Download or read book Refined Benefit cost Analysis of Federal Environmental Regulations and Corporate Strategic Planning written by Robert E. Randall and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Policy Under Reagan s Executive Order written by Vincent Kerry Smith and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Policy Under Reagan's Executive Order: The Role of Benefit-Cost Analysis
Download or read book Cost benefit Analysis Can be Useful in Assessing Environmental Regulations Despite Limitations written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efficiency in Environmental Regulation written by Ralph A. Luken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A management agency --such as a publicly or privately owned electric utility -- must, if it is to be efficient in carrying out its day-to-day tasks, have a means of monitoring its performance to assess the efficiency of its operations and the effectiveness of its planning. For example, how did the demand for electricity compare with that assumed in planning? How effective were the incentives applied to induce energy conservation by users? Such ex post analyses are essential for improving the planning process and hence for improving decisions with respect to efficiency and resource allocation. Unfortunately, it seems to be very difficult for public agencies to make such ex post evaluations an integral part of agency activities, whether the agencies are "producers," e. g. , the Corps of Engineers or the Bureau of Reclamation with respect to water resources management, or are regulatory agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency or the Food and Drug Administration. Here and there a few ex post analyses of agency programs have been done, but rarely by the responsible agency itself. These analyses have attempted to compare the results actually achieved with the results estimated in planning, either in terms of project outputs or in terms of effectiveness of regulatory and/or economic incentives in inducing desired changes in behavior.
Download or read book The Cost benefit State written by Cass R. Sunstein and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2002 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the current topic of Federal Government regulations increasingly assessed by asking whether the benefits of the regulation justifies the cost of the regulation.
Download or read book Cost benefit Analysis and Environmental Regulations written by Daniel Swartzman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Benefit cost Analysis Guide for Regulatory Programs written by Canada. Treasury Board. Regulatory Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canada's federal regulatory policy contains mandatory requirements that departments and agencies, before sponsoring a regulation, must show that regulation is the best alternative and that the regulatory program is structured to maximise the gains to beneficiaries in relation to costs to Canadians. This document is a guide to the use of cost benefit analysis for demonstrating that a proposed regulation maximises net benefit. It reviews how cost benefit analysis fits into the regulatory process, provides a framework for choosing regulatory and non-regulatory alternatives, and describes the type and level of analysis that must be completed before preparing Regulatory Impact Analysis Statements. The guide ends with sections on evaluating impacts to business, consumer impact assessment, evaluation of risk and uncertainty, cost estimation, discounting, and evaluation of environmental quality & other public goods.
Download or read book Reviving Rationality written by Michael A. Livermore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, administrations of both political parties have used cost-benefit analysis to evaluate and improve federal policy in a variety of areas, including health and the environment. Today, this model is under grave threat. In Reviving Rationality, Michael Livermore and Richard Revesz explain how Donald Trump has destabilized the decades-long bipartisan consensus that federal agencies must base their decisions on evidence, expertise, and analysis. Administrative agencies are charged by law with protecting values like stable financial markets and clean air. Their decisions often have profound consequences, affecting everything from the safety of workplaces to access to the dream of home ownership. Under the Trump administration, agencies have been hampered in their ability to advance these missions by the conflicting ideological whims of a changing cast of political appointees and overwhelming pressure from well-connected interest groups. Inconvenient evidence has been ignored, experts have been sidelined, and analysis has been used to obscure facts, rather than inform the public. The results are grim: incoherent policy, social division, defeats in court, a demoralized federal workforce, and a loss of faith in government's ability to respond to pressing problems. This experiment in abandoning the norms of good governance has been a disaster. Reviving Rationality explains how and why our government has abandoned rationality in recent years, and why it is so important for future administrations to restore rigorous cost-benefit analysis if we are to return to a policymaking approach that effectively tackles the most pressing problems of our era.
Download or read book Benefit cost Analysis in Environmental Health and Safety Regulation written by Kenneth Joseph Arrow and published by A E I Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This primer highlights both the strengths and the limitations of benefit-cost analysis in the development, design, and implementation of regulatory reform.
Download or read book Government Operations written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO reported on the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) major efforts to prepare cost-benefit analyses to support regulatory decisions, as required under Executive Order 12291. In addition, it discussed the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) review of those analyses and identified many problems that affect the potential usefulness of cost-benefit analyses for assessing environmental regulations. GAO found large gaps in the underlying scientific information which EPA uses to estimate the environmental benefits of its regulatory alternatives. EPA has also had difficulty determining how much people are willing to pay for health and environmental improvements. However, a cost-benefit analysis can still provide useful information to regulatory decisionmakers if EPA presents a range of dollar values which reflect the uncertainty of the estimates. Some environmental laws place more emphasis on the level of cleanup to be achieved than on the costs involved, and they may prohibit or limit the use of cost-benefit analyses in setting standards and regulations. In addition, cost-benefit analyses are not transmitted to Congress. Executive Order 12291 generally requires EPA and other federal agencies to provide a detailed cost-benefit analysis for any major regulation. However, the Order allows for a great deal of flexibility in establishing the estimated costs of proposed regulations, and EPA has not always considered all important compliance costs to determine whether a proposed rule is a major regulation. In addition, GAO found that EPA failed to consider all possibilities in determining which alternative would yield a higher net benefit. GAO also found that EPA cost-benefit analyses generally highlighted only single-dollar estimates in summary form, while ranges of estimates for other categories were available but not used. Despite these problems, OMB has generally accepted the EPA analyses.
Download or read book Benefit cost Analysis in U S Environmental Regulatory Decisions written by Kenneth William Easter and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: As the number and cost of environmental regulations have increased over the last thirty years, the regulated community, taxpayers, and policy makers have begun to demand that the benefits of regulations justify their costs. The use of benefit-cost analysis as an integral part of developing new regulations is increasing and the demands and expectations being placed on the method have expanded. Although benefit-cost analysis is expected to play an even greater role in environmental decision making in the years ahead, questions remain concerning whether benefit-cost analysis can meet these expectations. This paper explores the role of benefit-cost analysis in US public investment and environmental decision making and examines how benefit-cost methods are responding to new analytic demands. It reviews the US experience with benefit-cost analysis at the Federal and State levels of government and discusses several applications to environmental regulations, illustrating how such analysis can contribute to decision-making as well as pointing out some of the method's pitfalls. The paper also discusses how several important (and sometimes controversial) methodological issues-including intergenerational equity, the distribution of benefits and costs, uncertainty and risk, and the measurement of the value of non-market goods and services-might be addressed practically as benefit-cost analysis is further extended into environmental policy and regulation. Finally, the paper concludes with recommendations for the future use of benefit-cost analysis in environmental decision making.
Download or read book Retaking Rationality written by Richard L. Revesz and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since in 1981, the federal Office of Management and Budget and the federal courts have used cost-benefit analysis extensively to determine which environmental, health, and safety regulations are approved and which are sent back to the drawing board. However, cost-benefit analysis is ill-understood both by the public affected by these regulatory decisions and many of the interests groups - such as environmentalists, consumer groups, and labor organizations - that tend to advocate for stronger regulations. Industry and other antiregulatory interests, however, have embraced cost-benefit analysis as a tool to justify deregulation and weak regulation. The result is that cost-benefit analysis has come to have an antiregulatory bias, tending to over-count costs and under-count benefits. Retaking Rationality: How Cost-Benefit Analysis Can Better Protect the Environment and Our Health argues that cost-benefit analysis can be a neutral tool of policy analysis, but only if proregulatory interests - and the broader public - join the debate over how cost-benefit is conducted and how it is used. The book sets out the historical origins of antipathy toward cost-benefit analysis, discusses eight "fallacies" that tend to bias cost-benefit analysis against strong regulation and shows how the institutional arrangements of regulatory review lead to antiregulatory bias. For each of the problems that are identified, concrete solutions are offered, giving those interested in joining the debate over cost-benefit analysis a clear agenda for reform. Authors Richard L. Revesz and Michael A. Livermore offer an optimistic vision for a more balanced approach to cost-benefit analysis, as well as a clear roadmap for how to get there.
Download or read book A Guide to Making Rational Environmental Economics Decisions in Five Easy Steps written by Robert Randall and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a career of more than 30 years with a top Fortune 500 company using that very same technique to convert an environmental program from a cost center to a revenue generator, Dr. Randall is openly sharing that technique. As organizations face greater challenges to control spending while meeting more dramatic demands to go "green" this simple, comprehensive guide will help any organization attain the greatest economic efficiency by making rational assessments about what activities it should, or should not, pursue. After presenting some background information, you will be taken step-by-step through a mock refined benefit-cost analysis. Each organization is different and has its own set of dynamics; therefore, it will be up to each analyst to determine what variables to include or exclude from the benefit-cost model. Clear definitions are included in table form to assist in the assignment of variables.
Download or read book Better Air written by Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authorities and responsibilities of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) derive primarily from a dozen major environmental statutes. This book provides a concise summary of one of those statutes, the Clean Air Act. It provides a brief history of federal involvement in air quality regulation and of the provisions added by legislation in 1970, 1977 and 1990. It also explains major authorities contained in the Act as well as key terms and references for more detailed information on the Act and its implementation.
Download or read book Cost Benefit Analysis and the Environment Recent Developments written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-30 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth assessment of the most recent conceptual and methodological developments in cost-benefit analysis and the environment.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Regulation written by John F. McEldowney and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring an original introduction by the editors, this important collection of essays explores the main issues surrounding the regulation of the environment. The expert contributors illustrate that regulating the environment in the UK is conceptually complex, involves a diverse range of institutions, techniques and methodologies and crosses geographical and national boundaries. In the USA it is more formalised, juridical, adversarial and formally dependent upon legal rules. The articles highlight the fact that despite differences in the UK and the USA's regulatory styles, environmental regulation today has much in common with both traditions.
