Download or read book Reduction in Language written by R. S. Meyerstein and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Reduction in Language".
Download or read book Noise Reduction in Speech Applications written by Gillian M. Davis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noise and distortion that degrade the quality of speech signals can come from any number of sources. The technology and techniques for dealing with noise are almost as numerous, but it is only recently, with the development of inexpensive digital signal processing hardware, that the implementation of the technology has become practical. Noise Reduction in Speech Applications provides a comprehensive introduction to modern techniques for removing or reducing background noise from a range of speech-related applications. Self-contained, it starts with a tutorial-style chapter of background material, then focuses on system aspects, digital algorithms, and implementation. The final section explores a variety of applications and demonstrates to potential users of the technology the results possible with the noise reduction techniques presented. The book offers chapters contributed by international experts, a practical, systems approach, and numerous references. For electrical, acoustics, signal processing, communications, and bioengineers, Noise Reduction in Speech Applications is a valuable resource that shows you how to decide whether noise reduction will solve problems in your own systems and how to make the best use of the technologies available.
Download or read book Rethinking Reduction written by Francesco Cangemi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonetically reduced forms are plentiful, theoretically interesting, and a key challenge for automatic speech recognition systems. Yet canonical forms are still central to models of production and perception. Drawing from different fields and diverse languages, this volume brings new insights to the debate on abstractions and canonical forms in linguistics: their psychological reality, descriptive adequacy, and technical implementability.
Download or read book The Psychology of Language written by Trevor A. Harley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2001 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive study of the psychology of language explores how we speak, read, remember, learn and understand language. The author examines each of these aspects in detail.
Download or read book Whaddaya Say Book Cassette Package written by Weinstein and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-use listening book introduces students to the most common reduced forms of spoken English -- fully contextualized in conversations both practical and entertaining.
Download or read book Markedness written by Paul de Lacy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Markedness' refers to the tendency of languages to show a preference for particular structures or sounds. This bias towards 'marked' elements is consistent within and across languages, and tells us a great deal about what languages can and cannot do. This pioneering study presents a groundbreaking theory of markedness in phonology. De Lacy argues that markedness is part of our linguistic competence, and is determined by three conflicting mechanisms in the brain: (a) pressure to preserve marked sounds ('preservation'), (b) pressure to turn marked sounds into unmarked sounds ('reduction'), and (c) a mechanism allowing the distinction between marked and unmarked sounds to be collapsed ('conflation'). He shows that due to these mechanisms, markedness occurs only when preservation is irrelevant. Drawing on examples of phenomena such as epenthesis, neutralisation, assimilation, vowel reduction and sonority-driven stress, Markedness offers an important insight into this essential concept in the understanding of human language.
Download or read book The Messianic Reduction written by Peter Fenves and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Messianic Reduction is the first study of Benjamin's early philosophy that takes into consideration the full range of his work, with particular emphasis on its complex relation to phenomenology, Kant and neo-Kantianism, and certain developments in mathematics.
Download or read book Vowel Reduction in Optimality Theory written by Katherine Crosswhite and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Accent Reduction For Professionals How to Eliminate Your Accent to Sound More American written by Whitney Nelson and published by Whitney Nelson. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strong Accents Can Affect Hiring Chances In “Accent Reduction For Professionals”, you’ll discover secrets of reducing – and eliminating – your foreign accent. Envision the ability to present a contract or proposal to your colleagues and not worrying about how you sound, confident in knowing that you’ve effectively masked your tell-tale accent and how everyone is listening to what you are saying and not how you’re saying. With this guide, you’ll quickly learn the easiest ways to sound more like an American and dramatically improve the way you sound. What insights can you be assured of learning when you read and implement the tips, tricks, and techniques revealed in this concise book? • 8 secrets to quickly and effortlessly reducing your accent • The Number 1 method of acquiring not only accent elimination but the intonation and syllable stress of native English speakers. • What are the sounds that English speakers use daily that are difficult, if not seemingly impossible, for those who are still learning to master the intonation and other nuances of the language This Guide will Also Reveal How to Overcome: • The use the “s” or the “z” sounds at the ends of words. (What you didn’t know that sometimes the letter “s” could be pronounced as a “z”?) • The proper pronunciation of perhaps the trickiest sound of all: the “th.” With the instructions in this book, you can swiftly conquer this sound and rapidly improve your accent • The diphthong problem that confuses and confound so many non-native speakers. • The seemingly insurmountable hard “r” sound. Did you know English is the only language with a true hard “r” sound? In this revolutionary approach to speaking like a native, you’ll discover what in your speech has been holding you back. You’ll be able to start implementing these practical tips and others will stand up and take notice immediately. This Accent Reduction Guide is For You If.. ✔ You have a high school diploma ✔ English is not your first language ✔ Public speaking is part of your job ✔ You are trying to get a career that requires perfect accent ✔ Having good communication skill is required in your job If any one of those sounds familiar to you, perhaps you have found the right book. This book is essential for you to break through and not only improving your spoken skills but developing them so well that you can communicate with others efficiently. Download This Book Today and Start Manifesting The Career of Your Dream !
Download or read book The Organization of Reduction Data Flow and Control Flow Systems written by Werner Kluge and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In light of research over the last decade on new ways of representing and performing computations, this book provides a timely reexamination of computer organization and computer architecture. It systematically investigates the basic organizational concepts of reduction, data flow, and control flow (or state transition) and their relationship to the underlying programming paradigms. For each of these concepts, Kluge looks at how princip1es of language organization translate into architectures and how architectural features translate into concrete system implementations, comparing them in order to identify their similarities and differences. The focus is primarily on a functional programming paradigm based on a full-fledged operational &-calculus and on its realization by various reduction systems. Kluge first presents a brief outline of the overall configuration of a computing system and of an operating system kernel, introduce elements of the theory of Petrinets as modeling tools for nonsequential systems and processes, and use a simple form of higher-order Petri nets to identify by means of examples the operational and control disciplines that govern the organization of reduction, data flow, and control flow computations. He then introduces the notions of abstract algorithms and of reductions and includes an overview of the theory of the &-calculus. The next five chapters describe the various computing engines that realize the reduction semantics of a full-fledged &-calculus. The remaining chapters provide self-contained investigations of the G-machine, SKI combinator reduction, and the data flow approach for implementing the functional programming paradigm. This is followed by a detailed description of a typical control flow (or von Neumann) machine architecture (a VAX11 system). Properties of these machines are summarized in the concluding chapter, which classifies them according to the semantic models they support.
Download or read book English Fluency For Asian Speakers Accent Reduction For Chinese Japanese and Korean written by Whitney Nelson and published by Whitney Nelson. This book was released on 2017-12-29 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Secrets of Reducing and Eliminating Your Asian Accent English is the third most widely spoken language in the world and its gaining ground. It’s already counted as an official language of 94 countries. People in every corner of the globe are enrolling in English schools and online classes. But why? The reasons are varied but simple. Globalization of businesses, tourism opportunities, and the world of entertainment are only a few of them. This book is specifically written for Asian students who wishes to reduce their accent and greatly improve their English-fluent level. With the proven tips, tricks, and techniques in this book, you’ll discover that you’ll be in an entirely new and exciting level of learning within days. In This English Fluency Guide, You’ll.. ✔ Learn where the hidden “z” sounds are in many English plural words and when to pronounce them. ✔ Discover the proper way to enunciate the five English vowels – a, e, i, o, u. ✔ Find out how to stress the correct syllables – the smallest part of any English word – in order to sound like a native speaker. ✔ Discover the fastest and easiest methods of shedding your accent. You’ll be surprised at your options! ✔ Find out how the “immersion” can increase your fluency. You’ll learn exactly what immersion is and how, even if you’re not surrounded by native speakers, you can experience this powerfully productive process. ✔ Learn the top four reasons why speaking English like a native is absolutely essential in this global economic world of the twenty-first century. The Quickest Way to English Fluency This book covers various concepts, ideas, and techniques to help lift you off the English language plateau. English is not an easy language to learn. But if you are using proper methods to learn and speak, you’ll find that your next level of learning is just a click away. Learn and adopt these techniques, tips, and secrets revealed in this book, and your English fluency will be on a whole different level within 30 days ! Remember: Practice doesn't make perfect. Perfect practice makes perfect. Download Now and Start Speaking The Right Way
Download or read book Computability and Complexity written by Hubie Chen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear, comprehensive, and rigorous introduction to the theory of computation. What is computable? What leads to efficiency in computation? Computability and Complexity offers a clear, comprehensive, and rigorous introduction to the mathematical study of the capabilities and limitations of computation. Hubie Chen covers the core notions, techniques, methods, and questions of the theory of computation before turning to several advanced topics. Emphasizing intuitive learning and conceptual discussion, this textbook’s accessible approach offers a robust foundation for understanding both the reach and restrictions of algorithms and computers. Extensive exercises and diagrams enhance streamlined, student-friendly presentation of mathematically rigorous material Includes thorough treatment of automata theory, computability theory, and complexity theory—including the P versus NP question and the theory of NP-completeness Suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and professionals
Download or read book Cost Reduction Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Class Size Reduction written by Gary James Harfitt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a timely examination of the effects of class size reduction (CSR) on teaching and learning processes. It represents a departure in that the research covered focuses solely on the relationship between CSR and effective teaching in real secondary school classrooms. The book also presents a much-needed and powerful student voice on the impact of class size reduction on teaching and learning processes. It conceptualises the effects of class size on teaching and learning processes in secondary school classrooms, which are another under-researched perspective in this field. Drawing on multiple case studies concerning teaching and learning processes in large and small Hong Kong secondary-school classes, it highlights the qualitative differences in teaching and learning processes. On the basis of those studies, the book argues for a more purposeful, dynamic approach to education for teachers working in small or reduced-size classes.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Language Contact written by Anthony P. Grant and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In thirty-three chapters, The Oxford Handbook of Language Contact examines the various forms of contact-induced linguistic change and the levels of language which have provided instances of these influences. In addition, it provides accounts of how language contact has affected some twenty languages, spoken and signed, from all parts of the world."-- Jaquette.
Download or read book Historical Linguistics 2005 written by Joe Salmons and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Printbegrænsninger: Der kan printes 10 sider ad gangen og max. 40 sider pr. session
Download or read book Head Order Techniques and Other Pragmatics of Lambda Calculus Graph Reduction written by Nikos B. Troullinos and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available in Paperback Available in eBook editions (PDF format) Institution: Syracuse University (Syracuse, NY, USA) Advisor(s): Prof. Klaus J. Berkling Degree: Ph.D. in Computer and Information Science Year: 1993 Book Information: 248 pages Publisher: Dissertation.com ISBN-10: 1612337570 ISBN-13: 9781612337579 View First 25 pages: (free download) Abstract The operational aspects of Lambda Calculus are studied as a fundamental basis for high-order functional computation. We consider systems having full reduction semantics, i.e., equivalence-preserving transformations of functions. The historic lineage from Eval-Apply to SECD to RTNF/RTLF culminates in the techniques of normal-order graph Head Order Reduction (HOR). By using a scalar mechanism to artificially bind relatively free variables, HOR makes it relatively effortless to reduce expressions beyond weak normal form and to allow expression-level results while exhibiting a well-behaved linear self-modifying code structure. Several variations of HOR are presented and compared to other efficient reducers, with and without sharing, including a conservative breadth-first one which mechanically takes advantage of the inherent, fine-grained parallelism of the head normal form. We include abstract machine and concrete implementations of all the reducers in pure functional code. Benchmarking comparisons are made through a combined time-space efficiency metric. The original results indicate that circa 2010 reduction rates of 10-100 million reductions per second can be achieved in software interpreters and a billion reductions per second can be achieved by a state-of-the art custom VLSI implementation.
