Download or read book Red Spruce Winter Injury in 2003 written by Brynne Lazarus and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) winter injury is caused by freezing damage that results in late winter reddening and early summer abscission of the most recent foliar age class. Abundant winter injury to the current-year (2002) foliage of red spruce became apparent in the northeastern United States in late winter, 2003. To assess the severity and extent of this damage, we measured foliar winter injury at 28 locations in Vermont and adjacent states and bud mortality at a subset of these sites. Ninety percent of all trees assessed showed some winter injury, and trees lost an average of 46% of a current-year foliage. An average of 32% of buds formed in 2002 were killed in association with winter injury. Both foliar and bud mortality increased with elevation and with crown dominance, and bud mortality increased with greater foliar injury. Foliar injury in 2003 at a plantation near Colebrook, NH, was more than five times typical levels for nine previous years of measurement and more than twice that measured for another high-injury year. Plantation data also indicated that bud mortality in 2003 was greater than previously documented and that repeated winter injury was associated with increased tree mortality. Comparisons of our data with past studies for two native spruce sites also indicated that damage in 2003 was greater than other recently reported high-injury years. Because heavy foliar and bud losses can severely disrupt the carbon economies of trees, the 2003 winter injury event could lead to further spruce decline and mortality, particularly among dominant trees at higher elevations. Understanding the spatial patterns of this injury across the landscape may help support or refute hypotheses regarding causation and highlight areas most at risk for spruce decline and mortality. Relationships between winter injury on dominant and codominant trees and plot elevation, latitude, longitude, slope, and aspect were investigated. Least squares regression showed that injury was greater on west-facing than east-facing plots, was more severe in the western part of the study region, and increased with elevation. Many third and fourth order interactions among the measured variables were also significant using this approach, suggesting the presence of complex spatial relationships. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was used to examine these relationships. This technique was designed to detect spatial nonstationarity (the variation of parameters over space), and to help distinguish effects that are global in scale from those that show localized patterns. The combined analyses detected the following set of spatial patterns: injury increased with elevation; injury increased from east to west across the study region; injury was greatest on steep slopes at high elevations and on shallower slopes at lower elevations; injury increased with degree to which plots faced west, except at the highest elevations, where injury was uniformly severe; and injury increased with degree to which plots faced south, except at the highest elevations in the northern part of the study region, where injury was uniformly severe. Because injury was greater in areas that historically received greater hydrogen ion inputs -- the western part of the study area, on west-facing slopes, and at higher elevations -- the observed pattern of injury supports the hypothesis that acidic deposition acts on a landscape scale to exacerbate winter injury to red spruce.
Download or read book Quantifying the Influence of Winter Injury on the Carbon Sequestration of Red Spruce Trees in the Northeastern United States written by Alexandra Maya Kosiba and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because winter injury in 2003 was positively and significantly related to plot elevation, we also examined relative changes in red spruce growth for three elevation groups: low (765 m), mid (765-920 m) and high ( 920 m) elevation. Relative growth was below 2002 levels and significantly less for high compared to low elevation groups from 2003-2006, after which growth between these groups was indistinguishable through 2010. In 2007, and continuing through 2010, trees in mid elevation plots exhibited significantly higher growth relative to pre-winter injury levels. Eight years after the winter injury event, mid elevation plots had significantly higher mean cumulative growth than high elevation plots. As of 2010 trees in the high elevation plots continued to show a cumulative C loss -an enduring legacy of the 2003 winter injury event. While we found long-lasting reductions in growth following the 2003 winter injury event, we also discovered an unprecedented upsurge of growth in recent years, particularly in 2009 and 2010.
Download or read book White Mountain National Forest N F Forest Plan Revision Proposed Land and Resource Management Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Pollutant Deposition and Its Effects on Natural Resources in New York State written by Timothy J. Sullivan and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecosystem effects from air pollution in the Adirondacks, Catskills, and elsewhere in New York have been substantial. Efforts to characterize and quantify these impacts, and to examine more recent recovery, have focused largely on surface waters, soils, and forests. Lakes, streams, and soils have acidified. Estuaries have become more eutrophic. Nutrient cycles have been disrupted. Mercury has bioaccumulated to toxic levels. Plant species composition has changed. Some surface waters show signs of partial chemical recovery in response to emissions control programs, but available data suggest that soil chemistry may continue to deteriorate under expected future emissions and deposition. Resource managers, policymakers, and scientists now need to know the extent to which current and projected future emissions reductions will lead to ecosystem recovery.In this book, Timothy J. Sullivan provides a comprehensive synthesis of past, current, and potential future conditions regarding atmospheric sulfur, nitrogen oxides, ammonium, and mercury deposition; surface water chemistry; soil chemistry; forests; and aquatic biota in New York, providing much needed information to help set emissions reduction goals, evaluate incremental improvements, conduct cost/benefit analyses, and prioritize research needs. He draws upon a wealth of research conducted over the past thirty years that has categorized, quantified, and advanced understanding of ecosystem processes related to atmospheric deposition of strong acids, nutrients, and mercury and associated ecosystem effects. An important component of this volume is the new interest in the management and mitigation of ecosystem damage from air pollution stress, which builds on the "critical loads" approach pioneered in Europe and now gaining interest in the United States.This book will inform scientists, resource managers, and policy analysts regarding the state of scientific knowledge on these complex topics and their policy relevance and will help to guide public policy assessment work in New York, the Northeast, and nationally.
Download or read book Plant Cold Hardiness written by Lawrence V. Gusta and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the latest research on the effects of cold and sub-zero temperatures on plant distribution, growth and yield, this comprehensive volume contains 28 chapters by international experts covering basic molecular science to broad ecological studies on the impact of global warming, and an industry perspective on transgenic approaches to abiotic stress tolerance. With a focus on integrating molecular studies in the laboratory with field research and physiological studies of whole plants in their natural environments, this book covers plant physiology, production, development, agronomy, ecology, breeding and genetics, and their applications in agriculture and horticulture. Global Analysis of Gene Networks to Solve Complex Abiotic Stress responses, K Shinozaki, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Japan and K Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Japan, The CBF Cold Response Pathways of Arabidopsis and Tomato, J T Vogel, Michigan State University, USA, D Cook, Mississippi State University, USA, S G Fowler and M F Thomashow, Michigan State University, USA, Barley Contains a Large CBF Gene Family Associated with Quantitative Cold Tolerance Traits, J S Skinner, J von Zitzewitz, L Marquez-Cedillo, T Filichkin, Oregon State University, USA, P Szucs, Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary, K Amundsen, Michigan State University, USA, E Stockinger, Ohio State University, USA, M F Thomashow, Michigan State University, USA, T H H Chen, and P M Hayes, Oregon State University, USA, Structural Organization of Barley CBF Genes Coincident with QTLS for Cold Hardiness , E J Stockinger, H Cheng, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China and J Skinner, The genetic basis of vernalization response in barley, L L D Cooper, Oregon State University, USA, J von Zitzewitz, J S Skinner, P Szucs, I Karsai, Agriculturtal Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary, E Francia, A M Stanca, Experimental Institute for Cereal Resources, Italy, N Pecchioni, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy, D A Laurie, John Innes Research Centre, UK, T H H Chen, and P M Hayes, Vernalization Genes in Winter Cereals, N A Kane, J Danyluk, and F Sarhan, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Canada, A Bulk Segregant Approach to Identify Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Cold Tolerance in Alfalfa, Y Castonguay, J Cloutier, S Laberge, A Bertrand and R Michaud, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada, Ectopic Over-expression of AtCBF1 in Potato Enhances Freezing Tolerance, M T Pino, J S Skinner, Z Jeknic, E J Park, Oregon State University, USA, P M Hayes, and T H H Chen, Over-expression of a Heat-inducible apx Gene Confers Chilling Tolerance to Rice Plants, Y Sato, National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Japan, and H Saruyama, Hokkaido Green-Bio Institute, Japan Physiological and Morphological Alterations Associated with Development of Freezing Tolerance in The Moss Physcomitrella patens, A Minami, M Nagao, Iwate University, Japan, K Arakawa, S Fujikawa, Hokkaido University and D Takezawa, Saitama University, Japan, Control of Growth and Cold Acclimation in Silver Birch, M K Aalto and E T Palva, Viikki Biocenter, Finland, The Role of the CBF-Dependent Signalling Pathway in Woody Perennials, C Benedict, Umea University, Sweden, J S Skinner, R Meng, Y Chang, Oregon State University, USA, R Bhalerao, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden, C Finn, USDA-ARS, USA, T H H Chen, V Hurry, Umea University, Sweden, Functional Role of Winter-accumulating Proteins from Mulberry Tree in adaptation to Winter-induced Stresses, S Fujikawa, N Ukaji, Hokkaido University, Japan, M Nagao, K Yamane, Hokkaido University, Japan, D Takezawa, and K Arakawa, The Role of Compatible Solutes in Plant Freezing Tolerance: A Case Study on Raffinose, D K Hincha, E Zuther, M Hundertmark, A G Heyer, Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Germany, Dehydration in model membranes and protoplasts: contrasting effects at low, intermediate and high hydrations, K L Koster, University of South Dakota,USA, and G Bryant, RMIT University, Australia, Effect of Plasma Membrane-associated Proteins on Acquisition of Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, Y Tominaga, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Canada, C Nakagawara, Y Kawamura and M Uemura, Iwate University, Japan
Download or read book Research Development written by United States. Forest Service. Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Forest Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting Abstracts written by Ecological Society of America. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Threat Assessment and Their Application to Forest and Rangeland Management written by John M. Pye and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 2006, more than 170 researchers and managers from the United States, Canada, and Mexico convened in Boulder, Colorado, to discuss the state of the science in environmental threat assessment. This two-volume general technical report compiles peer-reviewed papers that were among those presented during the 3-day conference. Papers are organized by four broad topical sections--Land, Air and Water, Fire, and Pests/Biota--and are divided into syntheses and case studies. Land topics include discussions of forest land conversion and soil quality as well as investigations of species' responses to climate change. Air and water topics include discussions of forest vulnerability to severe weather and storm damage modeling. Fire topics include discussions of wildland arson and wildfire risk management as well as how people precieve wildfire risk and uncertainty. Pests/biota topics include discussions of risk mapping and probabilistic risk assessments as well as investigations of individual threats, including the southern pine beetle and Phytophora alni. Ultimately, this publication will foster exchange and collaboration between those who develop knowledge and tools for threat assessment and those who are responsible for managing forests and rangelands.
Download or read book Forest Health Monitoring written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1994 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Clear Skies Act of 2003 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Climate Change, and Nuclear Safety and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Pollution and Winter Injury of Red Spruce written by M. B. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Physiology written by A. Hemantaranjan and published by Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2007-02-01 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The innovative theme of the book entitled Environmental Physiology is basically molecular physiology of abiotic stress response in plants. This has been especially edited for realistic and rational utilization by planners, scientists, investigators, academicians and postgraduate students. This book is an exceptional assimilation of well-timed, crucial and comprehensive twenty-one worthy reviews of diverse significance contributed by sincere dedication of experienced, laudable and well-known scientists/ stalwarts all over the world. The genuineness that due to incredible harmony with the world scientists of various disciplines developed in the last eight years, over nineteen Indian and twenty-nine foreign intellectuals enthusiastically came forward and associated in this extensive project of pragmatic importance. In fact, this kind of momentous work cannot be accomplished effectively and productively by a single person belonging principally to a specific field of specialization. This is also strongly realized that there is progressively more a need of united effort of experts in the ground-breaking work of precise importance above all in the agricultural sciences, which absolutely depends on environmental situations. The intricacies of abiotic and biotic stresses on growth and development of plants have been understood in the last few decades. This is the right time to apply the knowledge acquired in this direction, out of exhaustive research throughout the globe, in anyhow enhancing yield of crop plants cultivated under a variety of environmental stresses, in general, and extending basic research, in particular, for having more insight in establishing new cultivars under higher intensities of abiotic stresses like drought, high and low temperature, salinity, sodicity, flooding, mineral, oxidative, heavy metals, etc. This book too is an endeavour to make aware the young workers with allied techniques comprising destructive and non-destructive methods for extending relevant research incessantly in the years to come to gain further information of both basic and applied significance for sustainability of agriculture under environmental stresses. The manifold ideas on basic problems of the present and the future as well as resolutions have been consolidated through precious reviews by distinguished personnel of plant sciences in twenty-one chapters. In this enthusiastic and forceful enterprise, the real appreciation is due to all notable and brilliant authors, for bringing up most needed unrivalled, practical, thoughtful and comprehensive reviews of international standard on physiology of plants and their responses under wide-ranging environmental stresses. Hopefully, the wonderful multifaceted reviews selected and compiled very systematically in this exclusive book for the first time by genuine experts and distinguished scientists would enable to plan meaningful advanced research and profuse consequential teaching on the extremely crucial theme of abiotic stress responses in plants. This unique collection must be of enormous help for post-graduate studies and higher research in all disciplines of plant science in every university and research institute of the world.
Download or read book USDA Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges written by Deborah C. Hayes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: USDA Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges (EFRs) are scientific treasures, providing secure, protected research sites where complex and diverse ecological processes are studied over the long term. This book offers several examples of the dynamic interactions among questions of public concern or policy, EFR research, and natural resource management practices and policies. Often, trends observed – or expected -- in the early years of a research program are contradicted or confounded as the research record extends over decades. The EFRs are among the few areas in the US where such long-term research has been carried out by teams of scientists. Changes in society’s needs and values can also redirect research programs. Each chapter of this book reflects the interplay between the ecological results that emerge from a long-term research project and the social forces that influence questions asked and resources invested in ecological research. While these stories include summaries and syntheses of traditional research results, they offer a distinctly new perspective, a larger and more complete picture than that provided by a more typical 5-year study. They also provide examples of long-term research on EFRs that have provided answers for questions not even imagined at the time the study was installed.
Download or read book Forest Biomass and Tree Demography in a Northern Hardwood Forest written by Natalie Solomonoff and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hubbard Brook written by Richard Turner Holmes and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since the early 1960s, the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in the White Mountains of New Hampshire has been one of the most comprehensively studied landscapes on earth. This book highlights many of the important ecological findings amassed during the long-term research conducted there, and considers their regional, national, and global implications." -- P.2 of cover.
Download or read book Air Pollution and Winter Injury of Red Spruce written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
