Download or read book Reforming the European Commission s Enforcement of Cartel Law written by Peter Whelan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few would deny that the European Commission has an impressive track record with respect to anti-cartel enforcement. At present, however, a lacuna exists with respect to its enforcement powers: it cannot to impose fines on natural persons who are responsible for their companies' cartel activity. This article argues that, in order to achieve the deterrence of cartel activity, the Commission should be invested with the power to impose individual administrative sanctions for violations of the EU-level cartel prohibition. Although such sanctions have a drawback in terms of their vulnerability to indemnification, the stigmatization policy currently pursued by the Commission with respect to cartel activity provides considerable scope to prevent the issue of indemnification from undermining the potential deterrent effect of individual administrative sanctions.
Download or read book The EU Leniency Policy written by Baskaran Balasingham and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2016-04-24 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union (EU) leniency programme is a key weapon in the Commission’s fight against hard-core cartels. Much of the success of EU cartel enforcement depends on the continued effectiveness of the leniency policy and is especially critical in response to the growth of private enforcement. This book offers a comprehensive description of the development of the policy, along with a normative framework that promises to ensure the full legitimacy of the leniency programme: the Commission’s policy should pursue not only effectiveness but also fairness. It is the first work to extensively analyse the effectiveness and fairness in the EU leniency policy. Proceeding systematically from clarifying the concepts of ‘effectiveness’ and ‘fairness’ to addressing the tension between leniency and private actions for damages, the author discusses the nature of, and interrelations among, such aspects as the following: – the theoretical model of the EU fining policy; – the compatibility of the EU enforcement system with fundamental rights protection; – the gathering and evaluation of evidence at the preliminary investigation stage; – the severity and foreseeability of the EU cartel fines; – judicial review by the EU Courts in competition matters; – to what extent the current policy is effective and fair; and – reforms brought about by the 2002 and 2006 Leniency Notices and the leniency-related amendments by the 2014 Antitrust Damages Directive. A key feature is the author’s presentation of a normative framework to test the effectiveness (deterrence) and substantive fairness (retribution) of the EU leniency policy. As a clear demonstration of how to forestall the danger of focusing on effectiveness of leniency at the expense of fairness, both in a substantive and in a procedural sense, this book is a major contribution to the literature of competition law. It will prove to be of great value to competition authorities, antitrust practitioners and interested academics not only in Europe but also throughout the world.
Download or read book EU Cartel Enforcement written by Andreas Scordamaglia-Tousis and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has a been a long-standing debate on the compatibility of EU competition law with fundamental rights protection, particularly as the latter is enshrined in the due process requirements of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). This book, a signal contribution to that debate, assesses two questions of paramount concern: first, whether the current level of fundamental rights protection in cartel enforcement falls within the accepted ECHR standards; and second, how the often conflicting objectives of effectiveness and adequate protection of fundamental rights could optimally be achieved. Following a detailed survey of relevant EU institutional, substantive, and procedural law rules, the author offers a set of persuasive normative responses to both questions. Proceeding from an in-depth analysis of the pertinent rights and legal nature of competition proceedings under EU and ECHR law, the author goes on to examine such elements of the perceived incompatibility as the following: investigatory powers vested in competition authorities; the privilege against self-incrimination; right to privacy; “fair trial” probatory requirements; degree of use of presumptions in EU practice; Article 6 ECHR guarantees pertaining to the presumption of innocence; proving coordination of competitive behaviour; proving restriction of competition; admissibility of evidence before EU Courts and the Commission; assessment of the attribution of liability rules; EU fining rules; judicial review of cartel decisions by EU Courts; and national sanctioning rules. The author’s extraordinarily thorough presentation is rounded off with a remarkably comprehensive bibliography that lists (in addition to books and articles) newspaper articles, EU regulations and directives, soft-law guidelines and “best practices”, EU and ECtHR case law, EU Advocate General opinions, European Commission decisions, and European Ombudsman decisions. General conclusions stress the necessity of introducing further reforms to enhance the effectiveness and legitimacy of fundamental rights in the context of competition proceedings. Few books have taken such a thorough and far-reaching approach to the reconciliation of “effective public enforcement” and “fundamental rights”, or of “effective deterrence” with the principles of legality, non-retroactivity, presumption of innocence, and ne bis in idem. In the depth of its appraisal of the entire spectrum of enforcement components from a fundamental rights perspective, the book is without peers. It will be warmly welcomed by any parties interested in the intersection of competition law and human rights.
Download or read book Presumption of Innocence in EU Anti Cartel Enforcement written by Aistė Mickonytė and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the author examines the compliance of the European anti-cartel enforcement procedure with the presumption of innocence under Article 6(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights.
Download or read book Competition Enforcement and Procedure written by Renato Nazzini and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first work to disentangle the procedural complexities of the interplay between public and private enforcement of competition law in the EU and in the UK as well as in its transnational, multi-jurisdictional dimension. Now in its second edition, the work considers a number of crucially important legal developments in relation to the enforcement of competition law globally and within the European Union including the EU Directive on damages actions, the reforms of the UK public enforcement regime in the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013, the reforms of the UK private enforcement regime brought about by the Consumer Rights Act 2015, and recent case law developments on public and private enforcement. This volume contains an in-depth examination of the principles and policies underlying the interplay of administrative, criminal and civil proceedings and explains in detail the practical solutions and strategies available in light of the relevant legislation and case law. Fully revised and updated with developments in jurisprudence across the US, UK, and EU, this is the most comprehensive and authoritative practitioner guide to this fast-moving and complex area of law.
Download or read book Due Process and Fair Trial in EU Competition Law written by Cristina Teleki and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-05-17 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Due Process and Fair Trial in EU Competition Law, Cristina Teleki addresses the complex relationship between Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The book is built around the idea that big business can threaten democracy. Due process and fair trial should be central to the process of addressing bigness through competition law, by safeguarding independent decision-making and judicial review and by preventing competition authorities from growing into administrative behemoths threatening democracy from inside. To show this, the book combines a comprehensive review of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights with insight from economics, psychology and systems theory.
Download or read book Research Handbook on EU Health Law and Policy written by Tamara K. Hervey and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The steady expansion of the European Union’s involvement in health over the past 20 years has been accelerated by recent events. This handbook offers an up-to-date analytical overview of the most important topics in EU health law and policy. It outlines, as far as possible, the direction of travel for each topic and suggests research agenda(s) for the future.
Download or read book Bellamy Child written by David Bailey and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competition Law and Policy in the EU --Article 101(1) --Article 101(3) --Market Definition --Cartels --Non-Covert Horizontal Cooperation --Vertical Agreements Affecting Distribution or Supply --Merger Control --Intellectual Property Rights --Article 102 --The Competition Rules and the Acts of Member States --Sectoral Regimes --Enforcement and Procedure --Fines for Substantive Infringements --The Enforcement of the Competition Rules by National Competition Authorities --Litigating Infringements in National Courts --State Aids.
Download or read book Law and Competition in Twentieth Century Europe written by David J. Gerber and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting economic competition has become a major objective of government in Western Europe, and competition law has become a central part of economic and legal experience. National competition laws have long helped shape the relationship between government and the economy, and theirinfluence has grown dramatically during the last decade. Competition law has also played a key role in the process of European integration, and is likely to do so in the future. Yet, despite its importance, images of European experience with competition law often remain vague and are sometimesdangerously distorted. This book examines that experience, analysing the dynamics of European competition law systems, revealing their impacts and assessing the political and economic issues they raise.
Download or read book The Reform of EC Competition Law written by Ioannis Kokkoris and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a fresh approach to EC competition law - one that is of singular value in grappling with the huge economic challenges we face today. As a critical analysis of the law and options available to European competition authorities and legal practitioners in the field, it stands without peer. It will be greatly welcomed by lawyers, policymakers and other interested professionals in Europe and throughout the world.
Download or read book The Public Competition Enforcement Review written by Aidan Synnott and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The European Commission of the Twenty First Century written by Hussein Kassim and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Co-authored by an international team of researchers and drawing on interviews with senior officials, The European Commission of the Twenty-First Century tests, challenges and refutes many widely held myths about the Commission and the people who work for it.
Download or read book EC Competition Law Reform written by Barry E. Hawk and published by Juris Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2002-10-01 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 Hardcover Volume.This volume includes selected chapters from the annual proceedings of the Fordham Corporate Law Institute. The general subject is the reform of EC competition law enforcement. This has been the subject of many Fordham conferences over the years. Indeed, EC Commission officials have stated that the modern reform proposals presently being considered had their roots at Fordham.The present volume includes seminal articles and critiques of the EC competition law regime as well as very recent discussions of the Commission's proposal for reform. Because much of the literature on EC competition law reform is scattered, the present volume should be useful in including in one place a broad selection of articles and roundtable discussions.The chapters cover not only institutional and jurisdictional issues like decentralization and sharing of powers between the Commission and the EC member states, but also substantive issues like the scope of Article 81 and the rule(s) of reason. These and other issues are examined from both an analytical and historical perspective which greatly facilitates understanding of the future implications of the reform measures presently being debated.In sum, the chapters are not merely of historical interest: problems and questions of ongoing importance are discussed.
Download or read book The Modernisation of EU Competition Law Enforcement in the European Union written by Dermot Cahill and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-06-17 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international survey covering the domestic anti-trust laws of 25 EU member states.
Download or read book Regulating Cartels in Europe written by Christopher Harding and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most contentious and high-profile aspects of EU competition law and policy has been the regulation of those serious competition or antitrust violations now often referred to as 'hard core cartels'. Such cartel activity typically involves large and powerful corporate producers and traders operating across Europe and beyond, and comprise practices such as price fixing, bid rigging, market sharing, and limiting production in order to ensure 'market stability' and maintain and increase profits. There is little disagreement now, in terms of competition theory and policy at both international and national levels, regarding the damaging effect of such trading practices on public and consumer interests, and such cartels have been subject to increasing condemnation in the legal process of regulating and protecting competition. Regulating Cartels in Europe provides critical evaluation of the way in which European-level regulation has evolved to deal with the activities of such anti-competitive business cartels. They trace the historical development of cartel regulation in Europe, comparing the more pragmatic and empirical approached favored in Europe with the more dogmatic and uncompromising American policy on cartels. In particular, the work considers critically the move towards the use of fully fledged criminal proceedings in this area of legal control, examining evolving aspects of enforcement policy such as the use of leniency programs and the deployment of a range of criminal law and other sanctions. This new edition of the work covers emerging themes and arguments in the discipline, including the judicial review of decisions against cartels, the criminological and legal basis of the criminalization of cartel conduct, and the range and effectiveness of sanctions used in response to cartel activity.
Download or read book The Foundations of European Union Competition Law written by Renato Nazzini and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Article 102 TFEU prohibits the abuse of a dominant position as incompatible with the internal market. Its application in practice has been controversial with goals as diverse as the preservation of an undistorted competitive process, the protection of economic freedom, the maximisation of consumer welfare, social welfare, or economic efficiency all cited as possible or desirable objectives. These conflicting aims have raised complex questions as to how abuses can be assessed and how a dominant position should be defined. This book addresses the conceptual problems underlying the tests to be applied under Article 102 in light of the objectives of EU competition law. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book covers all the main issues relating to Article 102, including its objectives, its relationship with other principles and provisions of EU law, the criteria for the assessment of individual abusive practices, and the definition of dominance. It provides an in-depth doctrinal and normative commentary of the case law with the aim of establishing an intellectually robust and practically workable analytical framework for abuse of dominance.
Download or read book Reforming the European Union written by Andrew Duff and published by Federal Trust. This book was released on 1997 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: 1.State of the union - 2.In with the euro - 3.Building the Union - 4.Security of the Union - 5.Enlarging the Union - 6.Justice and fair play - 7.Prosperity of the Union - 8.Divided we stand?
