Download or read book Reassertion of Control over the Investment Treaty Regime written by Andreas Kulick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies a paradigm shift in international investment law and enquires into how states reassert control over investment treaties.
Download or read book Reassertion of Control Over the Investment Treaty Regime written by Andreas Kulick and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies a paradigm shift in international investment law and enquires into how states reassert control over investment treaties.
Download or read book The Political Economy of the Investment Treaty Regime written by Jonathan Bonnitcha and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-26 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment treaties are some of the most controversial but least understood instruments of global economic governance. Public interest in international investment arbitration is growing and some developed and developing countries are beginning to revisit their investment treaty policies. The Political Economy of the Investment Treaty Regime synthesises and advances the growing literature on this subject by integrating legal, economic, and political perspectives. Based on an analysis of the substantive and procedural rights conferred by investment treaties, it asks four basic questions. What are the costs and benefits of investment treaties for investors, states, and other stakeholders? Why did developed and developing countries sign the treaties? Why should private arbitrators be allowed to review public regulations passed by states? And what is the relationship between the investment treaty regime and the broader regime complex that governs international investment? Through a concise, but comprehensive, analysis, this book fills in some of the many "blind spots" of academics from different disciplines, and is the first port of call for lawyers, investors, policy-makers, and stakeholders trying to make sense of these critical instruments governing investor-state relations.
Download or read book A Guide to State Succession in International Investment Law written by Patrick Dumberry and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Guide to State Succession in International Investment Law provides a comprehensive analysis of State succession issues arising in the context of international investment law. The author examines whether a successor State is bound by the investment treaties and State contracts which the predecessor State had signed with other States and foreign investors before the date of succession. Actors who are called upon to apply rules of State succession in investment arbitration cases will find this book a valuable source of practical guidance with strong theoretical foundations.
Download or read book States Reassertion of Control Over International Investment Law Re Defining Fair and Equitable Treatment and Indirect Expropriation written by Eric De Brabandere and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter investigates how States, through the definitions of the FET standard and the prohibition of indirect expropriation have sought to assert or reassert control over investment law. Indeed, there are clear differences in the formulation of the FET standard and the prohibition of indirect expropriation. 'Western Hemisphere'-BITs used in European States tend to include FET as a stand-alone standard of treatment, while North-American investment treaties, as exemplified inter alia in the NAFTA and the US Model BIT 2012, tend to equate FET with the customary norm on the minimum standard of treatment. Similarly, distinctions in the formulation of what constitutes a prohibited indirect expropriation are widespread, and here again the contrast between the practice of North-American treaties and those based on the 'Western Hemisphere'-BITs show that the former tend to more precisely define what constitutes a prohibited indirect expropriation and which regulatory measures cannot amount to an expropriation, while the latter more generally contain a generic definition of the term. These differences highlight one important issue: States generally have full discretion in how to formulate these provisions in their treaty. And while 'tradition' has in the past influenced the choice of one model or formulation over the other, increasingly policy-related arguments now define the precise formulation of FET and the prohibition of indirect expropriation, provided of course that all States parties to the treaty agree on the terminology. Whether or not States have, in doing so, in fact reasserted control or simply asserted control is left aside, and is being discussed elsewhere in this volume. Indeed, the use of the term 'reasserting' implies that somehow States had 'lost' control, on the one hand, and that they had control before on the other. These assumptions may well not be as straightforward as assumed. As said, however, I leave such questions aside in the context of this chapter, instead I will focus on the recent treaty practice of States in showing how States have - to use a more neutral term - reacted against the application and interpretation of FET and indirect expropriation by arbitral tribunals in the abundant case-law that exists in that respect.
Download or read book International Investment Law written by Tarcisio Gazzini and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2012-08-22 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transnational investment involves a variety of actors (States, public and private legal entities, and natural persons) whose relationships are governed by rules and legal instruments belonging to different legal systems. This book provides a systematic study of the sources of rights and obligations in the field of transnational investment, and their coordination and interaction. It focuses primarily on the network of over 3,000 Bilateral Investment Treaties, international investment contracts, customary international law, the main multilateral treaties, national legislation, international case law and general principles of law. The book, firmly based on State practice, arbitral awards and national decisions, is indispensable to fully appraise the nature and content of the claims of private investors as well as to identify the law applicable in investment arbitration.
Download or read book Evolution in Investment Treaty Law and Arbitration written by Chester Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-11-17 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International investment law is in a state of evolution. With the advent of investor-State arbitration in the latter part of the twentieth century - and its exponential growth over the last decade - new levels of complexity, uncertainty and substantive expansion are emerging. States continue to enter into investment treaties and the number of investor-State arbitration claims continues to rise. At the same time, the various participants in investment treaty arbitration are faced with increasingly difficult issues concerning the fundamental character of the investment treaty regime, the role of the actors in international investment law, the new significance of procedure in the settlement of disputes and the emergence of cross-cutting issues. Bringing together established scholars and practitioners, as well as members of a new generation of international investment lawyers, this volume examines these developments and provides a balanced assessment of the challenges being faced in the field.
Download or read book The Return of the Home State to Investor State Disputes written by Rodrigo Polanco and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of home states to investment disputes and questions whether it represents a return to diplomatic protection.
Download or read book Prospects in International Investment Law and Policy written by Roberto Echandi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the most central debates in contemporary investment law and policy.
Download or read book The Changing Practices of International Law written by Tanja Aalberts and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-05 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countering mainstream theories, this book focuses on the expanding institutionalisation of international law.
Download or read book Bursting Policy Bubbles written by Daniel Behn and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth in the signing of international investment agreements (IIAs) in the period 1990 to 2009 can be characterised as an international public policy bubble. Like the rise of privatisation at the domestic level, the expansion of this international treaty regime was arguably premised on an over-estimation of the benefits of protection of foreign direct investment in light of available evidence. Yet, by the mid-2000s, the international investment treaty regime was experiencing an acknowledged legitimacy crisis and policymakers in many states began shifting course. After identifying this policy bubble, this paper aims to develop the literature on policy bubbles further by focusing on the reaction to a bubble. We firstly chart the nature of state responses to the IIA bubble by examining policymaker behavior through the prism of states both as principals (regime designers) and litigants (respondents in investment treaty arbitration). We secondly ask why some policymakers have burst (or deflated) the investment treaty bubble. In doing so, we argue that reactions are driven by either (1) an awareness of the disequilibrium or (2) a shift in the underlying equilibrium that exposes the original disequilibrium. Both of these shifts are dependent are changes in the rational choice (objective) and constructivist (perceived) calculations of costs and benefits. Here, we argue that exposure to litigation, in particular, has exposed the existence of disequilibrium while shifts in domestic ideological preferences and investment flows have changed the underlying equilibrium point.
Download or read book Exit Quasi Exit And Silence written by Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed Mossallam and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of growing discontent with Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) and the expansive nature of the substantive protection standards in Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs), States around the world are revisiting their investment treaties. Developing countries are the most frequent respondents in ISDS cases. They have shared a growing concern that BITs restrict their right to regulate in the public interest. These realities trigger two research problems motivating this dissertation: how and why did developing countries sign these treaties; and how and why have their reactions to emerging policy constraints differed. While there is a considerable literature addressing the first problem, there is a dearth of studies addressing the second. This political economy study conducts a qualitative comparative case study analysis of three developing countries - Egypt, South Africa, and Bolivia - that share similarities in the way they signed BITs, but reacted differently to their constraints. Mobilising Hirschman's Exit, Voice, and Loyalty framework, this thesis assesses what options are available to developing countries (in practice) and which factors determine why a particular route is pursued. This framework is supplemented by Poulsen's adaptation of the Bounded Rationality theory and Gwynn's use of the Structural Power Framework to enable a historical analysis of how and why BITs were signed and later contested. This thesis argues that in order to reflect the options available to developing countries, Hirschman's framework must be reconceptualised to take into consideration the dynamics of the investment treaty regime and the challenges facing developing countries when deciding which route to take. It proposes revising Hirschman's framework so that 'exit' is reconceptualised, 'voice' is replaced with 'quasi-exit', and 'loyalty' with 'silence'. The main factors that influence the decision to take one route or another include structural power dynamics influenced by a country's international economic position, and its regime's ideological motives.
Download or read book International Challenges in Investment Arbitration written by Mesut Akbaba and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the proverbial workhorse of international economic law, investment arbitration is heavily relied upon around the globe. It has to cope with the demands of increasingly complex proceedings. At the same time, investment arbitration has come under close public scrutiny in the midst of heated political debate. Both of these factors have led to the field of investment protection being subject to continuous changes. Therefore, it presents an abundance of challenges in its interpretation and application. While these challenges are often deeply rooted in the doctrinal foundations of international law, they similarly surface during live arbitral proceedings. International Challenges in Investment Arbitration serves not only as a collection of recently debated issues in investment law; it also deals with the underlying fundamental questions at the intersection of investment arbitration and international law. The book is the product of the 1st Bucerius Law Journal Conference on International Investment Law & Arbitration. It combines the current state of knowledge, new perspectives on the topic as well as practical issues and will be of interest to researchers, academics and practitioners in the fields of international investment law, international economic law, regulation and comparative law.
Download or read book Beyond Credible Commitments written by Lauge N. Skovgaard Poulsen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do states enter into treaties? In literature on the investment regime, the dominant answer is that investment treaties provide credible commitments to foreign investors. This narrative provides valuable insights but cannot account for the historical origins of the treaties, where drafters explicitly decided to exclude 'strong' dispute settlement provisions. Unlike modern- day investment treaties, the early investment treaty regime did not allow investors to file claims against host states through investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). Using historical evidence from three major capital exporting states - the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany - the article shows that this was a conscious design choice. Rather than providing formal dispute settlement, sanctions and penalties to make credible commitments, Western states intended investment treaties to serve as salient focal points for the informal resolution of investment disputes. The substantive obligations were expected to fulfil their coordinating role without the shadow of judicialized dispute settlement. The argument is not just of historical interest but has broader implications for literature on international economic law dominated by the credible commitment narrative, as well as the current political backlash against ISDS.
Download or read book Stabilization Clauses in International Investment Law written by Jola Gjuzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the tension between the host state’s commitment to provide regulatory stability for foreign investors – which is a tool for attracting FDI and generating economic growth – and its evolving non-economic commitments towards its citizens with regard to environmental protection and social welfare. The main thesis is that the ‘stabilization clause/regulatory power antinomy,’ as it appears in many cases, contradicts the content and rationale of sustainable development, a concept that is increasingly prevalent in national and international law and which aims at the integration and balancing of economic, environmental, and social development. To reconcile this antinomy at the decision-making and dispute settlement levels, the book employs a ‘constructive sustainable development approach,’ which is based on the integration and reconciliation imperatives of the concept of sustainable development as well as on the application of principles of law such as non-discrimination, public purpose, due process, proportionality, and more generally, good governance and rule of law. It subsequently re-conceptualizes stabilization clauses in terms of their design (ex-ante) and interpretation (ex-post), yielding stability to the benefit of foreign investors, while also mitigating their negative effects on the host state’s power to regulate.
Download or read book Global Public Interest in International Investment Law written by Andreas Kulick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strengths of international investment law - above all, a strong focus on investor interests and an effective adjudication and enforcement system - also entail its weaknesses: it runs the danger of impeding or even sanctioning the host states' legitimate regulatory interests and ignoring other fields of public international law. How does it cope with public interest concerns such as human rights, the environment or the fight against corruption? At the heart of this book lies a fresh approach towards a general theory of such global public interest considerations in the investment realm. Delineating how and why those considerations matter, and why the current system does not accommodate them properly, Andreas Kulick fleshes out general principles and customary international law as defences the host state may raise against alleged investor rights infringements and promotes proportionality as the appropriate balancing mechanism.
Download or read book Withdrawing from International Regimes written by Tuuli-Anna Huikuri and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
