Download or read book Reconstructing the Migratory Behavior and Long Term Survivorship of Juvenile Chinook Salmon Under Contrasting Hydrologic Regimes written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The loss of genetic and life history diversity has been documented across many taxonomic groups, and is considered a leading cause of increased extinction risk. Juvenile salmon leave their natal rivers at different sizes, ages and times of the year, and it is thought that this life history variation contributes to their population sustainability, and is thus central to many recovery efforts. However, in order to preserve and restore diversity in life history traits, it is necessary to first understand how environmental factors affect their expression and success. We used otolith 87Sr/86Sr in adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytcha) returning to the Stanislaus River in the California Central Valley (USA) to reconstruct the sizes at which they outmigrated as juveniles in a wetter (2000) and drier (2003) year. We compared rotary screw trap-derived estimates of outmigrant timing, abundance and size with those reconstructed in the adults from the same cohort. This allowed us to estimate the relative survival and contribution of migratory phenotypes (fry, parr, smolts) to the adult spawning population under different flow regimes. Juvenile abundance and outmigration behavior varied with hydroclimatic regime, while downstream survival appeared to be driven by size- and time-selective mortality. Although fry survival is generally assumed to be negligible in this system,>20% of the adult spawners from outmigration year 2000 had outmigrated as fry. In both years, all three phenotypes contributed to the spawning population, however their relative proportions differed, reflecting greater fry contributions in the wetter year (23% vs. 10%) and greater smolt contributions in the drier year (13% vs. 44%). In conclusion, these data demonstrate that the expression and success of migratory phenotypes vary with hydrologic regime, emphasizing the importance of maintaining diversity in a changing climate.
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservior 1982 Annual Report of Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Marine Fisheries Service in cooperation with the Bonneville Power Administration is conducting a 6-year study of the effects of instream flows on the passage time, survival, and migrational behavior of juvenile fall and summer (O-age) chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir. In 1982, the second year of the study, research activities concentrated on refining distribution and behavior data in John Day Reservoir and on releasing and recapturing marked fish needed to define flow/travel time relationships. Twenty-two groups (61,887 fish) of marked O-age chinook salmon were wire-tagged, branded, and released into the tailrace at McNary Dam, and forty-four groups (13,128 fish) were branded and released into the reservoir at various other sites. Sampling at the John Day Dam airlift facility captured 54,647 subyearling chinook salmon including 482 marked recoveries. Additional marks (279) were recovered from purse seine samples taken at various sites throughout the reservoir. The average passage time to John Day Dam for marked O-age chinook salmon released in the McNary tailrace was 23 days. Weekend flow reductions at McNary Dam did not affect passage time of subyearling chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir. There was no statistical evidence to indicate that instream flows affected either the rate of movement or residence time of O-age chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir.
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir 1981 Annual Report of Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research was conducted by NMFS in 1981 to define the effects of instream flows on the passage time, survival, and migrational behavior of 0-age chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir. Fourteen groups (74,683 fish) of marked 0-age chinook salmon were wire-tagged, branded, and released into the tailrace at McNary Dam, fourteen groups (13,746 fish) were branded and released into the reservoir at River Kilometer 375, and 34 groups (14,273) were branded and released into the reservoir at various other sites. More than 55,000 0-age chinook salmon were sampled at the John Day Dam airlift facility. This sample included 623 mark recoveries. Four hundred and eight (408) additional marks were recovered from purse seine samples taken at various sites throughout the reservoir. The average passage time of marked 0-age chinook salmon released in the McNary trailrace was 22 days in 1981. There was no statistically significant evidence to indicate that instream flows affected either the rate of movement or residence time of 0-age chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir in 1981. 7 references, 1 figure, 12 tables.
Download or read book Migratory Behavior of Yearling Juvenile Chinook Salmon and Steelhead in Relation to Water Movement in the Yakima River Washington written by Phillip Roy Mundy and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by David R. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by Carl W. Sims and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Salmonids in the Lower Columbia River and Estuary in 2009 written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study reported herein was funded as part of the Anadromous Fish Evaluation Program, which is managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The Anadromous Fish Evaluation Program study code is EST P 02 01: A Study of Salmonid Survival and Behavior through the Columbia River Estuary Using Acoustic Tags. The study was conducted by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries for the USACE Portland District. Estimated survival of acoustic-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead through the lower Columbia River and estuary in 2009 was lowest in the final 50 km of the estuary. Probability of survival was relatively high (>0.90) for yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon from the Bonneville Dam forebay (rkm 236) to Three-tree Point (rkm 49.6). Survival of juvenile Chinook salmon declined sharply through the lower 50 km of the estuary. Acoustic-tagged steelhead smolts did not survive as well as juvenile Chinook salmon between Bonneville Dam and the mouth of the Columbia River. Steelhead survival began to decline farther upstream (at rkm 86) relative to that of the Chinook salmon stocks. Subyearling Chinook salmon survival decreased markedly as the season progressed. It remains to be determined whether later migrating subyearling Chinook salmon are suffering increasing mortality as the season progresses or whether some portion of the apparent loss is due to fish extending their freshwater residence. This study provided the first glimpse into what promises to be a very informative way to learn more about how juvenile salmonid passage experiences through the FCRPS may influence their subsequent survival after passing Bonneville Dam. New information regarding the influence of migration pathway through the lower 50 km of the Columbia River estuary on probability of survival of juvenile salmonids, combined with increased understanding regarding the foraging distances and time periods of avian predators should prove useful in developing or assessing management actions to reduce losses of juvenile salmonid smolts that attempt to pass through the estuary on their seaward migration.
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a study to define the effects of instream flows on the passage time, migration behavior, and survival of phi age chinook salmon migrating through John Day Reservoir from June through August juvenile fish were tagged and released below McNary Dam in 1981. This report discusses adult returns through 1984. (ACR).
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of instream river flow on the passage time, survival, and migrational behavior of juvenile fall and summer (O-age) chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir is being studied. In 1983, the final year of juvenile sampling in the reservoir, research activities continued to refine flow/travel time relationships and distributional behavior of O-age chinook salmon. Fifteen groups (72,559 fish) of marked O-age chinook salmon were wire-tagged, branded, and released into the tailrace at McNary Dam, and thirty-two groups (22,206 fish) were branded and released into the reservoir at various other sites. Sampling at John Day Dam, utilizing the airlift pump system in the B and C slots of Turbine Intake Unit 3, captured 82,698 subyearling chinook salmon including 640 mark recoveries. Additional marks (458) were recovered from purse seine samples taken at various sites throughout the reservoir. Weekly mean fork lengths of O-age chinook salmon captured at McNary and John fsm Dams and in the reservoir by purse seine ranged from 103 mm in mid-June to 166 mm in mid-December. Fish captured at the John Day Dam monitoring facility and by purse seine throughout the reservoir were in excellent condition. Preliminary analysis of stomach samples taken in 1982 and 1983 from purse seine catches indicates active feeding is taking place. The average passage time of the fastest moving marked O-age chinook salmon from McNary Dam to John Day Dam was 11 days (based on 25th percentile of mark recaptures). The average reservoir residence time was 22 days. Regression analysis was used to develop a description of the relationship of river flow to the rate of downstream movement of O-age chinook salmon in John Day Reservoir in 1983. The slope of this line and the correlation coefficient (R) were not significantly different from zero.
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by David R. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Year class Regulation of Mid upper Columbia River Spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha written by Londi M. Tomaro and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early ocean residence is assumed to be a critical period for juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. However, the specific mechanisms influencing growth and survival in the ocean have not been identified for most populations. Therefore, three hypotheses regarding the relationship between early marine residence and subsequent survival of mid-upper Columbia River spring Chinook salmon were evaluated: the 'bigger is better', 'stage duration', and 'match-mistmatch' hypotheses. Six metrics describing juvenile migration history and condition were developed, including 1) size at freshwater exit; 2) size at ocean capture; 3) initial ocean growth rates; 4) timing of ocean entrance; 5) duration of ocean residence; and 6) marine migration rates. Retrospective estimates of size and growth using otolith analyses rely on the assumption that otolith and somatic size are related. Therefore, I verified this assumption for mid-upper Columbia River Chinook salmon and determined that a body-proportional back-calculation method was the best approach for this population. Fish length and otolith width were positively correlated (r > 0.92) and growth rates estimated from back-calculated sizes were positively correlated with observed growth rates (r = 0.96). I also evaluated the utility of using the otolith Sr:Ca pattern as a marker of hatchery-origin and investigated potential mechanisms for the observed Sr:Ca pattern. Visual and quantitative criteria were developed using otoliths of hatchery fish and were used to correctly classify 85% and 78%, respectively, of a sample of known hatchery-origin fish (n = 114) that were collected in coastal waters. Although Sr:Ca in water and hatchery food did not fully account for the observed pattern in otolith Sr:Ca, the pattern can be used to identify mid-upper Columbia River spring Chinook salmon of hatchery-origin with relatively high accuracy (>75%). The six juvenile metrics were used to evaluate mechanisms potentially regulating establishment of year-class abundance. The only metrics found to be significantly related to future adult abundance were size at freshwater exit (r2 = 0.56) and capture (r2 = 0.60). These data support the 'bigger is better' hypothesis and indicate that factors influencing size and growth during freshwater residence should be investigated further. Juveniles resided in the brackish/ocean for one to two months prior to capture in May and June; therefore, ocean conditions after this period may be related to the 40% of variation in adult abundance unexplained by interannual variation in body size.
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by David R. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Flow and Spill on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservior written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juvenile fall chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, were freeze branded, coded wire tagged, and released into the Columbia River in the tailrace below McNary Dam during the summers of 1981--1983. The objectives of the study were to examine the effects of river flow on the passage time and migrational behavior of the juveniles and to subsequently assess any relationship to adult survival. This report details adult recovery data to June 1987. 2 refs., 11 tabs.
Download or read book Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir written by David R. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Regional Salmon Outmigration Study survival and Migration Routing of Juvenile Chinook Salmon in the Sacramento San Joaquin River Delta During the Winter of 2008 09 written by U.S. Department Of The Interior and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-03 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) emigrating from natal tributaries of the Sacramento River may use a number of migration routes to navigate the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (hereafter called "the Delta"), each of which may influence their probability of surviving. We applied a mark-recapture model to data from acoustically tagged juvenile late fall-run Chinook salmon that migrated through the Delta during the winter of 2008-09 to estimate route entrainment, survival, and migration times through the Delta.
Download or read book Effect of Gas Supersaturated Columbia River Water on the Survival of Juvenile Chinook and Coho Salmon written by Theodore H. Blahm and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responses of Juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha and American Shad Alosa Sapidissima to Long Term Exposure to Two vector Velocity Flows written by Robert M. Kano and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
