Download or read book Reconciling Universalists and Substratists written by Franziska Buch and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Hauptseminar English-Related Pidgins and Creoles, 21 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: By way of an introduction to the following paper, I would like to draw here on a quote taken from one of Salikoko Mufwene's essays: "...creolists generally agree on the nature of the sociohistorical contexts which have produced these languages, but they disagree essentially on the natures of the linguistic processes which resulted in them." (1986:129). This sentence quite neatly captures what the general pidgin/creole-debate is all about. The various approaches to pidginization and creolization and on how, i.e. by which underlying processes, the respective language systems supposedly came into being have this one thing in common: they all entail, respectively proceed from the assumption in the first place, that they have something decisive to say about the nature of language in general. Therefore the different positions are often defended most decidedly, trying, or so it seems, to lay claim to a final definition of language in one or the other light. As such, I like to describe this phenomenon as some kind of linguistic-philosophical debate. And this is what the subject of the following paper shall be about: What are the various approaches, how convincing are they, i.e., who has the best arguments or is able to disprove opposing views best? In this sense, the following will be a theoretical rather than practical, case-study paper. The discussion can be roughly described in terms of two major opposing viewpoints: the universalist one and a more cognitive-oriented, functional-pragmatic. The latter is called substratist for the most. The two camps tend to put either more weight on the structural or the sociohistorical aspect respectively. It is especially the nativization phase, known as c

Download or read book Reconciling Universalists and Substratists written by Franziska Buch and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Hauptseminar English-Related Pidgins and Creoles, language: English, abstract: By way of an introduction to the following paper, I would like to draw here on a quote taken from one of Salikoko Mufwene's essays: "...creolists generally agree on the nature of the sociohistorical contexts which have produced these languages, but they disagree essentially on the natures of the linguistic processes which resulted in them." (1986:129). This sentence quite neatly captures what the general pidgin/creole-debate is all about. The various approaches to pidginization and creolization and on how, i.e. by which underlying processes, the respective language systems supposedly came into being have this one thing in common: they all entail, respectively proceed from the assumption in the first place, that they have something decisive to say about the nature of language in general. Therefore the different positions are often defended most decidedly, trying, or so it seems, to lay claim to a final definition of language in one or the other light. As such, I like to describe this phenomenon as some kind of linguistic-philosophical debate. And this is what the subject of the following paper shall be about: What are the various approaches, how convincing are they, i.e., who has the best arguments or is able to disprove opposing views best? In this sense, the following will be a theoretical rather than practical, case-study paper. The discussion can be roughly described in terms of two major opposing viewpoints: the universalist one and a more cognitive-oriented, functional-pragmatic. The latter is called substratist for the most. The two camps tend to put either more weight on the structural or the sociohistorical aspect respectively. It is especially the nativization phase, known as creolization, which interests me most in this paper. [...]

Download or read book From Deficit to Dialect written by Devyani Sharma and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-08 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of new English dialects in postcolonial regions has transformed the politics of English in the world and language ecologies in many regions. Why, how, and when did these dialects develop? Why do they have the accents and grammars that we hear? Are the grammars of these dialects completely different due to the influence of local languages, or similar due to natural tendencies in human cognition? In terms of social identity, do these new speakers behave like native speakers of British or American English, or like language learners? Focusing on two prominent cases; English in India and in Singapore; this book examines the social, historical, and cognitive forces that together created and continue to shape these dialects. Differences in the linguistic ecology of the two regions help us to identify the strongest mechanisms of dialect formation under long-term cultural contact. The multi-scale analysis of a range of bilinguals moves beyond a simplistic divide between 'deficit' and 'dialect' views of these speech communities, showing that change proceeds unevenly across the language system and the social group, with feedback loops between social history, language learning, language structure, and identity.

Download or read book From Here to Denmark written by Rajat M. Nag and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-30 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Here" is a hypothetical place where governance is poor, rule of law is not respected, and justice is often denied. Many, particularly the poor and the marginalised, suffer daily indignities, big and small, and live a life marked by fear and insecurity. "Denmark", on the other hand, is where good governance prevails and is reflected in predictable and accountable actions by others, including the State. The journey From Here to Denmark is essentially a quest of ensuring good governance. Improving governance needs good, strong institutions. Time, history, culture, leadership and yes, luck all have a role to play in this journey. But the experiences of several countries which have made this transition convincingly point to the overriding importance of human capital and an empowered citizenry who can actively participate in the affairs of their society in building strong institutions.

Download or read book Africanisms in Afro American Language Varieties written by Salikoko S. Mufwene and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For review see: Daniel J. Crowley, in New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids, vol. 70, no. 1 & 2 (1996); p. 188-190.

Download or read book Phonology and Morphology of Creole Languages written by Ingo Plag and published by ISSN. This book was released on 2003 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Christian Uffmann, Markedness, faithfulness and creolization: The retention of the unmarked. - Albert Valdman/Iskra Iskrova, A new look at nazalization in Haitian Creole. - Emmanuel Nikiema/Parth Bhatt, Two types of R deletion in Haitian Creole. - Sabine Lappe/Ingo Plag, Rules versus analogy: Modeling variation in word-final epenthesis in Sranan. - Norval Smith, New evidence from the Past: To epenthesize or not to epenthesize, that is the question. - Emmanuel Schang, Syllabic structure and creolization in Saotomense. - Anne-Marie Brousseau, The accentual system of Haitian Creole: The role of transfer and markedness values. - David Sutcliffe, African American English suprasegmentals: A study of pitch patterns in the Black English of the United States. - Winford James, The role of tone and rhyme structure in the organisation of grammatical morphemes in Tobagonian. - Shelome Gooden, Prosodic contrast in Jamaican Creole reduplication. - Thomas Klein, Syllable structure and lexical markedness in creole morphophonology: Determiner allomorphy in Haitian and elsewhere. - Margot van den Berg, Early 18th century Sranan -man. - Patrick Steinkrüger, Morphological processes of word formation in Chabacano (Philippine Spanish Creole). - Nicholas Faraclas, The -pela suffix in Tok Pisin and the notion of >simplicityTonjes Veenstra, What verbal morphology can tell us about creole genesis: the case of French-related creoles. - Marlyse Baptista, Inflectional plural marking in pidgins and creoles: a comparative study. - Alain Kihm, Inflectional categories in creole languages.

Download or read book An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles written by John Holm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and concise introduction to the study of how new languages come into being.

Download or read book Creole Genesis and the Acquisition of Grammar written by Claire Lefebvre and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on the cognitive processes involved in creole genesis: relexification, reanalysis, and direct leveling. The role of these processes is documented by a detailed comparison of Haitian creole with its two major contributing languages, French and Fongbe, to illustrate how mechanisms from source languages show themselves in creole. The author examines the input of adult, as opposed to child, speakers and resolves the problems in the three main approaches, universalist, superstratist and substratist, which have been central to the recent debate on creole development.

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Sociolinguistics written by Rajend Mesthrie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive overview available, this Handbook is an essential guide to sociolinguistics today. Reflecting the breadth of research in the field, it surveys a range of topics and approaches in the study of language variation and use in society. As well as linguistic perspectives, the handbook includes insights from anthropology, social psychology, the study of discourse and power, conversation analysis, theories of style and styling, language contact and applied sociolinguistics. Language practices seem to have reached new levels since the communications revolution of the late twentieth century. At the same time face-to-face communication is still the main force of language identity, even if social and peer networks of the traditional face-to-face nature are facing stiff competition of the Facebook-to-Facebook sort. The most authoritative guide to the state of the field, this handbook shows that sociolinguistics provides us with the best tools for understanding our unfolding evolution as social beings.

Download or read book Caribbean Language Issues Old New written by Pauline Christie and published by University of the West Indies Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CaribbeanLanguage Issues Old and New was conceived as a tribute to ProfessorMervyn Alleyne-who is widely acknowledged as a pioneer in thefield of Caribbean language-on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. A wide variety of issues are dealt with: phonology, syntax, discourse, creole genesis, language problems in education, among others. Some authors re-visit topics on which Alleyne himself has written, building his insights in many cases, while others explore areas which had not been investigated previously. This work provides access to recent research by Caribbean scholars, and goes some way towards filling a gap, particularly in its usefulness to students of linguistics and teachers of English. At the same time, the uninitiated reader who decides to explore its pages will not be unrewarded, since the the style is simple and direct and the content, for the most part, not highly technical.

Download or read book Surviving the Middle Passage written by Pieter C. Muysken and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the close historical and linguistic relationship between the languages of Surinam and Benin, a relationship which can be viewed in terms of a Trans Atlantic Sprachbund or linguistic area. It consists of a detailed analysis of various possible substrate and adstrate effects in a number of components of the grammar, in the Surinam Creole languages, primarily from the Gbe languages of Benin but also from Kikongo.

Download or read book Universals of Language Today written by Sergio Scalise and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-11 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the contributions presented at the international congress held at the University of Bologna in January 2007, where leading scholars of different persuasions and interests offered an up-to-date overview of the current status of the research on linguistic universals. The papers that make up the volume deal with both theoretical and empirical issues, and range over various domains, covering not only morphology and syntax, which were the major focus of Greenberg’s seminal work, but also phonology and semantics, as well as diachrony and second language acquisition. Diverse perspectives illustrate and discuss a huge number of phenomena from a wide variety of languages, not only exploring the way research on universals - tersects with different subareas of linguistics, but also contributing to the ongoing debate between functional and formal approaches to explaining the universals of language. This stimulating reading for scientists, researchers and postgraduate students in linguistics shows how different, but not irreconcilable, modes of explanation can complement each other, both offering fresh insights into the investigation of unity and diversity in languages, and pointing to exciting areas for future research. • A fresh and up-to-date survey of the present state of research on Universals of Language in an international context, with original contributions from leading specialists in the eld. • First-hand accounts of substantive ndings and theoretical observations in diff- ent subareas of linguistics. • Huge number of linguistic phenomena and data from diffferent languages a- lyzed and discussed in detail.

Download or read book Sociolinguistic Variation written by Robert Bayley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why does human language vary from one person, or one group, to another? In what ways does it vary? How do linguists go about studying variation in, say, the sound system or the sentence structure of a particular language? Why is the study of language variation important outside the academic world, in say education, the law, employment or housing? This book provides an overview of these questions, bringing together a team of experts to survey key areas within the study of language variation and language change. Covering both the range of methods used to research variation in language, and the applications of such research to a variety of social contexts, it is essential reading for advanced students and researchers in sociolinguistics, communication, linguistic anthropology and applied linguistics.

Download or read book Sociolinguistics and Language Education written by Nancy H. Hornberger and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, addressed to experienced and novice language educators, provides an up-to-date overview of sociolinguistics, reflecting changes in the global situation and the continuing evolution of the field and its relevance to language education around the world. Topics covered include nationalism and popular culture, style and identity, creole languages, critical language awareness, gender and ethnicity, multimodal literacies, classroom discourse, and ideologies and power. Whether considering the role of English as an international language or innovative initiatives in Indigenous language revitalization, in every context of the world sociolinguistic perspectives highlight the fluid and flexible use of language in communities and classrooms, and the importance of teacher practices that open up spaces of awareness and acceptance of --and access to--the widest possible communicative repertoire for students.

Download or read book Creolizing Political Theory written by Jane Anna Gordon and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Might creolization offer political theory an approach that would better reflect the heterogeneity of political life? After all, it describes mixtures that were not supposed to have emerged in the plantation societies of the Caribbean but did so through their capacity to exemplify living culture, thought, and political practice. Similar processes continue today, when people who once were strangers find themselves unequal co-occupants of new political locations they both seek to call “home.” Unlike multiculturalism, in which different cultures are thought to co-exist relatively separately, creolization describes how people reinterpret themselves through interaction with one another. While indebted to comparative political theory, Gordon offers a critique of comparison by demonstrating the generative capacity of creolizing methodologies. She does so by bringing together the eighteenth-century revolutionary Swiss thinker Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the twentieth-century Martinican-born Algerian liberationist Frantz Fanon. While both provocatively challenged whether we can study the world in ways that do not duplicate the prejudices that sustain its inequalities, Fanon, she argues, outlined a vision of how to bring into being the democratically legitimate alternatives that Rousseau mainly imagined.

Download or read book Growing Up with Tok Pisin written by Geoff P. Smith and published by Battlebridge Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tok Pisin is the Pidgin English language that was introduced to Papua New Guinea in the late 19th century as a way for this linguistically complex society to communicate with a common language. This book provides the historical background for this language and a detailed account of the changes that are taking place in its pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar as it is increasingly adopted as the first language of young people throughout the country.

Download or read book Sociolinguistic Theory written by J. K. Chambers and published by Blackwell Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociolinguistic Theory presents a critical synthesis of sociolinguistics, centering on the study of language variation and change. Synthesizes the most important descriptive and theoretical findings concerning linguistic variation from the last forty years. Provides an integrated framework for studying language variation and its social significance. Expands on the first edition's discussion of communicative competence and developmental sociolinguistics. Is written by one of the world's foremost scholars in the field of variation studies and includes data from his own work.