Download or read book The Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 Superfund P L 96 510 written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act a Summary of Superfund Cleanup Authorities and Related Provisions of the Act written by David M. Bearden and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA; P.L. 96-510) in response to a growing desire for the federal government to ensure the cleanup of the nation's most contaminated sites to protect the public from potential harm. The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-499, SARA) clarified the applicability of the statute's requirements to federal facilities, and modified various response, liability, and enforcement provisions. Several other laws also have amended CERCLA for specific purposes, including relief from cleanup liability for certain categories of parties, and the authorization of federal assistance for the cleanup of abandoned or idled “brownfields” where the presence or perception of contamination may impede economic redevelopment. CERCLA authorizes cleanup and enforcement actions to respond to actual or threatened releases of hazardous substances into the environment, but generally excludes releases of petroleum and certain other materials covered by other federal laws. Considering the limitation of federal resources to address the many contaminated sites across the United States, CERCLA directs the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to maintain a National Priorities List (NPL) to identify the most hazardous sites for the purpose of prioritizing cleanup actions. The states and the public may participate in federal cleanup decisions at NPL sites. The states primarily are responsible for pursuing the cleanup of sites not listed on the NPL, with the federal role at these sites limited mainly to addressing emergency situations. CERCLA established a broad liability scheme that holds past and current owners and operators of facilities from which a release occurs financially responsible for cleanup costs, natural resource damages, and the costs of federal public health studies. At waste disposal sites, generators of the wastes and transporters of the wastes who selected the site for disposal also are liable under CERCLA. The liability of these “potentially responsible parties” (PRPs) has been interpreted by the courts to be strict, joint and several, and retroactive. At contaminated federal facilities, federal agencies are subject to liability under CERCLA as the owners and operators of those facilities on behalf of the United States. Federal agencies also may be liable in instances in which an agency generated or transported waste for disposal at a non-federal facility. CERCLA established the Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund to pay for the cleanup of sites where the PRPs cannot be found or cannot pay. A combination of special taxes on industry and general taxpayer revenues originally financed the Superfund Trust Fund, but the authority to collect the industry taxes expired on December 31, 1995. Over time, Congress increased the contribution of general revenues to make up for the shortfall from the expired industry taxes. General revenues now provide most of the funding for the trust fund, but other monies continue to contribute some revenues (i.e., cost-recoveries from PRPs, fines and penalties for violations of cleanup requirements, and interest on the trust fund balance). The availability of these trust fund monies under the Superfund program is subject to appropriations by Congress. Private settlement funds deposited into site-specific Special Accounts within the Superfund Trust Fund also are available to EPA, but are not subject to discretionary appropriations. Considering the liability of the federal government at its own facilities, the cleanup of federal facilities is not funded with Superfund Trust Fund monies under the Superfund program, but with other federal monies appropriated to the agencies responsible for administering the facilities. However, EPA and the states remain responsible for overseeing and enforcing the implementation of CERCLA at federal facilities to ensure that applicable cleanup requirements are met.

Download or read book Reauthorization of and Possible Amendments to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 superfund written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Water Resources and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act written by David M. Bearden and published by . This book was released on 2012-11-11 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Responsive States written by Andrew Karch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how policy design and timing cause American state governments to greet national laws with enthusiasm, indifference, or hostility.

Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index

Download or read book CERCLA Primer written by and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 1995 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Superfund Reform and Reauthorization written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Amending and Extending the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 Superfund written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Superfund Program Completion Act of 1999 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Superfund Reassessment and Reauthorization written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Superfund, Waste Control, and Risk Assessment and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation s Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.

Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1986-11-21 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monthly Catalogue United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book EPA 540 G written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Financial Assistance by Geographic Area written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: