Download or read book Regulation of Gene Expression in Enteropathogenic Bacteria Volume II written by Dongsheng Zhou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-22 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the success of this Research Topic http://journal.frontiersin.org/ researchtopic/3298/regulation-of-gene-expression-in-enteropathogenic-bacteria, we are happy to launch a second edition of the project. Pathogenic bacteria have evolved numerous strategies to survive in and to attack hosts, which can be reflected by transcriptional and posttranscriptional changes in specific genes especially including those encoding virulence determinants. Regulation of gene expression by regulatory proteins and non-coding RNAs enables the pathogens to adapt their metabolic needs and to coordinately express virulence determinants during different stages of infection.
Download or read book Regulation of gene expression in enteropathogenic bacteria Volume III written by Dongsheng Zhou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli Envelope Protein Expression by the Cpx Response and Small RNAs written by Stefanie L. Vogt and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gram-negative bacteria are characterized by their complex cell envelope, which consists of the inner membrane, outer membrane, and intervening periplasmic space. Envelope-localized proteins play a critical role in many interactions of a bacterium with its environment, including uptake of nutrients, extrusion of waste, adhesion to surfaces, and motility. As such, regulation of envelope protein expression is crucial to the survival of Gram-negative organisms such as Escherichia coli. Two regulatory systems involved in controlling envelope protein expression are the Cpx envelope stress response and small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs). The Cpx response is believed to sense misfolding of inner membrane and periplasmic proteins; in response, Cpx increases the transcription of a suite of genes encoding envelope-localized protein folding and degrading factors. sRNAs, with assistance from the RNA chaperone protein Hfq, base-pair with target mRNAs to modulate their rate of translation and/or stability. The first goal of this thesis was to examine the regulatory effects of the Cpx response and sRNAs upon the expression of the bundle-forming pilus (BFP), an envelope-localized protein complex that mediates initial interaction of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) with host cells. We found that the Cpx response affects BFP expression at multiple levels. Activation of the Cpx response represses transcription of the bfp gene cluster and prevents BFP expression, while inactivation of the Cpx response diminishes BFP expression at the post-translational level, as a result of decreased expression of periplasmic protein folding factors. The RNA chaperone Hfq also represses transcription of the bfp genes by destabilizing the perA transcript, which encodes the major regulator of bfp transcription. A second goal of this work was to characterize the interactions between the Cpx response and sRNAs. I demonstrated that the Cpx response regulates the expression of four sRNA-encoding genes. Conversely, Hfq and sRNAs also affect activity of the Cpx response, as deletion of hfq in EPEC activates the Cpx pathway, while overexpression of the sRNA RprA diminishes Cpx activity. These results deepen our understanding of how regulatory systems attune envelope protein expression to environmental and physiological conditions, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of EPEC and related organisms.
Download or read book E Coli Infections written by Luis Rodrigo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria are the most numerous commensal aerobic germs located in the human colon. Diarrhea caused by E. coli pathogenic strains is a major cause of death in developing countries, especially the sub-Saharan and South Asian areas. Some strains cause diarrhea, and all of them may produce an infectious disease. This book includes ten chapters covering the main aspects of infections related to E. coli, their pathogenic mechanisms, treatments, and resistance to diverse antibiotics.
Download or read book Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria 2 Volume Set written by Frans J. de Bruijn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 1460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria in various habitats are subject to continuously changing environmental conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, heat and cold stress, UV radiation, oxidative stress, dessication, acid stress, nitrosative stress, cell envelope stress, heavy metal exposure, osmotic stress, and others. In order to survive, they have to respond to these conditions by adapting their physiology through sometimes drastic changes in gene expression. In addition they may adapt by changing their morphology, forming biofilms, fruiting bodies or spores, filaments, Viable But Not Culturable (VBNC) cells or moving away from stress compounds via chemotaxis. Changes in gene expression constitute the main component of the bacterial response to stress and environmental changes, and involve a myriad of different mechanisms, including (alternative) sigma factors, bi- or tri-component regulatory systems, small non-coding RNA’s, chaperones, CHRIS-Cas systems, DNA repair, toxin-antitoxin systems, the stringent response, efflux pumps, alarmones, and modulation of the cell envelope or membranes, to name a few. Many regulatory elements are conserved in different bacteria; however there are endless variations on the theme and novel elements of gene regulation in bacteria inhabiting particular environments are constantly being discovered. Especially in (pathogenic) bacteria colonizing the human body a plethora of bacterial responses to innate stresses such as pH, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and antibiotic stress are being described. An attempt is made to not only cover model systems but give a broad overview of the stress-responsive regulatory systems in a variety of bacteria, including medically important bacteria, where elucidation of certain aspects of these systems could lead to treatment strategies of the pathogens. Many of the regulatory systems being uncovered are specific, but there is also considerable “cross-talk” between different circuits. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria is a comprehensive two-volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in stress and environmental control of gene expression in bacteria. Volume One contains key overview chapters, as well as content on one/two/three component regulatory systems and stress responses, sigma factors and stress responses, small non-coding RNAs and stress responses, toxin-antitoxin systems and stress responses, stringent response to stress, responses to UV irradiation, SOS and double stranded systems repair systems and stress, adaptation to both oxidative and osmotic stress, and desiccation tolerance and drought stress. Volume Two covers heat shock responses, chaperonins and stress, cold shock responses, adaptation to acid stress, nitrosative stress, and envelope stress, as well as iron homeostasis, metal resistance, quorum sensing, chemotaxis and biofilm formation, and viable but not culturable (VBNC) cells. Covering the full breadth of current stress and environmental control of gene expression studies and expanding it towards future advances in the field, these two volumes are a one-stop reference for (non) medical molecular geneticists interested in gene regulation under stress.
Download or read book The Genus Yersinia written by Robert D. Perry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-25 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 9th International Symposium on Yersinia was held in Lexington, Kentucky, USA on October 10-14, 2006. Over 250 Yersinia researchers from 18 countries gathered to present and discuss their research. In addition to 37 oral presentations, there were 150 poster presentations. This Symposium volume is based on selected presentations from the meeting and contains both reviews and research articles. It is divided into six topic areas: 1) genomics; 2) structure and metabolism; 3) regulatory mechanisms; 4) pathogenesis and host interactions; 5) molecular epidemiology and detection; and 6) vaccine and antimicrobial therapy development. Consequently, this volume covers a wide range of current research areas in the Yersinia field.
Download or read book Bacterial Invasion into Eukaryotic Cells written by Tobias A. Oelschlaeger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-01-31 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Signals Switches Regulons and Cascades written by Society for General Microbiology. Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-04-18 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Regulation of Bacterial Virulence written by Michael L. Vasil and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.
Download or read book Escherichia Coli written by Max Sussman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-03-27 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topical compilation surveys the role of Escherichia coli in health and disease, including food poisoning.
Download or read book Human Intestinal Flora written by B. S. Drasar and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bacterial Cell to Cell Communication written by Donald R. Demuth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-23 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many bacterial diseases are caused by organisms growing together as communities or biofilms. These microorganisms have the capacity to coordinately regulate specific sets of genes by sensing and communicating amongst themselves utilizing a variety of signals. This book examines the mechanisms of quorum sensing and cell-to-cell communication in bacteria and the roles that these processes play in regulating virulence, bacterial interactions with host tissues, and microbial development. Recent studies suggest that microbial cell-to-cell communication plays an important role in the pathogenesis of a variety of disease processes. Furthermore, some bacterial signal molecules may possess immunomodulatory activity. Thus, understanding the mechanisms and outcomes of bacterial cell-to-cell communication has important implications for appreciating host-pathogen interactions and ultimately may provide new targets for antimicrobial therapies that block or interfere with these communication networks.
Download or read book Stress Response Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens written by Jyl S. Matson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical factor for bacterial survival in any environment is the ability to sense and respond appropriately to insults that cause stress to the cell, threatening its survival. Most of these stressors first affect the outer surface of the bacterial cell, are sensed in some way, and defense measures are enacted in response. If the bacteria successfully respond to an encountered stress, they survive and multiply. If they are unsuccessful or inefficient in their response, it can result in death. Efficiently responding to factors that induce stress is especially important for bacteria that inhabit environments that are constantly changing, or for those that inhabit more than one biological niche. In addition, bacterial species that associate with humans and other organisms must be able to overcome stresses that are produced by the host immune response in order to colonize and cause disease. The wide variety of stressors encountered by bacteria has resulted in countless strategies that are used by pathogens to overcome these insults, which we continue to identify. Clearly, a better understanding of these stress response mechanisms may be useful for developing new strategies to combat bacteria that cause certain infectious diseases. This Research Topic aims to highlight our increasing understanding of mechanisms by which bacteria sense and respond to stresses encountered in the host or other environments. Examples of stress response mechanisms of interest include, but are not limited to those that respond to antimicrobials, host immune responses, or environmental changes.
Download or read book Bacterial Chromatin written by Remus T. Dame and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foodborne Microbial Pathogens written by Arun K. Bhunia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-21 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book primarily covers the general description of foodborne pathogens and their mechanisms of pathogenesis, control and prevention, and detection strategies, with easy-to-comprehend illustrations. The book is an essential resource for food microbiology graduate or undergraduate students, microbiology professionals, and academicians involved in food microbiology, food safety, and food defense-related research or teaching. This new edition covers the significant progress that has been made since 2008 in understanding the pathogenic mechanism of some common foodborne pathogens, and the host-pathogen interaction. Foodborne and food-associated zoonotic pathogens, responsible for high rates of mortality and morbidity, are discussed in detail. Chapters on foodborne viruses, parasites, molds and mycotoxins, and fish and shellfish are expanded. Additionally, chapters on opportunistic and emerging foodborne pathogens including Nipah virus, Ebola virus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Brucella abortus, Clostridium difficile, Cronobacter sakazakii, and Plesiomonas shigelloides have been added. The second edition contains more line drawings, color photographs, and hand-drawn illustrations.
Download or read book CDC Yellow Book 2018 Health Information for International Travel written by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.
Download or read book Hunter s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases E Book written by Edward T Ryan and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 1264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New emerging diseases, new diagnostic modalities for resource-poor settings, new vaccine schedules ... all significant, recent developments in the fast-changing field of tropical medicine. Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10th Edition, keeps you up to date with everything from infectious diseases and environmental issues through poisoning and toxicology, animal injuries, and nutritional and micronutrient deficiencies that result from traveling to tropical or subtropical regions. This comprehensive resource provides authoritative clinical guidance, useful statistics, and chapters covering organs, skills, and services, as well as traditional pathogen-based content. You’ll get a full understanding of how to recognize and treat these unique health issues, no matter how widespread or difficult to control. Includes important updates on malaria, leishmaniasis, tuberculosis and HIV, as well as coverage of Ebola, Zika virus, Chikungunya, and other emerging pathogens. Provides new vaccine schedules and information on implementation. Features five all-new chapters: Neglected Tropical Diseases: Public Health Control Programs and Mass Drug Administration; Health System and Health Care Delivery; Zika; Medical Entomology; and Vector Control – as well as 250 new images throughout. Presents the common characteristics and methods of transmission for each tropical disease, as well as the applicable diagnosis, treatment, control, and disease prevention techniques. Contains skills-based chapters such as dentistry, neonatal pediatrics and ICMI, and surgery in the tropics, and service-based chapters such as transfusion in resource-poor settings, microbiology, and imaging. Discusses maladies such as delusional parasitosis that are often seen in returning travelers, including those making international adoptions, transplant patients, medical tourists, and more.
