Download or read book Regulation of inflammation and metabolism in retinal neurodegenerative disorders written by Henri Leinonen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-05 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chronic Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Retinal Disease written by Settimio Rossi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We would like to acknowledge and thank Francesco Petrillo, Carlo Gesualdo, Chiara Bianca Maria Platania and Maria Consiglia Trottafor their support on the collection’s Editorial article.

Download or read book Tau oligomers written by Jesus Avila and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of intracellular aggregates of tau protein are a key neuropathological feature of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases, collectively termed tauopathies. The abundance of NFTs has been reported to correlate positively with the severity of cognitive impairment in AD. However, accumulating evidences derived from studies of experimental models have identified that NFTs themselves may not be neurotoxic. Now, many of tau researchers are seeking a “toxic” form of tau protein. Moreover, it was suggested that a “toxic” tau was capable to seed aggregation of native tau protein and to propagate in a prion-like manner. However, the exact neurotoxic tau species remain unclear. Because mature tangles seem to be non-toxic component, “tau oligomers” as the candidate of “toxic” tau have been investigated for more than one decade. In this topic, we will discuss our consensus of “tau oligomers” because the term of “tau oligomers” [e.g. dimer (disulfide bond-dependent or independent), multimer (more than dimer), granular (definition by EM or AFM) and maybe small filamentous aggregates] has been used by each researchers definition. From a biochemical point of view, tau protein has several unique characteristics such as natively unfolded conformation, thermo-stability, acid-stability, and capability of post-translational modifications. Although tau protein research has been continued for a long time, we are still missing the mechanisms of NFT formation. It is unclear how the conversion is occurred from natively unfolded protein to abnormally mis-folded protein. It remains unknown how tau protein can be formed filaments [e.g. paired helical filament (PHF), straight filament and twisted filament] in cells albeit in vitro studies confirmed tau self-assembly by several inducing factors. Researchers are still debating whether tau oligomerization is primary event rather than tau phosphorylation in the tau pathogenesis. Inhibition of either tau phosphorylation or aggregation has been investigated for the prevention of tauopathies, however, it will make an irrelevant result if we don’t know an exact target of neurotoxicity. It is a time to have a consensus of definition, terminology and methodology for the identification of “tau oligomers”.

Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.

Download or read book Optical Coherence Tomography written by G. Coscas and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of its many advantages optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized the way in which retinal diseases are screened and managed and how treatments are monitored. In this volume the latest developments and findings are presented by experts in their respective fields. After a short introduction covering the available equipment and the basic techniques, the imaging features of various pathological findings in retinal diseases are presented. The topics cover the outer layers including new modalities for choroid imaging, out-layer diseases such as the various types of macular degeneration, retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and vascular occlusion, and retina and vitreous interface pathologies. The final chapters are dedicated to the practicality of using OCT for the pre- and postsurgical evaluation of the posterior segment and for the differential diagnosis of vitreoretinal diseases as well as in the management of patients with retinal and neuro-ophthalmological diseases. Making the essentials of the recently held ESASO course on OCT available in one volume, this publication is a must-read for experienced as well as trainee ophthalmologists who need to use OCT in their daily practice.

Download or read book M ller Cells in the Healthy and Diseased Retina written by Andreas Reichenbach and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Müller cells may be used in the future for novel therapeutic strategies to protect neurons against apoptosis (for example, somatic gene therapy), or to differentiate retinal neurons from Müller/stem cells. Meanwhile, a proper understanding of the gliotic responses of Müller cells in the diseased retina, and of their protective vs. detrimental effects, is essential for the development of efficient therapeutic strategies that use and stimulate the neuron-supportive/-protective - and prevent the destructive - mechanisms of gliosis.

Download or read book Epigenetics Development and Disease written by Tapas Kumar Kundu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epigenetics fine-tunes the life processes dictated by DNA sequences, but also kick-starts pathophysiological processes including diabetes, AIDS and cancer. This volume tracks the latest research on epigenetics, including work on new-generation therapeutics.

Download or read book Retinoid Therapy written by W.J. Cunliffe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of the retinoids in clinical practice has primarily been in dermatology. When Dr Werner Bollag began his basic research and screening programme in the early 1960's, the expectation was that the retinoids would have a major impact on oncology. However, the laboratory and clinical experiences of Bollag and his colleagues in Switzerland, Stuttgen and Orfanos in Germany, led to publications on both etretinates (Tigason) and isotretinoin (Roaccutane) in the years between 1972 and 1976 in the field of dermatology. In fact the first symposium on retinoid research held in Berlin in 1981 was almost entirely dermatological. A year later a retinoid workshop in Iowa was designed to provide a forum for dermatolog ists from the USA involved in specific protocols investigating oral retinoids. In the UK, research into the retinoids began rather later than in Continental Europe or in the USA, although Tigason was first marketed here. It was felt in late 1982 that as many dermatologists had relatively little experience with these compounds it would be appropriate to hold an International Symposium on retinoid therapy in the UK. Thus on 16-18 May 1983 in London, 37 speakers from 11 countries addressed an audience of 300, aminly UK, dermatologists. The scientific organizing committee consisted of but two persons Dr William Cunliffe of Leeds General Infirmary, representing the European Society of Dermatolo gical Research, and myself from Roche Clinical Research. The Symposium was held under the auspices of the ESDR and of Roche Products Limited.

Download or read book Etiology of Parkinson s Disease written by Jonas H. Ellenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview of current concepts regarding the cause of Parkinson's disease-emphasizing the issues involved in the design, implementation, and analysis of epidemiological studies of parkinsonism.

Download or read book Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants written by Ismail Laher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this collection of illustrated reviews is to discuss the systems biology of free radicals and anti-oxidants. Free radical induced cellular damage in a variety of tissues and organs is reviewed, with detailed discussion of molecular and cellular mechanisms. The collection is aimed at those new to the field, as well as clinicians and scientists with long standing interests in free radical biology. A feature of this collection is that the material also brings insights into various diseases where free radicals are thought to play a role. There is extensive discussion of the success and limitations of the use of antioxidants in several clinical settings.

Download or read book Dysbiosis Obesity and Inflammation Interrelated Phenomena Causes or Effects of Metabolic Syndrome written by Kaiser Wani and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-06 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Interplay between Autophagy and Metabolic Syndrome Causes Consequences and Therapeutic Challenges written by Joilson O. Martins and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer s Disease written by Ralph N. Martins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the impact of diet, exercise, genetics, and hormones on the risk and development of Alzheimer’s and other neurogenerative diseases Diet is widely known to impact on neurological function. Nevertheless, academic texts discussing this relationship are relatively few in number. This book therefore fills an important gap in the current literature. Opening with an overview of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, the text then focuses on explaining the means by which glycemic control and lipid metabolism – and associated nutritional and lifestyle variables – may factor into such disorders’ prevention and treatment. An international group of experts in the fields of food science and neurodegeneration have contributed chapters that examine Alzheimer’s disease within a broad range of contexts. Offering dietary, genetic, and hormonal perspectives, the authors explore topics ranging from sugar consumption to digestive fermentation, and Alzheimer’s disease animal models to the cognition-enhancing effects of physical exercise. Also included are overviews of the latest research into current and developing methods of treatment and diagnosis, as well as differential diagnostics. This groundbreaking book: Explores how glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and high intake of refined carbohydrates are linked to Alzheimer's disease Discusses how genetic makeup can impact risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease Examines cognitive changes in neurodegeneration, lists current tests for determining cognitive impairment, and provides information concerning differential diagnosis Discusses potential advantages of increasing antioxidant and micronutrient intake Reviews hormonal influences on neurodegeneration Examines the links between protein intake and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease is an essential resource for researchers, medical practitioners, dietitians, and students with an interest in neurological diseases and their diagnosis and risk factors, as well as diet-related conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Lifestyle and diet influence neurodegeneration risk, and a better understanding of this evidence amongst health professionals will hopefully lead to greater public awareness of how to reduce the likelihood of these widespread conditions.

Download or read book Webvision written by Helga Kolb and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurological Disorders written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-27 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unless new discoveries are made in the prevention or treatment of stroke, Alzheimer's Disease and depression, the number of patients with these diseases is sure to increase dramatically by the year 2050. Thus, developing strategies to retard or delay the onset of stroke, AD and depression these neurological disorders is of critical important. The present monograph will provide current and comprehensive information on the relationship between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in age-related neurological disorders at the molecular level. The information described in this monograph on lifestyle (diet and exercise), genes and age is intended to facilitate and promote new discoveries for the treatment of age-related neurological disorders.

Download or read book Lipids and Inflammation in Health and Disease Volume II written by Michael Bukrinsky and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-03 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Protein Reviews written by M. Zouhair Atassi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the Protein Reviews is to serve as a publication vehicle for review articles that focus on crucial current vigorous aspects of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. The volumes will appear online before they are published in a printed book. Articles are selected according to their importance to the understanding of biological systems, their relevance to the unravelling of issues associated with health and disease or their impact on scientific or technological advances and developments. Volume 19 focusses on Purinergic receptors, also termed purinoceptors. These are plasma membrane proteins present in nearly all mammalian tissues. They participate in a number of cell functions that include proliferation and migration of neural stem cells, vascular reactivity, apoptosis and cytokine secretion and have been associated with learning and memory, feeding conduct, movement and sleep. They facilitate relaxation of smooth muscle of the gut in response to adenosine (P1 receptors) or ATP (P2 receptors). The chapters in this volume are authored by experts in the field. They deal with aspects of structure and biological activity of selected receptor proteins. The first chapter in this volume reviews the current research on the Mechanism of channel gating and regulation of the activity of calcium-activated chloride channel ANO1. This is followed by a chapter dealing with Structure and function of the two-component cytotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus and a chapter on Membrane Fusion and Infection involving the Influenza virus Hemagglutinin. The fourth chapter reviews the impact of arrhythmogenic mutations through the structural determination of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel. Then there is a chapter that discusses some open questions pertaining to histone post-translational modifications and nucleosome organization in transcriptional regulation. The next chapter deals with regulation of the extracellular SERPINA5 (protein C inhibitor) penetration through cellular membranes. This is followed by a chapter on coding of Class I and II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; a chapter on regulation of nephrin phosphorylation in diabetes and chronic kidney injury and a chapter on The Structure-Forming Juncture in oxidative protein folding and the events in the ER. Finally the last chapter deals with the polyspecificity of anti-lipid antibodies and its relevance to the development of autoimmunity. This volume is intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology and genetics.