Download or read book Regional Acidification Models written by Juha Kämäri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to provide meaningful information for evaluating environmental consequences of alternative control strategies of air pollutant emissions, scientists have recently initiated numerous studies aiming at collecting and making use of regional data. New kinds of mathematical models have been developed that no longer are calibrated just for individual stands or catchments but can be applied on a large regional scale. Such regional models and data were reviewed at a meeting" Models to describe the geographic extent and time evolution of acidification and air pollution damage", organized by the Finnjsh Research Project on Acidification (HAPRO), and held in Aulanko, Hiimeenlinna, Finland, July 5-8, 1988. This volume is based on the outcome of that meeting. The chapters of the volume are written by leading scientists in the field. The main objective of this volume is to discuss the potential of regional models to analyze the geographic extent of acidification as well as the environmental damage and the time evolution of:the responses of the environment. First, in Part I of the volume, sensitivity distributions of ecosystems, forest soils and surface waters are described. The focus of interest is therefore extended from the most sensitive ecosystems to sensitive and moderately sensitive parts of the environment. When formulating national and interna tional targets, it is of crucial importance to know the whole distribution of critical loads within the area, and not only the level the most sensitive ecosystem can tolerate.
Download or read book Impact Models to Assess Regional Acidification written by Juha Kämäri and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-03-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensitive receptors such as soil and fresh bodies of water are at the end of a long chain of events in the process of regional acidification. This chain begins thousands of kilometers upwind at the emitters of acidifying pollutants. The topics covered in this book are important in the study of regional acidification for two reasons. First, it is important to assess the sensitivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to the deposition of acidifying pollutants. If the sensitivity of an ecosystem is known, then international control strategies can be developed to reduce deposition in the receptor areas of greatest importance. This is an impor tant factor in designing the most effective strategies because of the very high costs of reducing emissions of acidifying pollutants. Second, it is important to be able to predict changes in ecosystems for decades into the future, whether it be an improvement owing to decreases in aci difying emissions or, alas, a further deterioration because control strategies are nonexistent or inadequate. In either event, it is important to be able to judge the results of our actions. Decision makers tend to be mistrustful of models unless they can judge their reliability. The application and testing of the models in Part III of this book cover, therefore, an important facet of model building.
Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.
Download or read book The Regional Acidification Information and Simulation RAINS Model of Acidification Science and Strategies in Europe written by Alcamo J Ed and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Acidification Models Geographic Extent and Time Development Models to Describe the Geographic Extent and Time Evolution of Acidification and Air Pollution Damage organized by the Finnish Research Project on Acidification HAPRO Hameenlinna Finland July 5 8 1988 written by Kamari J Ed and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional model of acidification for Wales written by A. Jenkins and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Model for Analyzing Lake Water Acidification on a Large Regional Scale written by Juha Kämäri and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A comparison of methods for estimating soil characteristics in regional acidification models an application of the MAGIC model to Scotland written by R C. Helliwell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bridging the gap between ocean acidification impacts and economic valuation written by International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Global Marine and Polar Programme. and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the first international workshop on the economics of ocean acidification organized by the Centre Scientifique de Monaco and the International Atomic Energy Agency in 2010, a second international workshop was held in November 2012, which explored the level of risk, and the resilience or vulnerability of defined regions of the world ocean in terms of fishery and aquaculture species and economic impacts, and social adaptation. This report includes the findings and recommendations of the respective regional working groups and is the result of an interdisciplinary survey of ocean acidification-sensitive fisheries and aquaculture.
Download or read book Uncertainty in Modeling Regional Environmental Systems written by Jean-Paul Hettelingh and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Direct Distribution Model for Regional Aquatic Acidification written by Mitchell J. Small and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acidification Research in the Netherlands written by T. Schneider and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-08-21 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the results and conclusions of extensive research on the causes and effects of acidification of forests/forest soils and heathland in the Netherlands. In 1985 the Dutch Priority Programme on Acidification was started in order to give a more concrete form to the increasing interest of policy-makers in the effects of air pollution on ecosystems in particular. In the last three years, the research has focused on obtaining a more accurate estimate of the emission of ammonia on the deposition of SOx, NOy and NHx, and also on quantifying effects on forest and heathland ecosystems. This quantification of effects included experimental work model analyses, and derivation of critical loads and levels for forest and heathland ecosystems. Furthermore, scenario analyses were made with the Dutch Acidification Systems Model (DAS) in order to evaluate the effectiveness of policy measures. The research itself, which formed the basis for this book, has been described in the reports on individual projects. A summary of the scientific results and conclusions is given in thematic reports (added as annex). An independent Review Team has provided a critical assessment of the research carried out since 1988. The Review Report has been incorporated as annex.
Download or read book Sensitivity Analysis of a Regional Scale Soil Acidification Model written by L. Kauppi and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Model for Analyzing Lake Water Acidification on a Large Regional Scale Part 1 written by Juha Kamari and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A model for analyzing lake water acidification on a large regional scale written by Juha Kämäri and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamic modelling of acidification processes regional application written by R P. Collins and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
