Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Responses The TWEAK Fn14 Pathway and other TNF TNFR Superfamily Members that Activate Noncanonical NFkB Signaling written by Linda C. Burkly and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The immune system mediates tissue responses under both physiological and pathological conditions, impacting the inflammatory, fibrogenic and regenerative components. In addition to various leukocyte subsets, it is now recognized that epithelial, endothelial and other non-hematopoietic tissue cell types actively contribute to the interplay shaping tissue responses. Further understanding the molecular pathways and mechanisms mediating these tissue responses is of great interest. In the past decade, TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, FGF-inducible molecule-14 (Fn14), members of the TNF/TNFR superfamily, have emerged as a prominent molecular axis regulating tissue responses. Generally leukocyte-derived, TWEAK signals through Fn14 which is highly induced in injured and diseased tissues on the surface of parenchymal, stromal and progenitor cells, thereby orchestrating a host of tissue-shaping responses, including inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation or death, and the regulation of progenitor cells. Compelling preclinical results indicate that whereas transient TWEAK/Fn14 activation promotes productive tissue responses after acute injury, excessive or persistent TWEAK/Fn14 activation drives pathological tissue responses, leading to progressive damage and degeneration in target organs of injury, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and cancer. Given that the highly inducible pattern of Fn14 expression is well conserved between mouse and man, the role of TWEAK/Fn14 in human disease is an area of intense investigation. Recent findings have also begun to shed light on how the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway fits into the immune network, interplaying with other well-established pathways, including TNFa, IL-17, IL-13 and TGFb, in regulating tissue responses. The noncanonical nuclear factor kB (NF?B) pathway plays a role in immunity and disease pathologies and appears to be activated by only a subset of TNF/ TNFR superfamily members. Of the various signaling pathways downstream of TWEAK/Fn14, particular attention has been placed on the noncanonical NF?B pathway given that given that TWEAK induces acute activation of canonical NF?B but prolonged activation of noncanonical pathway. Thus dovetailing of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis with noncanonical NF?B pathway activation may be a key mechanism underlying tissue responses. Also of great interest is a deeper understanding of where, when and how tissue responses are regulated by other TNF/ TNFR superfamily members that can signal through noncanonical NF?B. This Research Topic issue will cover: 1. TWEAK/Fn14 pathway biology, role in tissue responses, injury, and disease pathogenesis 2. Role of noncanonical NFkB signaling cascade in tissue responses 3. Translational studies of relevance of TWEAK/Fn14 and noncanonical NFkB in human disease 4. Other TNF superfamily members’ signaling through noncanonical NFkB in the regulation of tissue responses 5. Reviews and Perspectives on the above

Download or read book Stress Activated Protein Kinases written by Francesc Posas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book leading researchers in the field discuss the state-of-the-art of many aspects of SAPK signaling in various systems from yeast to mammals. These include various chapters on regulatory mechanisms as well as the contribution of the SAPK signaling pathways to processes such as gene expression, metabolism, cell cycle regulation, immune responses and tumorigenesis. Written by international experts, the book will appeal to cell biologists and biochemists.

Download or read book Structures Signaling Mechanisms and Functions of Types I and III Interferons written by Ronald L. Rabin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-04-23 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Walter receives financial support from Pfizer. The other Topic Editor declares no competing interest with regards to the Research Topic theme.

Download or read book Non canonical Cyclic Nucleotides written by Roland Seifert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cyclic purine nucleotides 3’,5’-cAMP and 3’,5’-cGMP are well-established second messengers. cGMP has recently been covered in a volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology (volume 191). In addition to 3’,5’-cAMP and 3’,5’-cGMP, so-called non-canonical cyclic nucleotides exist. These comprise the cyclic pyrimidine nucleotides 3’,5’-cCMP and 3’,5’-cUMP, the purine nucleotide 3’,5’-cIMP, the 2’,3’-nucleoside monophosphates and cyclic dinucleotides. In this volume of the Handbook of Pharmacology, word-leading experts in the field summarize our current knowledge on these non-canonical cyclic nucleotides, discuss open questions, future research directions and the pharmacotherapeutic implications. Special emphasis will be given to the emerging roles of 3’,5’-cCMP and 3’,5’-cUMP as second messengers with regard to generators, effectors, biological functions, inactivation and bacterial toxins. The role of 3’,5’-cIMP as potential second messenger will also be critically discussed. Furthermore, we will consider transport of cyclic nucleotides and their potential role as first messengers. The role of the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP in the immune system will covered, too. Lastly, the book will present important methodological aspects ranging from mass-spectrometric methods for cyclic nucleotide detection to the synthesis of nucleotide analogs as experimental tools and holistic methods for analysis of cyclic nucleotide effects.

Download or read book Heat Shock Proteins in Signaling Pathways written by Alexzander A. A. Asea and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signaling pathways is a comprehensive mechanism by which all cellular organisms communicate internally and externally with their microenvironment. This is a highly complex and exact process. Errors in signaling pathways and in the processing of cellular information are known to be responsible for the majority of diseases including cancer, inflammatory and neurological disorders. Knowledge gained from the better understanding of signaling pathways will help in elucidating disease processes and will assist in development and design of novel targeted treatment therapies to combat human diseases and disorders. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are uniquely involved in a number of critical signaling pathways. Key basic and clinical research laboratories from major universities, academic medical hospitals, biotechnology and pharmaceutical laboratories around the world have contributed chapters that review present research activity and importantly project the field into the future. The book is a must read for graduate students. medical students, basic science researchers and postdoctoral scholars in the fields of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research, Human Physiology, Biotechnology, Cell & Molecular Medicine, Pharmaceutical Scientists and Researchers involved in Drug Discovery.

Download or read book The Dopamine Receptors written by Kim Neve and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As sites of action for drugs used to treat schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease, dopamine receptors are among the most validated drug targets for neuropsychiatric disorders. Dopamine receptors are also drug targets or potential targets for other disorders such as substance abuse, depression, Tourette’s syndrome, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Updated from the successful first edition, "The Dopamine Receptors" serves as a reference work on dopamine receptors while also highlighting the areas of research that are most active today. To achieve this goal, authors have written chapters that set a broad area of research in its historical context, rather than focusing on the research output of their own laboratories.

Download or read book Nuclear Signaling Pathways and Targeting Transcription in Cancer written by Rakesh Kumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the moment, there is no dedicated book to summarize the roles, the significance, and potential therapeutic targeting of transcriptional factors from the perspective of signaling cascade, and thus, directly impacting the functionality of transcriptional factors in cancer. In addition, this book will offer a comprehensive basic and clinical science behind the functions of representative core transcriptional factors. These chapters will serve as a treasure for all those who have an interest in the basis, progression, and targeting of human cancer. Each chapter will be intended to provide comprehensive, up-to-date information by the leaders about the physiologic and pathologic roles of TFs in specific representative organ systems of prime importance. The book will consist of chapters that will give biomedical students, under and graduate students, basic sciences and clinical cancer fellows, residents and researchers, and oncology educators will get a thorough summary of the overall subject. The readers will be able to understand the important current information and views on specific TFs and its role in cancer in areas outside their own expertise or experience. A special emphasis will be also placed on the "classic" papers as well as perspectives on future directions for the field.

Download or read book Regulation of Immunity by Non Immune Cells written by Kenji Kabashima and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-08 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Systems Biology of Transcription Regulation written by Ekaterina Shelest and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcription regulation is a complex process that can be considered and investigated from different perspectives. Traditionally and due to technical reasons (including the evolution of our understanding of the underlying processes) the main focus of the research was made on the regulation of expression through transcription factors (TFs), the proteins directly binding to DNA. On the other hand, intensive research is going on in the field of chromatin structure, remodeling and its involvement in the regulation. Whatever direction we select, we can speak about several levels of regulation. For instance, concentrating on TFs, we should consider multiple regulatory layers, starting with signaling pathways and ending up with the TF binding sites in the promoters and other regulatory regions. However, it is obvious that the TF regulation, also including the upstream processes, represents a modest portion of all processes leading to gene expression. For more comprehensive description of the gene regulation, we need a systematic and holistic view, which brings us to the importance of systems biology approaches. Advances in methodology, especially in high-throughput methods, result in an ever-growing mass of data, which in many cases is still waiting for appropriate consideration. Moreover, the accumulation of data is going faster than the development of algorithms for their systematic evaluation. Data and methods integration is indispensable for the acquiring a systematic as well as a systemic view. In addition to the huge amount of molecular or genetic components of a biological system, the even larger number of their interactions constitutes the enormous complexity of processes occurring in a living cell (organ, organism). In systems biology, these interactions are represented by networks. Transcriptional or, more generally, gene regulatory networks are being generated from experimental ChIPseq data, by reverse engineering from transcriptomics data, or from computational predictions of transcription factor (TF) – target gene relations. While transcriptional networks are now available for many biological systems, mathematical models to simulate their dynamic behavior have been successfully developed for metabolic and, to some extent, for signaling networks, but relatively rarely for gene regulatory networks. Systems biology approaches provide new perspectives that raise new questions. Some of them address methodological problems, others arise from the newly obtained understanding of the data. These open questions and problems are also a subject of this Research Topic.

Download or read book Transcription Regulation Brain Development and Homeostasis A Finely Tuned and Orchestrated Scenario in Physiology and Pathology Volume II written by Estela Maris Muñoz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A finely tuned regulation of gene expression is essential for shaping the nervous system and for maintaining its homeostasis throughout life. Disruptions in gene regulation can impact brain development and physiology in ways that contribute to diverse pathologies. The master orchestrators of gene activity in the nucleus are transcription factors, proteins that recognize and bind to specific DNA motifs in regulatory regions and drive changes in gene expression. Transcription factors act with the help of other co-factor proteins, including components of the Mediator complex, histone modifying enzymes, chromatin modelers, and DNA methylases. In addition, transcription factor activity in the nervous system can be modulated by extracellular signals, including growth factors, hormones, neuropeptides and neurotransmitters that activate specific receptors and intracellular transduction pathways. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of transcription regulation is needed in order to better describe how each element, from genes to cells, defines and maintains identities and functionalities in the healthy and diseased brain. This Research Topic is oriented to developing an integrative view about transcription regulation within the nervous system, focusing on developmental and homeostatic processes, dysregulation in functionality and expression levels and consequent associated pathologies such as neurodevelopmental disorders, brain tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Transcription regulation investigations will specifically focus on transcription factors that belong to the bHLH (e.g. NeuroD), homeobox (e.g. Islet, Pax, Rax, and Lhx) and CREB families, and on their roles over defined nervous system areas: cerebral cortex, thalamic and hypothalamic areas, interacting with the developing brain.

Download or read book Innovative Medicine written by Kazuwa Nakao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to innovative medicine, comprising the proceedings of the Uehara Memorial Foundation Symposium 2014. It remains extremely rare for the findings of basic research to be developed into clinical applications, and it takes a long time for the process to be achieved. The task of advancing the development of basic research into clinical reality lies with translational science, yet the field seems to struggle to find a way to move forward. To create innovative medical technology, many steps need to be taken: development and analysis of optimal animal models of human diseases, elucidation of genomic and epidemiological data, and establishment of “proof of concept”. There is also considerable demand for progress in drug research, new surgical procedures, and new clinical devices and equipment. While the original research target may be rare diseases, it is also important to apply those findings more broadly to common diseases. The book covers a wide range of topics and is organized into three complementary parts. The first part is basic research for innovative medicine, the second is translational research for innovative medicine, and the third is new technology for innovative medicine. This book helps to understand innovative medicine and to make progress in its realization.

Download or read book Progress in Heritable Soft Connective Tissue Diseases written by Jaroslava Halper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-18 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a reference handbook focusing on diseases like Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome and other heritable soft connective tissue diseases. The book presents detailed information for both basic scientists and for clinicians seeing patients. It is also a stepping stone for new investigations and studies that goes beyond the facts about the composition and biochemistry of the connective tissue and extracellular matrix, as the authors connect individual components to specific aspects of various soft tissue disorders and to the actual or potential treatment of them. Progress in Heritable Soft Connective Tissue Diseases features very prominent physicians and scientists as contributors who bring their most recent discoveries to the benefit of readers. Their expertise will help clinicians with proper diagnosis of sometimes elusive and uncommon heritable diseases of soft connective tissues. This book also offers an update on the pathophysiology of these diseases, including an emphasis on unifying aspects such as connections between embryonic development of the different types of connective tissues and systems, and the role of TGF-beta in development and physiology of soft tissues. This new set of data explains, at least in part, why many of these disorders are interconnected, though the primary pathophysiological events, such as gene mutations, may be different for each disorder.

Download or read book Regulation of Organelle and Cell Compartment Signaling written by Ralph A. Bradshaw and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-05 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This must-have cell signaling title will appeal to researchers across molecular biology, biochemistry, cell biology and genetics. The articles are written and edited by experts in the field and emphasize signaling to and from intracellular compartments including transcriptional responses to cytoplasmic and nuclear signaling events, chromatin remodeling and stress responses, the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum function, control of cell cycle progression and apoptosis and the modulation of the activities of mitochondria and other organelles. - Articles written and edited by experts in the field - Thematic volume covering regulation of endoplasmic reticulum function, regulation of cell cycle progression, and quality control and assurance in mitochondrion events - Up-to-date research on events in membrane proteins and proteins of intracellular matrix

Download or read book Connective Tissue Cells Advances in Research and Application 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Connective Tissue Cells: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Connective Tissue Cells. The editors have built Connective Tissue Cells: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Connective Tissue Cells in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Connective Tissue Cells: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Protein Kinase mediated Decisions Between Life and Death written by Ayse Basak Engin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein phosphorylation via protein kinases is an inevitable process that alters physiological and pathological functions of the cells. Thus, protein kinases play key roles in the regulation of cell life or death decisions. Protein kinases are frequently a driving factor in a variety of human diseases including aging and cellular senescence, immune system and endothelial dysfunctions, cancers, insulin resistance, cholestasis and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as bacterial resistance in persistent infections. Recent developments in quantitative proteomics provide important opinions on kinase inhibitor selectivity and their modes of action in the biological context. Protein Kinase-mediated Decisions Between Life and Death aims to have the reader catch insights about up-to-date opinions on “Protein Kinases” related pathways that threaten human health and life. As “Protein Kinases” are related to many health problems, clinicians, basic science researchers and students need this information. Chapter “Signal Transduction in Immune Cells and Protein Kinases” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book Diabetic Foot Ulcers Pathogenesis Innovative Treatments and AI Applications written by Muhammad E.H. Chowdhury and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-05-22 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetic Foot Ulcers - Pathogenesis, Innovative Treatments, and AI Applications is a groundbreaking compilation that offers a comprehensive examination of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) from multiple perspectives. With contributions from leading experts in the field, this book explores the epidemiology, risk factors, and underlying pathophysiology of DFUs, providing valuable insights into the complexities of this debilitating complication of diabetes. Innovative treatments for DFUs are explored in depth, including the latest advancements in wound care, bioengineered skin substitutes, growth factors, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Contributors also discuss the importance of multidisciplinary approaches and patient-centered care in effectively managing DFUs and reducing complications. A highlight of this volume is the exploration of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in DFU management. From machine learning algorithms to deep learning models and computer vision techniques, experts showcase the potential of AI in early detection, risk stratification, and personalized treatment of DFUs, paving the way for more efficient and effective clinical decision-making. With its interdisciplinary approach and cutting-edge insights, Diabetic Foot Ulcers - Pathogenesis, Innovative Treatments, and AI Applications is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, students, and healthcare professionals interested in DFU research and management. By sharing knowledge, fostering innovation, and embracing new technologies, this book aims to make significant strides towards preventing and effectively managing DFUs, ultimately improving the health and well-being of individuals affected by this challenging complication of diabetes. Diabetic Foot Ulcers - Pathogenesis, Innovative Treatments, and AI Applications is available now, providing essential reading for anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of DFUs and explore the latest advancements in treatment and care.

Download or read book The Neuropilins Role and Function in Health and Disease written by Gera Neufeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers basic research topics such as the structure-function relationships of neuropilins and mechanisms of neuropilin-mediated signal transduction, details the most important roles of the neuropilins in developmental biology, and addresses their roles in various conditions such as cancer and various eye diseases. The two neuropilin genes encode scaffold receptors that can bind several different ligands, and also associate with many other receptors and modify their activity. Further, it has been confirmed that they play important roles in the shaping of major organs and tissues such as the nervous system and the vascular system, and that they can modulate immune responses. The book offers a helpful guide for biomedical researchers and all scientists active in the neurosciences, vascular and molecular biology, as well as developmental biology and immunology.