Download or read book Reflectivity Retention of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by Roger W. McNees and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book State of the art and Objectives of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by Roger W. McNees and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book On the Retention of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers Final Report written by John Thomas Tielking and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Executive Summary Significant Results and Assorted Tests and Procedures for Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by Roger W. McNees and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Retention of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by James S. Noel and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book On the Retention of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by John Thomas Tielking and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Retention of Reflective Raised Pavement Markers written by James S. Noel and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federally Coordinated Program of Highway Research Development and Technology Annual Progress Report Fiscal Year 1985 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spacing of Raised Reflective Pavement Markers written by Judson S. Matthias and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Permanent Raised Pavement Markers written by Geni Brafman Bahar and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 518: Safety Evaluation of Permanent Raised Pavement Markers examines the safety performance of snowplowable permanent raised pavement markers on two-lane roadways and four-lane freeways"--Publisher's description.

Download or read book Federally Coordinated Program of Highway Research Development and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of Measures to Improve Field Performance of Retroreflective Raised Pavement Markers written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retroreflective raised pavement markers (RRPMs) are routinely used in Texas to supplement highway pavement markings. In recent years, problems of marker failure such as poor retention on pavements, physical damage, and loss of retroreflectivity are common. All marker models used in Texas meet the requirements set by American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) specifications. However, their performance varies significantly. The results from existing testing methods also do not correlate with field performance. It is therefore critical to identify or develop new lab testing methods that can accurately predict marker performance in the field. This report presents the research conducted over the three-year period to develop new lab tests that can predict marker field performance. Four field test decks were installed and monitored. Retroreflectivity and physical condition data were collected on six selected RRPM models at four deck locations that were selected based on traffic condition, pavement surface type, geographic and other environmental factors. Currently recommended ASTM tests, modified ASTM tests, and other new lab tests were conducted. Finite element modeling (FEM) of RRPMs under tire-marker impact and lab setting testing was also conducted. The marker performances from the test decks, under lab tests, and in simulation are compared. Based on the results of comparisons, a new lab test that best correlates with the field performance of the RRPMs is recommended.

Download or read book An Evaluation of Reflective Markers written by Sidney Q. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Reflective Pavement Markers written by B. K. Beede and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Raised Pavement Markers written by Hollis B. Rushing and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Durable Retroreflective Pavement Markings and Markers Increase Visibility for Drivers in Wet Night Conditions written by Misty A. Boos and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing retroreflectivity of markings during rainy, foggy, nighttime conditions is a major challenge. Research has shown that pavement markings reduce crashes at night on dry pavement, but not at night on wet pavement. (Migletz, 2002 pg. 6) Because of the need to improve visibility for drivers under adverse conditions, recent research (2000 to the present) has been targeted toward understanding visibility needs and developing minimum retroreflectivity specifications for different driver groups under different environmental conditions. Research on this topic has been compiled in this RSB in section II: "Wet Night Visibility of Pavement Markings." Increased retroreflectivity performance in wet, night conditions may help to reduce fatalities, but ensuring and defining this improved performance includes a particular set of challenges. For example, "Pavement marking retroreflectivity under wet pavement conditions averaged only 46% of the comparable values under dry pavement conditions. For example, to achieve a wet pavement retroreflectivity of 150 mcd/m2/lux, the marking would need a dry-pavement retroreflectivity of 326 mcd/m2/lux." (Migletz, 2002 pg. 2) Challenges to improving retroreflectivity performance mentioned in recent research include: Type of material and installation methods; Service life, durability and cost of durable materials; Damage to materials by forces such as weather and traffic wear; Setting minimum reflectivity standards (as cited in the MUTCD 2003 and/or by state DOTs); Developing strategies and tools to measure retroreflectivity; Marking and marker installation issues including increasing shortages of skilled workers for installation and maintenance; Location of installation, climate and traffic load on roadway; Funding and standards for maintenance; Many new technologies entering the market, each requiring evaluation; Environmental regulations; Product acceptance and approval; Driver needs (including differing needs based on driver age and time of day); Vehicle type and the visibility concerns of trucks vs. cars. The durability and service life of retroreflective materials is of particular concern because the service life of some pavement markings and markers can be very short (as little as 6 months in some cases). When these markings fail or their reflectivity is reduced drivers experience difficulty seeing the road. (Migletz, 2002). The following organizations have explored the durability or service-life of pavement markers and markings. Their work can be found in section I: "Durability of Retroreflective Pavement Markings, Markers": Texas Transportation Institute (TTI); Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC); Federal Highway Administration (FHWA); New Jersey DOT; Alabama DOT; Oregon DOT; Florida DOT; Georgia DOT; Indiana DOT; American Society of Civil Engineers; ARRB Group Ltd. The following organizations have proposed research into retroreflectivity or wet, nighttime driving conditions. Their proposals can be found in this RSB Section III: "Research in Progress": Oregon State University; Iowa State University; Mississippi State University; North Dakota DOT; Pennsylvania DOT. When durable, retroreflective pavement markings are properly selected for a site and installed and maintained correctly they can help drivers navigate in wet night conditions and they have the potential to decrease traffic fatalities. Research, listed in the following pages, provides an overview of current work, but much exploration remains to be done on this complex issue.

Download or read book Evaluation of Raised and Recessed Pavement Markers written by Kaaren Hofmann and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: