Download or read book Recent Advances in Transthyretin Evolution Structure and Biological Functions written by Samantha J. Richardson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its ?rst description in 1942 in both serum and cerebrospinal ?uid, transthyretin (TTR) has had an eventful history, including changes in name from “prealbumin” to “thyroxine-binding prealbumin” to “transthyretin” as knowledge increased about its functions. TTR is synthesised in a wide range of tissues in humans and other eutherian mammals: the liver, choroid plexus (blood- cerebrospinal ?uid barrier), retinal pigment epithelium of the eye, pancreas, intestine and meninges. However, its sites of synthesis are more restricted in other vertebrates. This implies that the number of tissues synthesising TTR during vertebrate evolution has increased, and raises questions about the selection pressures governing TTR synthesis. TTR is most widely known as a distributor of thyroid hormones. In addition, TTR binds retinol-binding protein, which binds retinol. In this way, TTR is also involved with retinoid distribution. More recently, TTR has been demonstrated to bind a wide variety of endocrine disruptors including drugs, pollutants, industrial compounds, heavy metals, and some naturally occurring plant ?avonoids. These not only interfere with thyroid hormone delivery in the body, but also transport such endocrine disruptors into the brain, where they have the potential to accumulate.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Transthyretin Evolution Structure and Biological Functions written by Samantha J. Richardson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-21 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its ?rst description in 1942 in both serum and cerebrospinal ?uid, transthyretin (TTR) has had an eventful history, including changes in name from “prealbumin” to “thyroxine-binding prealbumin” to “transthyretin” as knowledge increased about its functions. TTR is synthesised in a wide range of tissues in humans and other eutherian mammals: the liver, choroid plexus (blood- cerebrospinal ?uid barrier), retinal pigment epithelium of the eye, pancreas, intestine and meninges. However, its sites of synthesis are more restricted in other vertebrates. This implies that the number of tissues synthesising TTR during vertebrate evolution has increased, and raises questions about the selection pressures governing TTR synthesis. TTR is most widely known as a distributor of thyroid hormones. In addition, TTR binds retinol-binding protein, which binds retinol. In this way, TTR is also involved with retinoid distribution. More recently, TTR has been demonstrated to bind a wide variety of endocrine disruptors including drugs, pollutants, industrial compounds, heavy metals, and some naturally occurring plant ?avonoids. These not only interfere with thyroid hormone delivery in the body, but also transport such endocrine disruptors into the brain, where they have the potential to accumulate.
Download or read book Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Brain Barrier Mechanisms written by Norman R Saunders and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain functions within an internal environment that is determined and controlled by morphological structures and cellular mechanisms present at interfaces between the brain and the rest of the body. In vertebrates these interfaces are across cerebral blood vessels (blood-brain barrier) choroid plexuses (blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier) and pia-arachnoid. There is a CSF-brain barrier in the neuroepithelium lining the ventricular system that is only present in embryos. There is now substantial evidence that many brain barrier mechanisms develop early and that in some cases they are functionally more active and even more specialized compared to adult barriers. Therefore barriers in developing brain should be viewed as adapted appropriately for the growing brain and not, as is still widely believed, immature. Considerable advances in our understanding of these barrier mechanisms have come from studies of the developing brain and invertebrates. A striking aspect, to be highlighted in this special edition, is that many of the molecular mechanisms in these very diverse species are similar despite differences in the cellular composition of the interfaces. This Frontiers Topic comprises articles in three sections: Original studies, Reviews and Myths & Misconceptions. Original articles provide new information on molecular and cellular barrier mechanisms in developing brains of primates, including human embryos (Brøchner et al., Ek et al., Errede et al.), rodents (Bauer et al., Liddelow, Strazielle & Ghersi-Egea, Saunders et al., Whish et al.), chick (Bueno et al.) and zebrafish (Henson et al.) as well as studies in drosophila (Hindle & Bainton, De Salvo et al., Limmer et al.). The Reviews section includes evolutionary perspectives of the blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers (Bueno et al., Bill & Korzh). There are also detailed reviews of the current state of understanding of different interfaces and their functional mechanisms in developing brain (Bauer et al., Strazielle & Gjersi-Egea, Liddelow, Richardson et al., Errede et al., Henson et al., Brøchner et al) and in invertebrates (Hindle & Bainton, De Salvo et al., Limmer et al). Different aspects of the relationship between properties of the internal environment of the brain and its development are discussed. (Stolp & Molnar, Johansson, Prasongchean et al.). A neglected area, namely barriers over the surface of the brain during development is also covered (Brøchner et al.). Clinically related perspectives on barrier disruption in neonatal stroke are provided by Kratzer et al. and other aspects of dysfunction by Morretti et al. and by Palmeta et al. on the continuing problem of bilirubin toxicity. Progress in this field is hampered by many prevailing myths about barrier function, combined with methodologies that are not always appropriately selected or interpreted. These is covered in the Misconceptions, Myths and Methods section, including historical aspects and discussion of the paracellular pathway, a central dogma of epithelial and endothelial biology (Saunders et al.) and a review of markers used to define brain barrier integrity in development and in pathological conditions (Saunders et al.). Use of inappropriate markers has caused considerable confusion and unreliable interpretation in many published studies. Torbett et al deal with the complexities of the new field of applying proteomics to understanding blood-brain barrier properties as do Huntley at al with respect to applying modern high throughput gene expression methods (Huntley et al.). The Editorial summarizes the contributions from all authors. This includes mention of some the main unanswered but answerable questions in the field and what the impediments to progress may be.
Download or read book The Neurobiology of Australian Marsupials written by Ken Ashwell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-14 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australian marsupials represent a parallel adaptive radiation to that seen among placental mammals. This great natural experiment has produced a striking array of mammals with structural and behavioural features echoing those seen among primates, rodents, carnivores, edentates and ungulates elsewhere in the world. Many of these adaptations involve profound evolutionary changes in the nervous system, and occurred in isolation from those unfolding among placental mammals. Ashwell provides the first comprehensive review of the scientific literature on the structure and function of the nervous system of Australian marsupials. The book also includes the first comprehensive delineated atlases of brain structure in a representative diprotodont marsupial (the tammar wallaby) and a representative polyprotodont marsupial (the stripe-faced dunnart). For those interested in brain development, the book also provides the first comprehensive delineated atlas of brain development in a diprotodont marsupial (the tammar wallaby) during the critical first 4 weeks of pouch life.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes written by John Wass and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 2353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, the Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes is an up-to-date, objective and comprehensive text that covers the full scope of endocrinology and diabetes. It contains wide ranging and pragmatic advice on diagnosis and clear guidelines for recommended management, while also covering the scientific principles that underlie the medical practice in this important field. The book has been re-organised into 15 overarching sections, with new sections on Endocrinology of Pregnancy and Management of the Transgender Patient included. All other sections have been extensively updated and restructured. Each chapter is written by an internationally acknowledged expert, relates basic science to evidence based guidelines and clinical management, and where appropriate offers an outline of the controversies in the subject. The textbook has an international focus and deals with subject matter applicable across the globe. The new edition has over 800 images complementing the extensive text and information provided. The book is a 'one-stop' text for trainees and consultants in Endocrinology and Diabetes, residents, those preparing for sub-specialty exams and other professionals allied to the area who need to gain an understanding of the field. It acts as both a point of reference for the experienced consultant as well as a trusted training resource. Purchase of the print work also includes full access to the online edition of the textbook for the life of the edition.
Download or read book The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Vertebrate Development written by Marco António Campinho and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emery and Rimoin s Essential Medical Genetics written by David L. Rimoin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, Emery and Rimoin’s Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics has provided the ultimate source for practicing clinicians to learn how the study of genetics can be integrated into practice. Developed in parallel to the sixth edition, and featuring 174 original contributions from the many authors of the full set, this one volume work expertly condenses and synthesizes the most clinically relevant content, for convenient desk reference. Helping to bridge the gap between high-level molecular genetics and individual application, it follows the multi-volume set in encompassing scientific fundamentals, full spectrum discussion of major inherited disorders, and actionable therapies. Clinically oriented information is supported by concise descriptions of the principles of genetics, research approaches, and analytics to embrace the evolving population of students, researchers, and practitioners who are integrating their work to provide advanced diagnosis, prevention and treatment of human disease. This print volume is complemented and enhanced with online access to the complete text, online-only references, and high quality illustrations on www.expertconsult.com. Features 174 summarized contributions concisely discussing advances in cancer genetics, genomic technologies, and molecular genetics Contains hundreds of full colour illustrations supporting users with identification, concept illustration, and method processing Enhanced with full text online access, high quality illustrations, and online-only references at www.expertconsult.com
Download or read book Epidemiology of Thyroid Disorders written by Jahangir Moini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epidemiology of Thyroid Disorders provides comprehensive, clinical knowledge to professionals dealing with thyroid disorders. The book focuses on the pathophysiology of thyroid disorders, the prevalence and incidence of various diseases, and their prevention. This focused analysis on thyroid disorders raises awareness of this global problem that, once diagnosed or misdiagnosed, can sometimes lead to over-treatment and cardiovascular complications, especially in the elderly. This succinct, targeted reference gives the reader excellent information on the epidemiology of global thyroid disorders, as well as up-to-date treatment data and a special focus on prevention. Serves as a starting point for medical professionals, addressing the patterns, risk factors, prevention, and treatment of thyroid disorders around the world Discusses the prevalence of thyroid disorders around the world, covering disability and cost burden Covers recent trends, technologies and advancements in the management of thyroid diseases
Download or read book Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases written by David C Pryde and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date monograph on the drug discovery and regulatory elements of therapuetics used to treat rare or "orphan" diseases.
Download or read book International Review of Cytology written by Kwang W. Jeon and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-02-28 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology – both plant and animal. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research. This volume contains articles on Mechanism of Depolymerization and Severing of Actin Filaments and Its Significance in Cytoskeletal Dynamics; Biology of Polycomb and Thrithorax Group Proteins; Cell and Molecular Biology of Transthyretin and Thyroid Hormones; and Development and Role of Tight Junctions in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium.
Download or read book Issues in Proteins and Peptides Research and Application 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Proteins and Peptides Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Proteins and Peptides Research and Application. The editors have built Issues in Proteins and Peptides Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Proteins and Peptides Research and Application in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Proteins and Peptides Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Protein Misfolding Diseases written by Marina Ramirez-Alvarado and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 1311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasingly aging population will add to the number of individuals suffering from amyloid. Protein Misfolding Diseases provides a systematic overview of the current and emerging therapies for these types of protein misfolding diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Mad Cow. The book emphasizes therapeutics in an amyloid disease context to help students, faculty, scientific researchers, and doctors working with protein misfolding diseases bridge the gap between basic science and pharmaceutical applications to protein misfolding disease.
Download or read book Pathophysiology written by David C. Gaze and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathophysiology is the convergence of pathology (the discipline of observed changes in a diseased state) with physiology (the mechanisms of systems operation). It represents the functional changes that occur because of injury or disease. This volume provides state-of-the-art up-to-date literature reviews on pathophysiological processes in a number of disease states. The book is organised methodically in a head-to-toe systems approach examining aspects of neuropathophysiology, endocrine pathophysiology, structural biology, renal pathophysiology and genitourinary pathophysiology. This short volume on pathophysiology is intended for general medical and biomedical students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In addition, it is a useful short update of recent advances in research and translational biology to those working in academia or healthcare science.
Download or read book Protein Dimerization and Oligomerization in Biology written by Jacqueline M. Matthews and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-04 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has a strong focus on homo-oligomerization, which is surprisingly common. However, protein function is so often linked to both homo- and hetero-oligomerization and many heterologous interactions likely evolved from homologous interaction, so this volume also covers many aspects of hetero-oligomerization.
Download or read book Therapeutic Oligonucleotides written by Jens Kurreck and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2008 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a compelling overall update on current status of RNA interference
Download or read book Experimental Approaches of NMR Spectroscopy written by The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the advanced developments in methodology and applications of NMR spectroscopy to life science and materials science. Experts who are leaders in the development of new methods and applications of life and material sciences have contributed an exciting range of topics that cover recent advances in structural determination of biological and material molecules, dynamic aspects of biological and material molecules, and development of novel NMR techniques, including resolution and sensitivity enhancement. First, this book particularly emphasizes the experimental details for new researchers to use NMR spectroscopy and pick up the potentials of NMR spectroscopy. Second, the book is designed for those who are involved in either developing the technique or expanding the NMR application fields by applying them to specific samples. Third, the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan has organized this book not only for NMR members of Japan but also for readers worldwide who are interested in using NMR spectroscopy extensively.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes written by John A.H. Wass and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 2158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its second edition, the Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes is a fully comprehensive, evidence-based, and highly-valued reference work combining basic science with clinical guidance, and providing first rate advice on diagnosis and treatment.
