's on soil pH and ORP was clearly visible; metal immobilizing capacity of WTW's was less prominent apparently due to the extremely low metal content of the original soil collected from the abovementioned mine site. Phytoextraction capacity was studied for Vetiver grass and Pokeweed. It was found that Pokeweed has more phytoextraction capacity than Vetiver grass and both have complex root systems which can retard soil erosion in mine reclamation areas.

Download or read book Synergistic Application of a Municipal Waste Material and Phytoremediation Technique for Remediating Acid Mine Drainage and Impacted Soil written by Louis Akainya Ackah and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major impacts of current and pre-regulatory mining activities on the environment include the generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) and metal(loid)-laden acid sulfate soils. Current remediation techniques are mostly cost prohibitive due to high energy, material, and labor requirement. This study investigated two complementary low-cost methods that harnessed the metal(loid)-removing and acid-neutralizing properties of drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) and the uptake (phytoremediation) potential of vetiver (Vetiviera zizanioides L.) and pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) to attenuate and immobilize metal(loid)s from natural AMD and metal(loid)-contaminated soil. Metals were removed from AMD by using a reverse flow fluidized column filter and hydroponic phytoremediation with vetiver and pokeweed. Metals were immobilized in soil through the amendment with Fe and Ca-WTR complimented by the uptake and translocation of metals by vetiver and pokeweed. Experiments were performed under controlled greenhouse conditions as well as under natural Illinois environment in simulated field conditions. Furthermore, the integrated effects of WTR application and the growth of vetiver on soil erosion were also studied. Physicochemical analysis of AMD and soil samples from the Tab-Simco abandoned mine in the Illinois Coal Basin, U.S.A, showed significant concentrations of major metals and metalloids such as Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu and As at acidic pH levels. The degree of soil contamination at the site was spatially variable with respect to the location of the main AMD seep. Physical, chemical, agronomic and mineralogical characterization of locally acquired water treatment residuals (WTR) showed that the silty and alkaline (pH ≈ 7.0-9.1) materials also contained significant amounts of plant required micronutrients. The presence of amorphous phases of mostly metal (oxy)hydroxides, alkalinity, and porosity of the WTRs suggested the potential to neutralize acidity and capability to remove metal(loid)s in contaminated soils and AMD. Recorded metal removal (%MR) rate by WTR was rapid in the first 80 min in a batch agitation study, except for Mn. Thus, high metal removal ranging from 99.8% to 84.9% at selectivity sequence of Al>Fe>Cu>Zn and Mn (9.6%) was obtained at equilibrium. The pH of the AMD was also increased from 2.6 to 6.7. Analysis of leachate samples from gravity-drained columns following simulated rain events in a greenhouse study showed reduced concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, As and Pb at sustained neutral pH compared with unamended control columns during the 12 weeks study period. Metal immobilization in soil by the lower amendment rates of WTR was comparable to the higher application rates and also showed lower oxalate extractability of metals. Tissue analysis of pokeweed and vetiver hyperaccumulators showed appreciable uptake of relevant elements although translocation was relatively low in both. The analytical results at the greenhouse scale was reproducible in a simulated field scale study under natural Illinois environmental condition where the best amendment rate including 50 g/kg Fe-WTR and 15 g/kg of Ca-WTR and manure helped to improve metal(loid) retention, soil structure and enhanced vetiver growth which subsequently aided in reducing the rate of erosion to levels comparable to bermudagrass which was used as control. The developed integrated WTR fluidized column and phytoremediation technique with vetiver and pokeweed under hydroponic conditions sequentially removed significant quantities of most heavy metals from AMD. Thus, the overall findings showed that the locally collected WTRs - the otherwise waste materials, showed high metal-removing and acidity-reducing capabilities in AMD and contaminated soil treatment applications. The similarity between the results obtained from the laboratory and simulated field study also showed that laboratory/greenhouse experiments may serve as reliable proxies for field responses in applications such as soil and water conservation in agricultural environments, remediation of abandoned mine lands, as well as wastewater treatment systems.

Download or read book Soil and Sediment Remediation written by Piet Lens and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil and Sediment Remediation discusses in detail a whole set of remediative technologies currently available to minimise their impact. Technologies for the treatment of soils and sediments in-situ (landfarming, bioscreens, bioventing, nutrient injection, phytoremediation) and ex-situ (landfarming, bio-heap treatment, soil suspension reactor) will be discussed. The microbiological, process technological and socio-economical aspects of these technologies will be addressed. Special attention will be given to novel biotechnological processes that utilise sulfur cycle conversions, e.g. sulfur and heavy metal removal from soils. Also the potential of phytoremediation will be highlighted. In addition, treatment schemes for the clean-up of polluted megasites, e.g. harbours and Manufactured Gaswork Plants (MGP), will be elaborated. The aim of Soil and Sediment Remediation is to introduce the reader in: the biogeochemical characteristics of soil and sediments- new techniques to study soil/sediment processes (molecular probes, microelectrodes, NMR) clean up technologies for soils polluted with organic (PAH, NAPL, solvents) or inorganic (heavy metals) pollutants- preventative and remediative strategies and technologies available in environmental engineering novel process applications and bioreactor designs for bioremediation the impact of soil pollution on society and its economic importance.

Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage Rock Drainage and Acid Sulfate Soils written by James A. Jacobs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the tools needed to analyze and solve acid drainage problems Featuring contributions from leading experts in science and engineering, this book explores the complex biogeochemistry of acid mine drainage, rock drainage, and acid sulfate soils. It describes how to predict, prevent, and remediate the environmental impact of acid drainage and the oxidation of sulfides, offering the latest sampling and analytical methods. Moreover, readers will discover new approaches for recovering valuable resources from acid mine drainage, including bioleaching. Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils reviews the most current findings in the field, offering new insights into the underlying causes as well as new tools to minimize the harm of acid drainage: Part I: Causes of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils focuses on the biogeochemistry of acid drainage in different environments. Part II: Assessment of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils covers stream characterization, aquatic and biological sampling, evaluation of aquatic resources, and some unusual aspects of sulfide oxidation. Part III: Prediction and Prevention of Acid Drainage discusses acid-base accounting, kinetic testing, block modeling, petrology, and mineralogy studies. It also explains relevant policy and regulations. Part IV: Remediation of Acid Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils examines both passive and active cleanup methods to remediate acid drainage. Case studies from a variety of geologic settings highlight various approaches to analyzing and solving acid drainage problems. Replete with helpful appendices and an extensive list of web resources, Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils is recommended for mining engineers and scientists, regulatory officials, environmental scientists, land developers, and students.

Download or read book Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water written by Norman Terry and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytoremediation is an exciting, new technology that utilizes metal-accumulating plants to rid soil of heavy metal and radionuclides. Hyperaccumulation plants are an appealing and economical alternative to current methods of soil recovery. Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water is the most thorough literary examination of the subject available today. The successful implementation of phytoremediation depends on identifying plant material that is well adapted to specific toxic sites. Gentle remediation is then applied in situ, or at the contamination site. No soil excavation or transport is necessary. This severely contains the potential risk of the pollutants entering the food chain. And it's cost effective. The progress of modern man has created many sites contaminated with heavy metals. The effected land is toxic to plants and animals , which creates considerable public interest in remediation. But the commonly used remedies are ex situ, which poses an expensive dilemma and an even greater threat. Phytoremediation offers the prospect of a cheaper and healthier way to deal with this problem. Read Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water to learn just how far this burgeoning technology has developed.

Download or read book Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Ground Water at Hazardous Waste Sites written by Bruce E. Pivetz and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spoil to Soil Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation written by N.S. Bolan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spoil to Soil: Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation presents both fundamental and practical aspects of remediation and revegetation of mine sites. Through three major themes, it examines characterization of mine site spoils; remediation of chemical, physical and biological constraints of mine site spoils, including post mine-site land-use practices; and revegetation of remediated mine site spoils. Each theme includes chapters featuring case studies involving mine sites around the world. The final section focuses specifically on case studies with successful mine site rehabilitation. The book provides a narrative of how inert spoil can be converted to live soil. Instructive illustrations show mine sites before and after rehabilitation. The purpose of this book is to provide students, scientists, and professional personnel in the mining industry sensible, science-based information needed to rehabilitate sustainably areas disturbed by mining activities. This book is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students majoring in environmental, earth, and soil sciences; environmental and soil scientists; and mine site environmental engineers and regulators.

Download or read book Environmental Remediation Technologies for Metal Contaminated Soils written by Hiroshi Hasegawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive and detailed description of remediation techniques for metal-contaminated soils derived from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. Using a methodical, step-by-step presentation, the book starts by overviewing the origin of toxicants and the correlated comparative extent of contamination to the environment. The legal provisions as proposed or applied in different countries are then discussed to explain the global regulatory situation regarding soil contamination and the extent of consequent concern. The core part of this publication describes the major techniques for in situ or ex situ treatment of the contaminated soil to meet the regulatory limits. Finally, risk evaluation is incorporated, giving special attention to possible impacts during or after implementation of the remediation strategies. The intrusion of metals in soils mostly occurs from various anthropogenic activities, e.g., agricultural practices, industrial activities, and municipal waste disposal. The volumes of metal-contaminated soil are becoming greater than before and are ever-increasing due to rapid urbanization, intensified industrialization, and/or population booms in certain parts of the world. Hence, the options previously proposed, such as isolation of the contaminated site or movement of the contaminated mass to a secure disposal site after excavation, are becoming unsuitable from the economic point of view, and instead, decontamination alternatives are preferred. This book will help readers such as scientists and regulators to understand the details of the remediation techniques available to deal with the soils contaminated by toxic metals.

Download or read book Green Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage AMD impacted Soil and Water written by Abhishek RoyChowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Sughosh Madhav and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains both practical and theoretical aspects of groundwater resources relating to geochemistry. Focusing on recent research in groundwater resources, this book helps readers to understand the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater resources. Dealing primarily with the sources of ions in groundwater, the book describes geogenic and anthropogenic input of ions into water. Different organic, inorganic and emerging contamination and salinity problems are described, along with pollution-related issues affecting groundwater. New trends in groundwater contamination remediation measures are included, which will be particularly useful to researchers working in the field of water conservation. The book also contains diverse groundwater modelling examples, enabling a better understanding of water-related issues and their management. Groundwater Geochemistry: Pollution and Remediation offers the reader: An understanding of the quantitative and qualitative challenges of groundwater resources An introduction to the environmental geochemistry of groundwater resources A survey of groundwater pollution-related issues Recent trends in groundwater conservation and remediation Mathematical and statistical modeling related to groundwater resources Students, lecturers and researchers working in the fields of hydrogeochemistry, water pollution and groundwater will find Groundwater Geochemistry an essential companion.

Download or read book Assessment Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils written by Jaume Bech and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-09-09 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils covers processes operating in the environment as a result of mining activity, including the whole spectra of negative effects of anthropopressure and the environment, from changes in soil chemistry, changes in soil physical properties, geomechanical disturbances, and mine water discharges. Mining activity and its waste are an environmental concern. Knowledge of the fate of potentially harmful elements and their effect on plants and the food chain, and ultimately on human health, is still being understood. Therefore, there is a need for better knowledge on the origin, distribution, and management of mine waste on a global level. This book provides information on hazard assessment and remediation of the disturbed environment, including stabilization of contaminated soils and phytoremediation, and will help scientists and public authorities formulate answers to the daily challenges related to the restoration of contaminated land. Provides a thorough overview of the processes operating on mining-devastated areas, as well as origin, distribution, and deactivation of harmful elements Includes outcomes and recommendations of the Global Mining Initiative that are widely regarded as the code of conduct in the minerals industry Contains global case studies that elucidate various aspects of assessment and restoration of mine-contaminated land

Download or read book Coal Fly Ash Beneficiation written by Segun Akinyemi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book deals with various, very significant topics of coal fly ash beneficiation, such as treatment of acid mine drainage with coal fly ash, toxic metal adsorption using coal fly ash, recovery of metals from coal fly ash and phytoreclamation of abandoned acid mine drainage site after treatment with coal fly ash, the status of research in coal fly ash utilization and applications and some other related topics in this growing and increasingly important research area. Overall, coal fly ash beneficiation has come to assume an important role in most areas of waste management research today. Continued growth and emphasis on scientific research is expected in all areas of waste management and conversion of waste to wealth technologies.

Download or read book Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage Contaminated Soil by Phragmites Australis and Rhizosphere Bacteria written by Lin Guo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid mine drainage (AMD) with low pH and high levels of heavy metals affects many regions. Experiments were conducted to investigate the bioremediation potential of AMD contaminated soils via Phragmites australis, rhizosphere acidophilic heterotrophs and/or Fe(II) oxidizing bacteria (Fe(II)OB), and citric acid (CA). Field characterizations indicated that Fe plaque amounts on reeds were related to the abundance of Fe(II)OB in soil. The metal concentrations in roots of reeds also depicted a strong correlation with the soil concentrations. The Fe concentrations in soil were 413.63 [plus or minus] 7.75 mg/g which were much higher than Mn (0.04 [plus or minus] 0.00 mg/g) and Al (1.39 [plus or minus] 0.03 mg/g), while the Fe amounts in roots (13.43 [plus or minus] 5.98 mg/g) were also higher than Mn (0.09 [plus or minus] 0.03 mg/g) and Al (0.08 [plus or minus] 0.01 mg/g). Histological staining found that most of Fe and Al were stored in exodermis and endodermis of roots. Laboratory experiments indicated that Fe(II)OB enhanced the formation of Fe plaque. The root Fe plaque (108.08 [plus or minus] 12.05 mg/g) of reeds cultured in spiked soil inoculated with Fe(II)OB were higher than that without adding Fe(II)OB (88.47 [plus or minus] 5.26 mg/g). CA inhibited the formation of Fe plaque. However, acidophilic heterotrophs consumed CA and enhanced the growth of Fe(II)OB. Metal plaque may decrease the accumulation of Fe and Mn into reeds while had no important influence on Al uptake. CA enhanced Fe and Al entering stele of roots and increased metals uptake in reeds. Compared with non-contaminated reeds, wild reeds initially grown in AMD sites accumulated more metals due to the adaptability to the hostile environments. For instance, wild reeds cultured in soil added with 33.616 g/kg CA accumulated 0.32 [plus or minus] 0.01 mg/g Mn, 96.99 [plus or minus] 5.75 mg/g Fe and 3.17 [plus or minus] 0.51 Al in roots, while purchased reeds uptake 0.20 [plus or minus] 0.00 mg/g Mn, 79.21 [plus or minus] 5.95 mg/g Fe and 0.74 [plus or minus] 0.02 Al mg/g. CA, rhizosphere bacteria and reeds had interconnected impacts on remediation of AMD sites. CA significantly enhanced phytoremediation efficiency. Rhizosphere microorganisms also influenced metal bioavailability and metal uptake in reeds. Wild reeds in spiked soil or solution amended with 33.616 g/kg CA and without bacteria uptake the most metals. Further investigations are required to study the effect of CA and rhizosphere bacteria on phytoremediation of real AMD contaminated field.

Download or read book Soil and Groundwater Remediation Technologies written by Yong Sik Ok and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-23 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers various soil and water treatment technologies due to increasing global soil and water pollution. In many countries, the management of contaminated land has matured, and it is developing in many others. Topics covered include chemical and ecological risk assessment of contaminated sites; phytomanagement of contaminants; arsenic removal; selection and technology diffusion; technologies and socio-environmental management; post-remediation long-term management; soil and groundwater laws and regulations; and trace element regulation limits in soil. Future prospects of soil and groundwater remediation are critically discussed in this book. Hence, readers will learn to understand the future prospects of soil and groundwater contaminants and remediation measures. Key Features: Discusses conventional and novel aspects of soil and groundwater remediation technologies Includes new monitoring/sensing technologies for soil and groundwater pollution Features a case study of remediation of contaminated sites in the old, industrial, Ruhr area in Germany Highlights soil washing, soil flushing, and stabilization/solidification Presents information on emerging contaminants that exhibit new challenges This book is designed for undergraduate and graduate courses and can be used as a handbook for researchers, policy makers, and local governmental institutes. Soil and Groundwater Remediation Technologies: A Practical Guide is written by a team of leading global experts in the field.

Download or read book Soil Remediation written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil remediation deals with the removal of pollution or contaminants from environmental media such as soil and groundwater. This book presents new research the contamination of building materials with chemicals, which occurs as a result of storage, spills, and also catastrophic floods and hurricanes. Included in this book is an analysis and comparison of three protocols for the removal of chemicals trapped within building materials. The substantial economic consequences of heavy metal contamination in ecosystems, which poses major environmental problems world-wide, are presented as well. This book discusses the use of plants to remove or immobilise contaminants as a potentially safe and low cost method for the remediation of metal contaminated soil. Membrane techniques applied in water treatment from soil remediation are also reviewed and discussed with the aim to remove and/or recover metals and recycle water.

Download or read book Bio Geotechnologies for Mine Site Rehabilitation written by M.N.V. Prasad and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-Geotechnologies for Mine Site Rehabilitation deals with the biological, physical, chemical, and engineering approaches necessary for the reclamation of mine waste. As mining has negative effects on natural resources and deteriorates the quality of the surrounding environment, this book provides coverage across different types of mining industries, which are currently creating industrial deserts overloaded with technogenic waste. The book offers cost-effective strategies and approaches for contaminated sites, along with remediation and rehabilitation methods for contaminated soils and waste dumps. It is an essential resource for students and academics, but is also ideal for applied professionals in environmental geology, mineral geologists, biotechnologists and policymakers. Deals with global and holistic approaches of abandoned mine land rehabilitation Includes mine waste rehabilitation case studies from around the world Covers integrated technologies, such as bioremediation of metalliferous soil Provide strategies for sustainable ecosystems on mine spoil dumps Offers novel methods for the remediation of acid mine drainage

Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage written by Geoffrey S. Simate and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-09-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current book explores novel methods developed for the reuse and/or recovery of industrially useful materials from Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) including discussing AMD generation, prediction, prevention, and remediation processes. It also includes legislation and policy framework governing AMD and its environmental and health impacts.