Download or read book Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L Response to Fall and Spring Prescribed Burning written by Julie Godberson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growth and Morphological Responses of Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L and Climax Timothy Phleum Pratense L Under Different Management Systems written by R. Dwain Horrocks and published by . This book was released on with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology and Control of Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L on Irrigation Ditchbanks written by Richard Durward Comes and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) is a desirable pasture grass on wet areas in the Northern United States and Southern Canada, but it is a serious and troublesome ditchbank weed in the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountain States. The purpose of this study was to learn more about the development, growth habits, and control of reed canarygrass on irrigation ditchbanks. Ninety-seven percent or more of the seed of this species germinated ediately after harvest under favorable conditions. Seeds stored in damp sand at constant temperatures of 1 and 23C for periods of time up to one year did not germinate until they were subjected to alternating temperatures of 20 and 30C. The first rhizome development on reed canarygrass seedlings grown in the greenhouse was observed 26 days after emergence. Within 16 weeks after emergence, the plants were in bloom and had 48 short rhizomes (6.5 cm maximum) per plant. In the field, 88 percent or more of the emergent: shoots on established plants originated from rhizome or tiller buds located in the upper 5 cm of soil. Some shoots developed from buds located at depths up to 20 cm, but none arose from a greater depth. Several vegetative characteristics of reed canarygrass plants collected from six irrigation projects in four states differed widely when grown in a garden at Prosser, Washington. The plant height, seed weights, panicle length, leaf length, leaf width, number of stems per plant, stem diameter, and the rate of spread by rhizomes were statistically different at the 5% level of probability. Large differences in the color and posture of the leaves were also observed. Plants collected near Huntley, Montana, were the most vigorous. Total available carbohydrates in the roots and rhizomes of established reed canarygrass were not affected by single applications of 2,2,dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) at 22 kg/ha, 3-amino-s-triazoleammonium thiocyanate (amitrole-T) at 4.5 kg/ha, or 1,1i-dimethy1-4,4'- bipyridinium ion (paraquat) at 1.1 kg/ha until 2 months after treatments were applied in May. By October, single applications of dalapon and amitrole-T and five repeated applications of paraquat reduced the carbohydrates 24, 28, and 50 percent, respectively. Two additional treatments of dalapon or amitrole-T or five additional treatments of paraquat in the second year of the study did not reduce the carbohydrate levels below those present during the first year. Dalapon and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), applied to the soil or to the senescent foliage in November at rates from 22 to 88 kg/ha, provided good to excellent temporary control of reed canarygrass without denuding ditchbanks. Redtop (Avostis alba L.) and reed canarygrass seedlings developed on the treated areas the following summer and reed canarygrass retained the dominant position unless the seedlings and plants that escaped the fall treatment were controlled with post-emergence applications of dalapon or amitrole-T. When the latter plants were controlled, redtop developed from natural or artificial seeding of the ditchbank and became the dominant species. Maximum residue levels of TCA in irrigation water ranged from 104 to 225 ppb following fall applications of TCA at 82 kg/ha to both banks of three irrigation laterals that ranged from 4 to 14.5 kilometers long. Average residue levels at the downstream ends of the laterals during the first four hours that water flowed through them in the spring ranged from 34 to 47 ppb. Eight hours after the initial flow of water through laterals 4, 8.4, and 14.5 kilometers long, residue levels were less than 1 ppb in the two shortest laterals and only 2.7 ppb in the longest lateral. No residues were detectable in the water from any of the laterals after 48 hours.
Download or read book The Feasibility of Using Prescribed Burning to Control Reed Canary Grass phalaris Arundinacea L Populations in Wisconsin Wetlands written by Christina M. Reyes and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Variability in Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L written by Arden A. Baltensperger and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Direct and Correlated Responses to Selection for Specific Leaf Weight in Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L written by Anake Topark-Ngarm and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L in the Pacific Northwest written by Francis George Naglich and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Herbicide Efficacy on Reed Canary Grass Phalaris Arundinacea by Testing a Plant Growth Hormone Application Times and Herbicide Type written by Denise Lynn Fong and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phalaris arundinacea, also known as reed canary grass (RCG), is a non-native invasive grass that thrives in floodplains. RCG plants displace native flora which reduces diversity in otherwise species rich wetlands. This is a widespread problem throughout many parts of the USA. RCG can grow by its seeds or its rhizomes. Its seeds are capable of surviving long periods in soil. RCG can potentially be controlled by multi-year treatments in early spring and early fall with broad spectrum or grass specific herbicides. The goal of this study was to optimize methods to control RCG, in order to increase species diversity. One objective was to examine effects of broad spectrum herbicide AquaNeat® (glyphosate), and grass specific Fusilade II® (fluazifop-p-butyl) applied in either spring or fall, or both spring and fall at two field sites in order to ascertain which combination(s) of treatment can potentially control RCG. Both field sites were in zones affected by floods and contained at least 95% cover of RCG. A second objective asked whether pretreatment with a plant growth hormone called X-CyteTM (kinetin), shown to release buds from dormancy to enhance impact of herbicides, would enhance any of the affects revealed by the first seasonal and herbicide based experiments. Based on biomass measurements, single herbicide application in either spring or fall was less effective than treatment in the spring followed by treatment in the fall. Kinetin in the field appeared to have no significant effect on the efficacy of either herbicide type, but this result may be due to the timing of application. Kinetin applied at a lower height in the greenhouse successfully released above ground buds from dormancy and appeared to produce a full kill. However, further observation revealed that rhizomes were not killed. Thus, field results combined with greenhouse results suggest kinetin is of little value in augmenting kill of RCG. Overall, glyphosate was more successful than fluazifop-p-butyl in reducing RCG biomass and percent cover. This was especially noticeable on a flat site with an initial monoculture of RCG. Treatment of glyphosate in spring and fall did not completely harm desirable plants; a stand of greenheaded coneflowers grew in a treated area where RCG was once a monoculture, probably from below ground dormant material. Spring treatment killed RCG top growth, but it was unclear whether underground rhizomes were killed. RCG sprayed just prior to flowering in summer failed to produce seed. In greenhouse experiments (likely simulating spring conditions), fluazifop-p-butyl treated plants suffered top kill, but all apparently dead rhizomes held at less than -0°C (simulating vernalization) grew new shoots after return to 23°C. This shows that early successful control may be short lived, which would require repeated treatment in successive years.
Download or read book Wildland Fire in Ecosystems written by and published by Forest Service. This book was released on 2008 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-knowledge review of information on relationships between wildland fire and nonnative invasive plants can assist fire managers and other land managers concerned with prevention, detection, and eradication or control of nonnative invasive plants. The 16 chapters in this volume synthesize ecological and botanical principles regarding relationships between wildland fire and nonnative invasive plants, identify the nonnative invasive species currently of greatest concern in major bioregions of the United States, and describe emerging fire-invasive issues in each bioregion and throughout the nation. This volume can help increase understanding of plant invasions and fire and can be used in fire management and ecosystem-based management planning. The volume's first part summarizes fundamental concepts regarding fire effects on invasions by nonnative plants, effects of plant invasions on fuels and fire regimes, and use of fire to control plant invasions. The second part identifies the nonnative invasive species of greatest concern and synthesizes information on the three topics covered in part one for nonnative invasives in seven major bioregions of the United States: Northeast, Southeast, Central, Interior West, Southwest Coastal, Northwest Coastal (including Alaska), and Hawaiian Islands. The third part analyzes knowledge gaps regarding fire and nonnative invasive plants, synthesizes information on management questions (nonfire fuel treatments, postfire rehabilitation, and postfire monitoring), summarizes key concepts described throughout the volume, and discusses urgent management issues and research questions.
Download or read book Agronomy Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes abstracts of the annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy; Soil Science Society of America; Crop Science Society of America ( - of its Agronomic Education Division).
Download or read book Reed Canarygrass written by and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agronomic and Quality Evaluation of Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L written by Anthony P. W. Sachs and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Country Gentleman written by and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 1238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coverage: 1982- current; updated: monthly. This database covers current ecology research across a wide range of disciplines, reflecting recent advances in light of growing evidence regarding global environmental change and destruction. Major ares of subject coverage include: Algae/lichens, Animals, Annelids, Aquatic ecosystems, Arachnids, Arid zones, Birds, Brackish water, Bryophytes/pteridophytes, Coastal ecosystems, Conifers, Conservation, Control, Crustaceans, Ecosyst em studies, Fungi, Grasses, Grasslands, High altitude environments, Human ecology, Insects, Legumes, Mammals, Management, Microorganisms, Molluscs, Nematodes, Paleo-ecology, Plants, Pollution studies, Reptiles, River basins, Soil, TAiga/tundra, Terrestrial ecosystems, Vertebrates, Wetlands, Woodlands.
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index 1861 1972 Agriculture written by Xerox University Microfilms and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
