Download or read book Regularity and Substructures of Hom written by Friedrich Kasch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regular rings were originally introduced by John von Neumann to clarify aspects of operator algebras ([33], [34], [9]). A continuous geometry is an indecomposable, continuous, complemented modular lattice that is not ?nite-dimensional ([8, page 155], [32, page V]). Von Neumann proved ([32, Theorem 14. 1, page 208], [8, page 162]): Every continuous geometry is isomorphic to the lattice of right ideals of some regular ring. The book of K. R. Goodearl ([14]) gives an extensive account of various types of regular rings and there exist several papers studying modules over regular rings ([27], [31], [15]). In abelian group theory the interest lay in determining those groups whose endomorphism rings were regular or had related properties ([11, Section 112], [29], [30], [12], [13], [24]). An interesting feature was introduced by Brown and McCoy ([4]) who showed that every ring contains a unique largest ideal, all of whose elements are regular elements of the ring. In all these studies it was clear that regularity was intimately related to direct sum decompositions. Ware and Zelmanowitz ([35], [37]) de?ned regularity in modules and studied the structure of regular modules. Nicholson ([26]) generalized the notion and theory of regular modules. In this purely algebraic monograph we study a generalization of regularity to the homomorphism group of two modules which was introduced by the ?rst author ([19]). Little background is needed and the text is accessible to students with an exposure to standard modern algebra. In the following, Risaringwith1,and A, M are right unital R-modules.
Download or read book Ring and Module Theory written by Toma Albu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of invited papers and articles, many presented at the 2008 International Conference on Ring and Module Theory. The papers explore the latest in various areas of algebra, including ring theory, module theory and commutative algebra.
Download or read book Abelian Groups written by László Fuchs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-12 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by one of the subject’s foremost experts, this book focuses on the central developments and modern methods of the advanced theory of abelian groups, while remaining accessible, as an introduction and reference, to the non-specialist. It provides a coherent source for results scattered throughout the research literature with lots of new proofs. The presentation highlights major trends that have radically changed the modern character of the subject, in particular, the use of homological methods in the structure theory of various classes of abelian groups, and the use of advanced set-theoretical methods in the study of un decidability problems. The treatment of the latter trend includes Shelah’s seminal work on the un decidability in ZFC of Whitehead’s Problem; while the treatment of the former trend includes an extensive (but non-exhaustive) study of p-groups, torsion-free groups, mixed groups and important classes of groups arising from ring theory. To prepare the reader to tackle these topics, the book reviews the fundamentals of abelian group theory and provides some background material from category theory, set theory, topology and homological algebra. An abundance of exercises are included to test the reader’s comprehension, and to explore noteworthy extensions and related sidelines of the main topics. A list of open problems and questions, in each chapter, invite the reader to take an active part in the subject’s further development.
Download or read book Flag transitive Steiner Designs written by Michael Huber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-21 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The characterization of combinatorial or geometric structures in terms of their groups of automorphisms has attracted considerable interest in the last decades and is now commonly viewed as a natural generalization of Felix Klein’s Erlangen program(1872).Inaddition,especiallyfor?nitestructures,importantapplications to practical topics such as design theory, coding theory and cryptography have made the ?eld even more attractive. The subject matter of this research monograph is the study and class- cation of ?ag-transitive Steiner designs, that is, combinatorial t-(v,k,1) designs which admit a group of automorphisms acting transitively on incident point-block pairs. As a consequence of the classi?cation of the ?nite simple groups, it has been possible in recent years to characterize Steiner t-designs, mainly for t=2,adm- ting groups of automorphisms with su?ciently strong symmetry properties. For Steiner 2-designs, arguably the most general results have been the classi?cation of all point 2-transitive Steiner 2-designs in 1985 by W. M. Kantor, and the almost complete determination of all ?ag-transitive Steiner 2-designs announced in 1990 byF.Buekenhout,A.Delandtsheer,J.Doyen,P.B.Kleidman,M.W.Liebeck, and J. Saxl. However, despite the classi?cation of the ?nite simple groups, for Steiner t-designs witht> 2 most of the characterizations of these types have remained long-standing challenging problems. Speci?cally, the determination of all ?- transitive Steiner t-designs with 3? t? 6 has been of particular interest and object of research for more than 40 years.
Download or read book Mathematical Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Material Substructures in Complex Bodies written by Gianfranco Capriz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-05-24 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stringent industrial requirements of sophisticated performances and of circumstantial control for micro-devices or nanotechnology manufactures, and other types of machinery at multiple scales, can be satisfied often only by resort to or allowance for complex materials. The adjective 'complex' beckons to the fact that the substructure influences gross mechanical behaviour in a prominent way and interactions due to substructural changes are represented directly. The description of the mechanical behaviour of complex bodies proposes a wide class of challenging problems from macroscopic-to-nano-world. The collection of chapters composing this book aims to explore some aspects of these problems, proposing also new matter of discussion together with specific solutions. Contributors are Carlo Cercignani, Gianfranco Capriz, Pierre Degond, Antonio Fasano, Harley T. Johnson, Sukky Jun, Krishna Kannan, Wing Kam Liu, Alberto Mancini, Paolo Maria Mariano, Ingo Müller, Kumbakonan R. Rajagopal, Jan Jerzy Slawianowski. The book can be a useful tool for Scholars and PhD students addressing their research activity toward basic mathematical and physical problems accruing from the mechanics of materials.
Download or read book The British National Bibliography written by Arthur James Wells and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 1922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphs and Homomorphisms written by Pavol Hell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book about graph homomorphisms. Graph theory is now an established discipline but the study of graph homomorphisms has only recently begun to gain wide acceptance and interest. The subject gives a useful perspective in areas such as graph reconstruction, products, fractional and circular colourings, and has applications in complexity theory, artificial intelligence, telecommunication, and, most recently, statistical physics. Based on the authors' lecture notes for graduate courses, this book can be used as a textbook for a second course in graph theory at 4th year or master's level and has been used for courses at Simon Fraser University (Vancouver), Charles University (Prague), ETH (Zurich), and UFRJ (Rio de Janeiro). The exercises vary in difficulty. The first few are usually intended to give the reader an opportunity to practice the concepts introduced in the chapter; the later ones explore related concepts, or even introduce new ones. For the harder exercises hints and references are provided. The authors are well known for their research in this area and the book will be invaluable to graduate students and researchers alike.
Download or read book Toposes Triples and Theories written by M. Barr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-09 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As its title suggests, this book is an introduction to three ideas and the connections between them. Before describing the content of the book in detail, we describe each concept briefly. More extensive introductory descriptions of each concept are in the introductions and notes to Chapters 2, 3 and 4. A topos is a special kind of category defined by axioms saying roughly that certain constructions one can make with sets can be done in the category. In that sense, a topos is a generalized set theory. However, it originated with Grothendieck and Giraud as an abstraction of the of the category of sheaves of sets on a topological space. Later, properties Lawvere and Tierney introduced a more general id~a which they called "elementary topos" (because their axioms did not quantify over sets), and they and other mathematicians developed the idea that a theory in the sense of mathematical logic can be regarded as a topos, perhaps after a process of completion. The concept of triple originated (under the name "standard construc in Godement's book on sheaf theory for the purpose of computing tions") sheaf cohomology. Then Peter Huber discovered that triples capture much of the information of adjoint pairs. Later Linton discovered that triples gave an equivalent approach to Lawverc's theory of equational theories (or rather the infinite generalizations of that theory). Finally, triples have turned out to be a very important tool for deriving various properties of toposes.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2022 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring written by Daniel Balageas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-05 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is organized around the various sensing techniques used to achieve structural health monitoring. Its main focus is on sensors, signal and data reduction methods and inverse techniques, which enable the identification of the physical parameters, affected by the presence of the damage, on which a diagnostic is established. Structural Health Monitoring is not oriented by the type of applications or linked to special classes of problems, but rather presents broader families of techniques: vibration and modal analysis; optical fibre sensing; acousto-ultrasonics, using piezoelectric transducers; and electric and electromagnetic techniques. Each chapter has been written by specialists in the subject area who possess a broad range of practical experience. The book will be accessible to students and those new to the field, but the exhaustive overview of present research and development, as well as the numerous references provided, also make it required reading for experienced researchers and engineers.
Download or read book Hearst s International written by and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Encyclopedia written by Samuel Fallows and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Evolution written by Roderick D.M. Page and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of evolution at the molecular level has given the subject of evolutionary biology a new significance. Phylogenetic 'trees' of gene sequences are a powerful tool for recovering evolutionary relationships among species, and can be used to answer a broad range of evolutionary and ecological questions. They are also beginning to permeate the medical sciences. In this book, the authors approach the study of molecular evolution with the phylogenetic tree as a central metaphor. This will equip students and professionals with the ability to see both the evolutionary relevance of molecular data, and the significance evolutionary theory has for molecular studies. The book is accessible yet sufficiently detailed and explicit so that the student can learn the mechanics of the procedures discussed. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in molecular evolution/phylogenetic reconstruction. It will also be a useful supplement for students taking wider courses in evolution, as well as a valuable resource for professionals. First student textbook of phylogenetic reconstruction which uses the tree as a central metaphor of evolution. Chapter summaries and annotated suggestions for further reading. Worked examples facilitate understanding of some of the more complex issues. Emphasis on clarity and accessibility.
Download or read book Hodge Theory written by Eduardo Cattani and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to Hodge theory—one of the central and most vibrant areas of contemporary mathematics—from leading specialists on the subject. The topics range from the basic topology of algebraic varieties to the study of variations of mixed Hodge structure and the Hodge theory of maps. Of particular interest is the study of algebraic cycles, including the Hodge and Bloch-Beilinson Conjectures. Based on lectures delivered at the 2010 Summer School on Hodge Theory at the ICTP in Trieste, Italy, the book is intended for a broad group of students and researchers. The exposition is as accessible as possible and doesn't require a deep background. At the same time, the book presents some topics at the forefront of current research. The book is divided between introductory and advanced lectures. The introductory lectures address Kähler manifolds, variations of Hodge structure, mixed Hodge structures, the Hodge theory of maps, period domains and period mappings, algebraic cycles (up to and including the Bloch-Beilinson conjecture) and Chow groups, sheaf cohomology, and a new treatment of Grothendieck’s algebraic de Rham theorem. The advanced lectures address a Hodge-theoretic perspective on Shimura varieties, the spread philosophy in the study of algebraic cycles, absolute Hodge classes (including a new, self-contained proof of Deligne’s theorem on absolute Hodge cycles), and variation of mixed Hodge structures. The contributors include Patrick Brosnan, James Carlson, Eduardo Cattani, François Charles, Mark Andrea de Cataldo, Fouad El Zein, Mark L. Green, Phillip A. Griffiths, Matt Kerr, Lê Dũng Tráng, Luca Migliorini, Jacob P. Murre, Christian Schnell, and Loring W. Tu.
Download or read book The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook written by Susan Dutcher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-02-15 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook, 3rd Edition Cell Motility and Behavior (Volume 3) The gold-standard reference?introducing this multidisciplinary science,?fully revised and updated with the latest discoveries Originally published as the standalone Chlamydomonas Sourcebook, then expanded as the third volume in a three-part comprehensive gold-standard reference,?The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook: Cell Motility and Behavior has been fully revised and updated to include the wealth of new resources for the Chlamydomonas community. Reflecting the significant advancement in?the understanding of the role of basal bodies and cilia play in human diseases, this volume employs quantitative proteomics and mass spectroscopy as well as?cryo?EM tomography and single particle?cryo?EM. Other topics such as current insights?on?mitosis and cytokinesis, ciliary assembly and motility, intraflagellar?transport, and more help build an understanding of human diseases of the cilium. Cell Motility and Behavior presents the latest in research and best practices, making this a must-have resource for researchers and students working in plant science and photosynthesis, fertility, mammalian vision, and biochemistry; crop scientists; plant physiologists; and plant, molecular, and human disease biologists. Provides an essential reference to a model species for the study of mechanisms of motility in free living cells? Includes methods for Chlamydomonas motility research? Includes a table listing the known proteins (with NCBI accession numbers) for each structure discussed, and the known mutations that affect each structure and process
Download or read book Smarandache Near Rings written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2002 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Generally, in any human field, a Smarandache Structure on a set A means a weak structure W on A such that there exists a proper subset B in A which is embedded with a stronger structure S. These types of structures occur in our everyday life, that's why we study them in this book. Thus, as a particular case: A Near-Ring is a non-empty set N together with two binary operations '+' and '.' such that (N, +) is a group (not necessarily abelian), (N, .) is a semigroup. For all a, b, c in N we have (a + b) . c = a . c + b . c. A Near-Field is a non-empty set P together with two binary operations '+' and '.' such that (P, +) is a group (not necessarily abelian), (P \ {0}, .) is a group. For all a, b, c I P we have (a + b) . c = a . c + b . c. A Smarandache Near-ring is a near-ring N which has a proper subset P in N, where P is a near-field (with respect to the same binary operations on N).
