Download or read book Regulation of LRIG1 Expression in Breast Cancer written by Catalina Simion and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present study, we investigated the regulation of the leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 (LRIG1 - a negative regulator of the ErbB family receptor tyrosine kinases) gene expression in human breast cancer cell lines and examined both its suppression and upregulation mechanisms. We first investigated the methylation status of the CpG islands in the LRIG1 promoter and determined if demethylation by the methylase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) could restore LRIG1 expression in the cell lines. The methylation status around the promoter region of the LRIG1 was detected by bisulfite modification and subsequent PCR amplification. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of these genes were determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blotting, respectively. We next investigated the correlation of LRIG1 levels with the estrogen receptor-alpha (ER[alpha]) in the human breast cancer cell line ZR-75-1. Meta analysis of gene expression data sets showed that LRIG1 expression is positively correlated to ER[alpha] status. Upon estradiol stimulation, LRIG1 transcript accumulates, as seen by qPCR. Tamoxifen and fulvestrant, ER[alpha] antagonists, blocked estrogen-induced LRIG1 expression, demonstrating that this is an ER[alpha] dependent event. Following depletion of endogenous LRIG1 by small interfering RNA, estrogen-dependent proliferation of ER[alpha] positive breast cancer cells is augmented. These findings suggest that LRIG1 is an estrogen-induced gene product that suppresses ER-dependent cell growth. Taken together, these analyses provide insight into the regulatory mechanisms which dictate LRIG1 expression in breast cancer cells. A detailed understanding of the mechanism by which this negative regulator is silenced in human tumours will lead to new approaches of restoring pathway function in cancerous cells, and eventually to new treatments of patients with ErbB-positive tumours.
Download or read book The Negative Regulatory Effects of LRIG1 on ErbB and Met Receptor Tyrosine Kinases written by Jamie Kristen Miller and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estradiol Regulation of Leucine rich Repeat Immunoglobulin like Domains Protein 1 LRIG 1 and Roles of Estrogen Receptor in Translational Regulation in Breast Cancer Cells written by Cory C. Funk and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Triple Negative Breast Cancer by MicroRNAs and Methylation written by Maxine Umeh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. A subtype of this disease, known as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounts for 10-20% of breast cancer cases, and represents the most aggressive and most metastatic subtype of breast cancer. Importantly, TNBC poses a significant clinical barrier, as there are currently no targeted therapies available, leaving systemically applied chemotherapies as the only treatment option. However, two-thirds of patients show little or no response to chemotherapeutics and will often relapse with aggressive, metastatic disease. Thus, TNBC remains both a challenge to treat and to understand. Recognizing these pressing issues, the work comprised in this dissertation is directed at developing translational approaches for the treatment of TNBC. This dissertation focuses on two distinct observations: (1) Restoration of microRNA-127 (miR-127) suppresses the growth and metastatic potential of TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo. miR-127 prodrug (miR-127[superscript PD]) significantly inhibits the growth and viability of TNBC cells, sensitizes TNBC cells to clinically relevant chemotherapeutics, restricts outgrowth of the TNBC stem cell population, and inhibits primary tumor growth and metastasis of TNBC cells in vivo. The functional effects of miR-127 are achieved, at least in part, by downregulation of oncogenic mRNA transcripts. (2) Promoter and ESR1-enhancer methylation contributes to silencing of tumor suppressor LRIG1 in TNBC. TNBCs (synonymous with the Basal molecular subtype) exhibit increased methylation of LRIG1 DNA at the promoter proximal CpG island, compared to Luminal (A/B) and Her2+ breast tumors. Increased methylation contributes to loss of LRIG1 mRNA in TNBC, and is associated with decreased patient survival. Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), a known regulator of LRIG1, contains binding sites within LRIG1 that overlap with methylated CpGs, known as ESR1-enhancer-CpGs. Methylation of these sites is increased in Basal/TNBC tumors and is another mechanism by which LRIG1 is silenced in this breast cancer subtype. Demethylation of LRIG1 DNA, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, is a feasible method for reactivation of LRIG1 expression in LRIG1-deficient TNBC cells.
Download or read book EGFR Signaling Networks in Cancer Therapy written by John D. Haley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The epidermal gro wth factor (EGF ) receptor and its downstream signal transduction networks have been implicated in the ontology and maintenance of tumor tissues, which has motivated the discovery and development of molecularly targeted anti-EGF receptor therapies. Over decades of study, the EGF receptor structure, its ligand binding domains, the physical biochemistry underlying its intrinsic tyrosine kinase catalytic function and the modular interactions with SH2, PTB, and SH3 domain containing signaling adaptor p- teins required for signal transduction, have been extensively dissected. Not only is the EGF receptor the nexus of many streams of information, but it also forms one part of a calcul- ing device by forming dimers and oligomers with the other three receptors in its family in response to at least eleven ligands (some of which are expressed in multiple forms with overlapping or quite distinct functions). This phenomenon, while recruiting to the inner surface of the cell membrane and activating multiple second messenger proteins, also allows the possibility of cross talk between these systems, permitting a further layer of information to be exchanged. Less well described are the cross re gulation of the EGF receptor and other anti-apoptotic, mitogenic and metabolic signaling systems. The study of these systems has yielded new surprises. One hurdle in these efforts has been that signal transduction pathways have frequently been defined in the generic absence of their tissue-specific or cell-interaction specific context.
Download or read book Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Oncology Research. The editors have built Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Oncology Research in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Molecular Oncology written by Frank Joseph Rauscher (III) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 985 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the origins of molecular oncology, including technologies for cancer analysis, key pathways in human malignancies, and available pharmacologic therapies.
Download or read book Cyclic Amino Acids Advances in Research and Application 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyclic Amino Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Aromatic Amino Acids. The editors have built Cyclic Amino Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Aromatic Amino Acids in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Cyclic Amino Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Tumor Vascularization written by Domenico Ribatti and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor Vascularization discusses the different types of growth of tumor blood vessels and their implications on research and healthcare. The book is divided into three parts: the first one, General Mechanisms, discusses different vessel growth mechanisms, such as sprouting angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth, intussusceptive microvascular growth, vascular co-option and vasculogenic mimicry. The second and third parts, entitled Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Implications are dedicated to translating recent findings in this field to patient treatment and healthcare. This book is a valuable source for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and members of the biomedical field who are interested in tumor progression and blood vessels. Explains new, non-orthodox concepts recently developed and related to the modality of growth of tumor blood vessels Provides information on the types of angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth and vascular co-option, discussing both their similarities and differences Encompasses a discussion on clinical implications of tumor vascularization to translate research findings into treatment
Download or read book Cancer Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neovascularization Angiogenesis and Vasculogenic Mimicry in Cancer written by César López-Camarillo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Cell Adhesion Molecules written by Vladimir Berezin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Adhesion Molecules: Implications in Neurological Diseases contains review articles on recent developments in the field of neural cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). The main focus is on the role of cell adhesion molecules in various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. This perspective has been essentially overlooked in recently published books on neural CAMs. In addition, the contributors cover many newly identified cell adhesion molecules and some that have not received much attention in recent years. This books fills an important gap in the currently available literature.
Download or read book The Molecular Chaperones Interaction Networks in Protein Folding and Degradation written by Walid A. Houry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular chaperones are a fundamental group of proteins that have been identified only relatively recently. They are key components of a protein quality machinery in the cell which insures that the folding process of any newly-synthesized polypeptide chain results in the formation of a properly folded protein and that the folded protein is maintained in an active conformation throughout its functional lifetime. Molecular chaperones have been shown to play essential roles in cell viability under both normal and stress conditions. Chaperones can also assist in the unfolding and degradation of misfolded proteins and in disaggregating preformed protein aggregates. Chaperones are also involved in other cellular functions including protein translocation across membranes, vesicle fusion events, and protein secretion. In recent years, tremendous advances have been made in our understanding of the biology, biochemistry, and biophysics of function of molecular chaperones. In addition, recent technical developments in the fields of proteomics and genomics allowed us to obtain a global view of chaperone interaction networks. Finally, there is now a growing interest in the role of molecular chaperones in diseases. This book will provide a comprehensive analysis of the structure and function of the diverse systems of molecular chaperones and their role in cell stress responses and in diseases from a global network perspective.
Download or read book Tumorigenesis Regulated by miRNAs written by Wei Ye and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-13 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Structure Functions and Role in Human Disease written by Deric L. Wheeler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: Structure, Functions and Role in Human Disease, for the first time, systematically covers the shared structural and functional features of the RTK family. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) play critical roles in embryogenesis, normal physiology and several diseases. And over the last decade they have become the Number 1 targets of cancer drugs. To be able to conduct fundamental research or to attempt to develop pharmacological agents able to enhance or intercept them, it is essential first to understand the evolutionary origin of the 58 RTKs and their roles in invertebrates and in humans, as well as downstream signaling pathways. The assembly of chapters is written by experts and underscores commonalities between and among the RTKs. It is an ideal companion volume to The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: Families and Subfamilies, which proceeds, family by family through all of the specific subfamilies of RTKs, along with their unique landmarks.
Download or read book LRIG1 Negatively Regulates the Oncogenic EGF Receptor Mutant EGFRvIII written by Monica Ann Stutz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drugs for HER 2 positive Breast Cancer written by Maria Sibilia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth factor receptors have long been known to drive malignant transformation and cancer progression. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB, HER) system is likely the best described membrane receptor tyrosine kinase family in malignant tumors. With implementation of the growth-inhibitory anti-HER-2 antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) for the treatment of HER-2-positive advanced metastatic breast cancer, a new era has dawned in the therapy of this malignant disease. Unfortunately, trastuzumab-sensitive cancers invariably develop resistance to the antibody after some time. Recent clinical studies have revealed that these refractory tumors are still responsive to inhibition of the HER receptor family using dual HER-1/-2 inhibitors such as lapatinib (Tykerb/Tyverb). Moreover, a multiplicity of novel, improved irreversibly acting small molecular HER tyrosine kinase inhibitors are in the pipeline of many drug developing companies and are being evaluated in the clinical setting.
