Download or read book Rebuilding Iraq s Infrastructure Through Iraqi Nationals written by Martin B. Pitts and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hard Lessons the Iraq Reconstruction Experience written by Stuart W. Bowen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A combination of poor planning, weak oversight and greed cheated U.S. taxpayers and undermined American forces in Iraq and Afghanistan. U.S. taxpayers have paid nearly $51 billion for projects in Iraq, including training the Iraqi army and police and rebuilding Iraq's oil, electric, justice, health and transportation sectors. Many of the projects did not succeed, partly because of violence in Iraq and friction between U.S. officials in Washington and Iraqi officials in Baghdad. The U.S. gov¿t. "was neither prepared for nor able to respond quickly to the ever-changing demands" of stabilizing Iraq and then rebuilding it. This report reviews the problems in the war effort, which the Bush admin. claimed would cost $2.4 billion. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Hard Lessons written by United States. Office of the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2009 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Product Description: The billions of dollars expended in Iraq constitute the largest relief and reconstruction exercise in American history. SIGIR's lessons learned capping report characterizes this effort in four phases (pre-war to ORHA, CPA, post-CPA/Negroponte era, and Khalilzad, Crocker, and the Surge). From this history, SIGIR forwards a series of conclusions and recommendations for Congress to consider when organizing for the next post-conflict reconstruction situation. Over the past five years, the United States has provided nearly fifty billion dollars for the relief and reconstruction of Iraq. This unprecedented rebuilding program, implemented after the March 2003 invasion, was developed to restore Iraq's essential services, build Iraq's security forces, create a market-based economy, and establish a democratic government--all in pursuit of U.S. interests in a stable and free Iraq. Did the U.S. rebuilding program achieve its objectives? Was the money provided well-spent or wasted? What lessons have we learned from the experience? Hard Lessons: The Iraq Reconstruction Experience, a report from the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction (SIGIR), answers these and other important questions by presenting a comprehensive history of the U.S. program, chiefly derived from SIGIR's body of extensive oversight work in Iraq, hundreds of interviews with key figures involved with the reconstruction program, and thousands of documents evidencing the reconstruction work that was - or was not - done. The report examines the limited pre-war planning for reconstruction, the shift from a large infrastructure program to a more community-based one, and the success of the Surge in 2007 and beyond. Hard Lessons concludes that the U.S. government did not have the structure or resources in place to execute the mammoth relief and reconstruction plan it took on in 2003. The lessons learned from this experience create a basis for reviewing and reforming the U.S. approach to contingency relief and reconstruction operations.
Download or read book Iraq written by Curt Tarnoff and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. A large-scale assistance program has been undertaken by the U.S. in Iraq since mid-¿03. By Spring '09, over $49 billion had been appropriated for Iraq reconstruction. In June '09, A significant number of reconstruction activities, especially those involving construction of roads, sanitation, electric power, oil production, and other infrastructure, are completed or near completion. Most large-scale infrastructure programs are no longer funded. However, many small-scale, targeted community-level infrastructure efforts are funded. The key emphases of the aid program are the training of Iraqi forces and programs assisting the development of Iraqi governing capacities and supporting the work of the Provincial Reconstruction Teams. Illustrations.
Download or read book The Reconstruction of Iraq after 2003 written by Hideki Matsunaga and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning in 2003, diverse and significant actors, both domestic and international, engaged in reconstruction activities in Iraq. The total budget committed to Iraq’s reconstruction was unprecedented among postconflict operations mobilized by the international community. Despite the vast sums of money spent, and the implementation of its many projects and programs, the donors and the Iraqi people view the reconstruction efforts in Iraq in a negative light. The Reconstruction of Iraq after 2003: Learning from Its Successes and Failures focuses on the period between 2003 and 2014—that is, after the United States†“led invasion and overthrow of the Saddam Hussein regime, and before the sudden rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), also known as Daesh. This book assesses several dimensions of Iraq’s reconstruction. First, it considers the response of key international actors, such as the United Nations, the World Bank, the United States, and other bilateral donors—specifically, the European Union, Japan, and the United Kingdom—as well as nongovernmental organizations. Second, it analyzes the process and results of the reconstruction of key sectors (electricity, oil, education, and health), and the interventions geared to institution building and governance reform. Pursuing effective reconstruction within the context of conflict and fragility is a formidable challenge because of the uncertain, fluid, and complex environment. Based on the experience in Iraq, how can the international community support the effectiveness and durability of reconstruction? This book identifies lessons in seven areas and offers four recommendations for international and domestic actors and citizens engaged in reconstruction activities. The Reconstruction of Iraq after 2003 is important reading for development practitioners and policy makers who are or will be engaged in reconstruction efforts in fragile and conflict-affected environments.
Download or read book Securing Stabilizing and Rebuilding Iraq Progress Report written by Gene L. Dodaro and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2001, Congress has appropriated about $640 billion for the global war on terrorism, the majority of this for operations in Iraq. In Jan. 2007, the Pres. announced ¿The New Way Forward¿ to stem violence in Iraq and enable the Iraqi gov¿t. to foster national reconciliation. This new strategy established goals and objectives to achieve over 12 to 18 months, or by July 2008. This report discusses progress in meeting key goals in ¿The New Way Forward¿: (1) improve security conditions; (2) develop capable Iraqi security forces and help the Iraqi gov¿t.; (3) enact key legislation; (4) spend capital budgets; and (5) provide essential services. Also discusses U.S. strategies for Iraq. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Iraq Reconstruction written by Joseph A. Christoff and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The President¿s New Way Forward in Iraq identified Iraq¿s inability to spend its resources to rebuild infrastructure and deliver essential services as a critical economic challenge to Iraq¿s self-reliance. Further, Iraq¿s ability to spend its $10.1 billion capital projects budget in 2007 was one of the 18 benchmarks used to assess U.S. progress in stabilizing and rebuilding Iraq. This report: (1) examines data the U.S. embassy used to determine the extent to which the gov¿t. of Iraq spent its 2007 capital projects budget; (2) identifies factors affecting the Iraqi gov¿ts. ability to spend these funds; and (3) describes U.S. gov¿t. efforts to assist the Iraqi gov¿t. in spending its capital projects funds. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Rebuilding Iraq More Comprehensive National Strategy Needed to Help Achieve U S Goals written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Securing Stabilizing and Rebuilding Iraq Progress Report Some Gains Made Updated Strategy Needed written by Gene L. Dodaro and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Jan. 2007, the Pres. announced a new U.S. strategy to stem the violence in Iraq and help the Iraqi gov¿t. foster conditions for national reconciliation. In ¿The New Way Forward,¿ the Admin. articulated near-term goals to achieve over a 12- to 18-month period and reasserted the end state for Iraq: a unified, democratic, federal Iraq that can govern, defend, and sustain itself and is an ally in the war on terror. To support this strategy, the U.S. increased its military presence and financial commitments for Iraq operations. This testimony discusses: (1) progress in meeting key security, legislative, and economic goals of ¿The New Way Forward¿; and (2) past and current U.S. strategies for Iraq and the need for an updated strategy. Illus.
Download or read book Hard Lessons written by Stuart Bowen and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2009-02-02 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hard Lessons reviews the Iraq reconstruction experience from mid-2002 through the fall of 2008. Like SIGIR's previous lessons learned reports, this study is not an audit. Rather, it arises from our congressional mandate to provide "advice and recommendations on policies to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness" in programs created for Iraq's relief and reconstruction. The report presents a chronological history of the reconstruction program, threading together a number of themes including: * the enormous challenges that security problems posed for rebuilding efforts * the dramatic and frequently reactive course-changes in reconstruction strategy * the turbulence engendered by continual personnel turnover at every level * the waste caused by inadequate contracting and program management practices * the poor integration of interagency efforts caused by weak unity of command and inconsistent unity of effort. The text of this report-through vignette, interview, and factual detail-explicates these themes by, in turn, laying out the blinkered and disjointed prewar planning for postwar Iraq; the CPA's large and ultimately too ambitious expansion of the reconstruction program; the security-driven reprogrammings required by the exploding insurgency; the strongly resourced response of the surge; and the rise of Iraq's role in its own reconstruction. Hard Lessons answers some important questions about the U.S. relief and reconstruction program in Iraq: * Did the program meet the goals it set for itself? Was the program grossly burdened by waste and fraud? Why did reconstruction efforts so often fail to meet their mark?The research for Hard Lessons comprised interviews with hundreds of individuals and the review of thousands of documents. SIGIR reached out to virtually every major player in the Iraq reconstruction experience and almost all agreed to be interviewed or provide useful responses. Among others, Secretaries Powell, Rumsfeld, Gates, and Rice; USAID Administrator Natsios and Deputy Administrator Kunder; Deputy Secretaries Wolfowitz, England, Armitage and Negroponte; Under Secretary Feith; Ambassadors Bremer, Khalilzad, Crocker, Jeffrey, Satterfield, Speckhard, Taylor, and Saloom; and Generals Garner, Abizaid, McKiernan, Strock, Eaton, Sanchez, Casey, Petraeus, Odierno, Chiarelli, Dempsey, and McCoy were all interviewed by SIGIR or gave helpful information or advice. We also interviewed Iraqi leaders, including former Prime Ministers Allawi and Ja'afari, Deputy Prime Ministers Chalabi and Salih, Ambassador Sumaida'ie, Judge Radhi, and Minister Baban. Equally important to the study, SIGIR staff interviewed hundreds of military members, government officials, and civilian contractors who carried out the "brick and mortar" work of Iraq's relief and reconstruction. The report also draws on the body of SIGIR audits, inspections, and investigations, as well as reports from other investigative bodies.
Download or read book Hard Lessons written by United States. Office of the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: rebuilding program achieve its objectives? Was the money provided well-spent or wasted? What lessons have we learned from the experience? Hard Lessons: The Iraq Reconstruction Experience, a report from the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction (SIGIR), answers these and other important questions by presenting a comprehensive history of the U.S. program, chiefly derived from SIGIR's body of extensive oversight work in Iraq, hundreds of interviews with key figures involved with the reconstruction program, and thousands of documents evidencing the reconstruction work that was-or was not-done. The report examines the limited pre-war planning for reconstruction, the shift from a large infrastructure program to a more community-based one, and the success of the "Surge" in 2007 and beyond. Hard Lessons concludes that the U.S. government did not have the structure or resources in place to execute the mammoth relief and reconstruction plan it took on in 2003.
Download or read book Iraq written by Curt Tarnoff and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large-scale assistance program has been undertaken by the United States in Iraq since mid-2003. To date, about $49 billion has been appropriated for Iraq reconstruction. Most recently, in June 2008, Congress approved over $4 billion for Iraq reconstruction in a FY2008/2009 supplemental appropriations bill, H.R. 2642 (P.L. 110-252). The FY2009 regular foreign operations appropriations (P.L. 111-8, Division H, H.R. 1105, signed by the President on March 11, 2009) provides no economic aid to Iraq with the exception of demining assistance. Security aid and most economic aid are provided in supplemental appropriations bills. On June 28, 2004, the entity implementing assistance programs, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), dissolved, and sovereignty was returned to Iraq. U.N. Security Council Resolution 1546 of June 8, 2004, returned control of assets held in the Development Fund for Iraq to the government of Iraq. U.S. economic assistance is now provided through the U.S. embassy, while security aid is chiefly managed by the Pentagon. A significant number of reconstruction activities, especially those involving construction of road, sanitation, electric power, oil production, and other infrastructure, are completed or near completion. Security concerns slowed progress and added considerable expense to these efforts. Reconstruction priorities and funding mechanisms have changed over time. The Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund (IRRF), the main U.S. assistance account in the first few years, is no longer available, and most large-scale infrastructure programs are no longer funded. However, many small-scale, targeted community-level infrastructure efforts are funded under the Commander's Emergency Response Program (CERP) and the Economic Support Fund (ESF). The key emphases of the aid program are the training of Iraqi forces and programs assisting the development of Iraqi governing capacities and supporting the work of the Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs).
Download or read book Reconstruction Under Adversity written by Steven R. Miles and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Iraq, the infrastructure reconstruction remains the lynch pin component to building long-term Iraqi stability and progress. To that end, the United States pledged over 20 billion dollars to improve basic essential services and rebuild Iraq's dilapidated infrastructure (oil, water, electricity, sewer, health, education, etc.). The unexpected strength and success of the insurgency derailed many of the post-conflict objectives creating a strategy dilemma. Which comes first, security or reconstruction? Reconstruction is pivotal to winning the hearts and minds of the local people. However, infrastructure reconstruction requires a sustained permissive environment in order for non-combatant local contractors to execute the re-building effort. The traditional linear sequential approach of reconstruction after hostilities appears to be a luxury of the past. This "new kind of war" demands a new approach. This study examines eight critical lessons that the United States should implement to improve our ability to conduct successful reconstruction operations in the future.
Download or read book Rebuilding Iraq written by David Masci and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly four months after the fall of Baghdad, U.S. and British efforts to rebuild Iraq face daunting problems. An independent task force warns of a "steady deterioration in the security situation" due to escalating guerrilla attacks against coalition forces. As a result, restoration of security and basic services has been delayed, fueling anti-Americanism among a frustrated Iraqi public. Some experts question a recent decision to purge experienced government officials who belonged to Saddam Hussein's Baath Party. Others argue that coalition efforts would be bolstered if the United Nations and other countries played a greater role in restoring Iraq's infrastructure and government. Meanwhile, many worry that Iraq will not be able to transition to a stable democracy -- a concern dismissed by President Bush.
Download or read book The Iraq Study Group Report written by Iraq Study Group (U.S.) and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2006-12-06 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the findings of the bipartisan Iraq Study Group, which was formed in 2006 to examine the situation in Iraq and offer suggestions for the American military's future involvement in the region.
Download or read book Saving Iraq written by Nemir Kirdar and published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson. This book was released on 2009 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manifesto for the rebirth of Iraq, a country shattered by dictatorship and foreign occupation. In his passionately argued book, Nemir Kirdar inspires hope that Iraq can be rebuilt and can start to generate peace and prosperity in a conflict-prone region. Born in Iraq, he draws on recollections of his early life and shows how, in times past, the country was able to rise above the diverse composition of its populatoin, achieve unity under the rule of law, ensure equality and meritocracy, and strive for economic prosperity. All that ended in 1958 when army conspirators staged a brutal coup d'etat, seized power and drove the nation into a long, dark tunnel of dictatorshop, terror and destruction. Now Nemir Kirdar calls for anew generation of Iraqis to rise up, unlock the potential of their rich nation and achieve world-class standards of health, housing and education for all citizens. His hope is that the country of his birth can become a beacon of democracy, stability and prosperity. To this end, he presents an entire blueprint for political, economic and social renewal. The Iraq of tomorrow, he believes, should be united and secular, able to offer freedom, justice and equal opportunity to all its citizens, irrespective of their ethnic, religious or tribal affiliations. Saving Iraq is a book of global significance, offering rational steps towards a successful resolution in a nation that has suffered a tragic decline.
Download or read book A CBO PAPER Paying for Iraq a Reconstruction written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: REBUILDING Iraq after 25 years of rule by Saddam Hussein and the war that overthrew his government will be one of the United States' foreign policy priorities in the coming years. By some estimates, the cost of reconstructing Iraq ranges from $50 billion to $100 billion. However, substantial disagreement exists about that cost, as well as about how much aid from the international community may be needed to rebuild the country, whether that aid should take the form of grants or loans, how much the United States should contribute, and how much Iraq can finance itself from its future sources of revenue. To assess the scope of the reconstruction job, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), the United Nations and World Bank, and the Bechtel Corporation (under contract to the U.S. Agency for International Development) carried out surveys of Iraq's needs in 2003. The needs that they identified are mainly associated with the deterioration of Iraqi infrastructure that has occurred since Iraq invaded Iran in 1980. The surveys indicate that although sanctions imposed during the 1990s and damage from recent postwar looting have worsened the condition of Iraq's infrastructure, they are not the most significant cause of its poor state.
