Download or read book Regulation of Apoptosis by AFG3L2 a Potential Oncogene written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is frequently triggered through the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Cytosolic cytochrome c then binds to a cytosolic protein known as Apaf-1, which binds to and activates the cell death protease, caspase 9. Many cancers are resistant to apoptosis induced by chemotherapies. During the course of this work we demonstrated that breast cancer cells, while resistant to release of mitochondrial cytochrome c are actually hypersensitive to cytochrome c, once it is released. Our work provides a unique point of sensitivity that might be exploited for the successful treatment of breast cancers.
Download or read book Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine written by Roberto Scatena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria are far more than the “powerhouse” of the cell as they have classically been described. In fact, mitochondria biological activities have progressively expanded to include not only various bioenergetic processes but also important biosynthetic pathways, calcium homeostasis and thermogenesis, cell death by apoptosis, several different signal transduction pathways mainly related to redox control of gene expression and so on. This functional and structural complexity may undergo important derangements so to justify the definition of ‘mitochondrial medicine’, which should include all the clinical consequences of congenital or acquired mitochondrial dysfunctions. There are actually a growing number of studies which assign a significant pathogenic role to damaged mitochondria in different diseases: ischemia/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer with its dramatic sequelae (i.e, metastasis), metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemias, just to mention a few of the most important pathologies. In this context, a further aspect that should not be disregarded is the interaction of pharmacological agents with mitochondria, not only in regard of the toxicological aspects but, above all, of the potential therapeutic applications. In fact, it is interesting to note that, while the properties of different so-called “mitoxicants” are well-known, the subtle linkages between drugs and mitochondria is still in need of a real pharmacological and therapeutic control at the clinical level. This lack of consideration can often lead to an underestimation of unwanted toxic effects but also of desirable therapeutic activities. A reevaluation of the potential clinical role of mitochondria could give a new light on some yet obscure aspects of human pathophysiology.
Download or read book Progressive Brain Disorders in Childhood written by Juan M. Pascual and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of childhood neurodegenerative and other progressive but non-degenerative disorders to guide their diagnosis and management.
Download or read book Protein Homeostasis written by Richard I. Morimoto and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper folding of proteins is crucial for cell function. Chaperones and enzymes that post-translationally modify newly synthesized proteins help ensure that proteins fold correctly, and the unfolded protein response functions as a homeostatic mechanism that removes misfolded proteins when cells are stressed. This book covers the entire spectrum of proteostasis in healthy cells and the diseases that result when control of protein production, protein folding, and protein degradation goes awry.
Download or read book Proteases in Physiology and Pathology written by Sajal Chakraborti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a multidisciplinary approach, this book describes the biochemical mechanisms associated with dysregulation of proteases and the resulting pathophysiological consequences. It highlights the role and regulation of different types of proteases as well as their synthetic and endogenous inhibitors. The role of proteases was initially thought to be limited to general metabolic digestion. However, we now know that the role of protein breakdown is much more complex, and proteases have multiple functions: they are coupled to turnover and can affect protein composition, function and synthesis. In addition to eliminating abnormal proteins, breakdown has many modulatory functions, including activating and inactivating enzymes, modulating membrane function, altering receptor channel properties, affecting transcription and cell cycles and forming active peptides. The ubiquity of proteases in nature makes them an important target for drug development. This in-depth, comprehensive is a valuable resource for researchers involved in identifying new targets for drug development. With its multidisciplinary scope, it bridges the gap between fundamental and translational research in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries, making it thought-provoking reading for scientists in the field.
Download or read book Proteases in Human Diseases written by Sajal Chakraborti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book bridges the gap between fundamental research and biomedical and pharmacological applications on proteases. It represents a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted field of proteases in cellular environment and highlights the recently elucidated functions of complex proteolytic systems in different diseases. Several established investigators have elucidated the crucial role of proteases in biological processes, including how proteolytic function and regulation can be combined to develop new strategies of therapeutic interventions. Proteases form one of the largest and most diverse families of enzymes known. It is now clear that proteases are involved in every aspect of life functions of an organism. Under physiological conditions, proteases are regulated by their endogenous inhibitors; however, when the activity of proteases is not regulated appropriately, disease processes can result in. So, there is absolute need for a stringent control of proteolytic activities in cells and tissues. Dysregulation of proteases may cause derangement of cellular signalling network resulting in different pathophysiological conditions such as vascular remodelling, atherosclerotic plaque progression, ulcer and rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer disease, cancer metastasis, tumor progression and inflammation. Additionally, many infective microorganisms require proteases for replication or use proteases as virulence factors, which have facilitated the development of protease-targeted therapies for a variety of parasitic diseases.
Download or read book Molecular Basis for Mitochondrial Signaling written by Tatiana K. Rostovtseva and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent advances in the study of structure, function, and regulation of metabolite, protein and ion translocating channels, and transporters in mitochondria. A wide array of cutting-edge methods are covered, ranging from electrophysiology and cell biology to bioinformatics, as well as structural, systems, and computational biology. At last, the molecular identity of two important channels in the mitochondrial inner membrane, the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore have been established. After years of work on the physiology and structure of VDAC channels in the mitochondrial outer membrane, there have been multiple discoveries on VDAC permeation and regulation by cytosolic proteins. Recent breakthroughs in structural studies of the mitochondrial cholesterol translocator reveal a set of novel unexpected features and provide essential clues for defining therapeutic strategies. Molecular Basis for Mitochondrial Signaling covers these and many more recent studies of mitochondria function, their communication with other organelles, and their critical roles in development, aging, and in a plethora of stressful or degenerative events. Authored by leading researchers in the field, this volume will be an indispensable reference resource for graduate students and academics working in related areas of biophysics and cell biology as well as for professionals within industry.
Download or read book Metabolic Engineering for Bioactive Compounds written by Vipin Chandra Kalia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-07 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively discusses the latest research in the area of metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering solutions for bioactive compounds are now being derived by means of heterologous gene expression, in a wide range of organisms. The book provides an overview of the model systems being employed for metabolic manipulation to yield bioactive molecules, such as single-cell proteins, antibody generation, metabolites, proteases, chaperones, therapeutic proteins, nanomaterials, polymeric conjugates, dendrimers and nanoassemblies, Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and cell lines, etc. In addition, it shares insights into the scope of these methods in the areas of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, e.g. immunotherapy for curing various diseases like cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, etc.
Download or read book Mitochondrial Physiology and Vegetal Molecules written by Marcos Roberto de Oliveira and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondrial Physiology and Vegetal Molecules: Therapeutic potential of natural compounds on mitochondrial health provides a comprehensive overview of mitochondrial physiology throughout the human life span, as well as the effect of molecules of vegetal origin on mitochondrial health. The editor has lined up a team of worldwide experts to cover the most exciting and high-impact advancements of research in this area. This book is structured into two parts that provide a balance of both foundational and applied content. Part I provides an overview of mitochondrial physiology including its structure, dynamics, biogenesis, membranes, DNA transcription, and translation in the mitochondria. Part I also covers other themes such as apoptosis. Part II then covers the effect of specific vegetable-derived molecules on mitochondrial health, including anthocyanins, caffeine, cannabinoids, carnosic and rosmarinic acids, citrus flavonoids, polyphenols, pterostilbene, resveratrol, and sulforaphane, among others. Mitochondrial Physiology and Vegetal Molecules: Therapeutic potential of natural compounds on mitochondrial health is a complete resource for researchers in this exciting field. Its comprehensive coverage makes it particularly interesting to bioscience researchers willing to understand the foundations of mitochondrial physiology throughout the human life span. Clinician researchers, MDs, nutritionists, pharmacologists, and sports scientists may be attracted to the detailed information on the health effects of vegetal origin molecules on the organelle. Contains detailed information on plant products and their effect on mitochondria Proposes therapies and reviews mechanisms of absorption at the cellular level Discusses the limited bioavailability of plant molecules/compounds in the human organism Includes coverage of specific conditions such as Sports and affective disorders, among others Presents the protective effects of plant products in mitochondrial health through all stages of life
Download or read book Evolution Emerging Functions and Structure of Actin Binding Proteins written by Lei-Miao Yin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-02 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurogenetics Part I written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic methodologies are having a significant impact on the study of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Using genetic science, researchers have identified over 200 genes that cause or contribute to neurological disorders. Still an evolving field of study, defining the relationship between genes and neurological and psychiatric disorders is evolving rapidly and expected to grow in scope as more disorders are linked to specific genetic markers. Part I covers basic genetic concepts and recurring biological themes, and begins the discussion of movement disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders, leading the way for Part II to cover a combination of neurological, neuromuscular, cerebrovascular, and psychiatric disorders. This volume in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology will provide a comprehensive introduction and reference on neurogenetics for the clinical practitioner and the research neurologist. Presents a comprehensive coverage of neurogenetics Details the latest science and impact on our understanding of neurological psychiatric disorders Provides a focused reference for clinical practitioners and the neuroscience/neurogenetics research community
Download or read book Mitochondrial Neuropathies written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondrial Neuropathies, Volume 146, brings together experts in a range of diseases that damage the nervous system to present the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in their particular field, with this new release focusing on Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease, HIV and the mitochondrial: immune interface in the CNS, The Impact of mitochondrial damage in HIV-induced peripheral neuropathy, Mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, Disorders of mitochondrial biogenesis in peripheral neuropathy, Mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, Manipulating mitochondria to treat peripheral neuropathy, and DCA therapy - the yin and yang of mitochondrial activation. Contains contributions from a diverse group of experts Presents a timely resource that brings together different fields to highlight a common pathogenic mechanism Focuses on the role of mitochondria in diverse neuropathies
Download or read book Mitochondria and Cancer written by Keshav Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly a century of scientific research has revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most common and consistent phenotypes of cancer cells. A number of notable differences in the mitochondria of normal and cancer cells have been described. These include differences in mitochondrial metabolic activity, molecular composition of mitochondria and mtDNA sequence, as well as in alteration of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. This book, Mitochondria and Cancer, edited by Keshav K. Singh and Leslie C. Costello, presents thorough analyses of mitochondrial dysfunction as one of the hallmarks of cancer, discusses the clinical implications of mitochondrial defects in cancer, and as unique cellular targets for novel and selective anti-cancer therapy.
Download or read book Organelle Contact Sites written by Mitsuo Tagaya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive coverage of the quickly evolving research field of membrane contact sites (MCS). A total of 16 chapters explain their organization and role and unveil the significance of MCS for various diseases. MCS, the intracellular structures where organellar membranes come in close contact with one another, mediate the exchange of proteins, lipids, and ions. Via these functions, MCS are critical for the survival and the growth of the cell. Owing to that central role in the functioning of cells, MCS dysfunctions lead to important defects of human physiology, influence viral and bacterial infection, and cause disease such as inflammation, type II diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. To approach such a multifaceted topic, this volume assembles a series of chapters dealing with the full array of research about MCS and their respective roles for diseases. Most chapters also introduce the history and the state of the art of MCS research, which will initiate discussion points for the respective types of MCS for years to come. This work will appeal to all cell biologists as well as researchers on diseases that are impacted by MCS dysfunction. Additionally, it will stimulate graduate students and postdocs who will energize, drive, and develop the research field in the near future.
Download or read book Targeting Cell Survival Pathways to Enhance Response to Chemotherapy written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-03-28 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Targeting Cell Survival Pathways to Enhance Response to Chemotherapy encompasses recently developed molecular targeting agents and approaches that suppress cell survival signaling. Cell survival signaling attenuates the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy and numerous mechanisms have been described, and continue to be described, which contribute to cell survival in the face of chemotherapy treatment. Key pathways leading to chemoresistance emanate from growth factor receptors, PI3K, STAT3, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, autophagy, and the DNA damage response pathway. New advances have underscored the potential of targeting each of these cell survival mechanisms to improve responsiveness to chemotherapy. This book reviews these recent advances and provides a foundational background and hints of new opportunities for basic, translational, and clinical investigators focused on improving therapeutic responses to chemotherapy. Presents cutting-edge agents and approaches with proved success in different model systems that can be translated to a different type of cancer Brings updated information to be used to propose new clinical trials investigating innovative strategies for improving responses to chemotherapy Provides mechanistic details to help guide the design of laboratory studies associated with clinical trials
Download or read book Cancer Cytogenetics written by Sverre Heim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first three editions of this acclaimed book presented a much-needed conceptual synthesis of this rapidly moving field. Now, Cancer Cytogenetics, Fourth Edition, offers a comprehensive, expanded, and up-to-date review of recent dramatic advances in this area, incorporating a vast amount of new data from the latest basic and clinical investigations. New contributors reflecting broader international authorship and even greater expertise Greater emphasis throughout on the clinical importance and application of information about cytogenetic and molecular aberrations Includes a complete coverage of chromosome aberrations in cancer based on an assessment of the 60,000 neoplasms cytogenetically investigated to date Now produced in full color for enhanced clarity Covers how molecular genetic data (PCR-based and sequencing information) are collated with the cytogenetic data where pertinent Discusses how molecular cytogenetic data (based on studies using FISH, CGH, SNP, etc) are fused with karyotyping data to enable an as comprehensive understanding of cancer cytogenetics as is currently possible
Download or read book Human Adult Stem Cells written by John Masters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-06-04 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of volume 7 of Human Cell Culture is to provide clear and precise methods for growing primary cultures of adult stem cells from various human tissues and describe culture conditions in which these adult stem cells differentiate along their respective lineages. The book will be of value to biomedical scientists and of special interest to stem cell biologists and tissue engineers. Each chapter is written by experts actively involved in growing human adult stem cells.
