Download or read book Real time Studies of Thin Film Growth of Organic Semiconductors written by Stefan M. Kowarik and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Real time Studies of Organic Semiconductor Thin Film Growth written by Tushar Vrushank Desai and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis discusses the thin film deposition of small molecule organic semiconductors. Small molecule organics are attracting significant interest primarily due to their ability to form well ordered thin films at low temperatures with reasonable electronic properties. Potential applications of organic based electronics include thin film transistors, display technologies, flexible integrated circuits and photovoltaics. The growth and morphology of these organic thin films is very sensitive to the nature (chemical and physical) of the underlying substrate. A significant challenge in fabricating organic thin film devices with superior electrical characteristics is that of controlling and more importantly understanding the properties at the interface between the organic semiconducting layer and the underlying substrate. In this thesis, the use of supersonic molecular beams as a means to deposit organic semiconductor thin films is discussed in conjunction with in situ real-time synchrotron scattering and ex situ atomic force microscopy as thin film characterization techniques. This thesis discusses the effects of the incident kinetic energy of the small molecule organic and the nature of dielectric (clean silicon dioxide, SiO2; or SiO2 modified with self-assembled monolayers, SAMs, of varying thickness and chemical functionality; or SiO2 modified with polymers of varying surface energy) on the fundamental thin film processes occurring at the organic semiconductor/substrate interface. These thin film processes include adsorption, nucleation and diffusion, and the filling up of individual monolayers during thin film growth. Experiments have provided significant insight into these fundamental thin film processes. The results indicate that the probability of adsorption is a strong function of the incident kinetic energy of the organic molecule and thickness of the underlying SAM. The submonolayer island shape and island density is also a strong function of the underlying substrate with the later implying a change in the diffusivity of the organic with the identity of the substrate. Finally, the results suggest that multilayer thin film morphology such as feature/grain size and the thin film roughness is also a function of the underlying substrate.
Download or read book Real Time in Situ X Ray Studies of Organic Heterostructure Formation written by Edward Robert Kish and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents several studies of the deposition and growth of thin films of organic semiconductors and the formation of organic-organic heterostructures. Organic semiconductors are of great interest due to their usefulness in electronic, optical and photovoltaic devices, compatibility with flexible substrates, and they can be processed at low temperatures compared to traditional, inorganic semiconductors. Thus, they are desirable for low cost device applications such as transistors, OLEDs, and photovoltaics. An organic photovoltaic device requires combining two different organic semiconductors into a single structure. An interface between a donor material and an acceptor material is necessary for a functioning organic photovoltaic device. In this work, the use of supersonic molecular beams to deposit organic thin films of pentacene and diindenoperylene on SiO2 is directly compared to the use of thermal evaporation, and the effects on the nucleation of organic thin films are examined. Incident kinetic energy is found to have no influence on the critical nucleus size for pentacene and diindenoperylene. Supersonic molecular beams and in situ synchrotron x-ray scattering are used to investigate the mechanism of adsorption and dynamics of thin film growth of three perylene derivatives: N, N'-dipentylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C5), N, N'-dioctylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C8), and N, N'-ditridecylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C13) on surfaces modified with organic self-assembled monolayers. Small changes in molecular structure, like changing the length of alkyl side chains on PTCDICn molecules, results in significant changes for thin film growth. Shorter side chains result in smoother, more prolonged layer by layer growth. This thesis also reports on the growth of heterostructures of two different organic semiconductors, both simple bilayer stacks and more complex multilayer structures. While growth of PTCDI-Cn on films of pentacene results in smooth layer-bylayer growth, when pentacene is deposited on PTCDI-Cn films, the resulting films are extremely rough, and exhibit Volmer-Weber growth. When growing heterostructures by depositing alternating layers of pentacene and PTCDI-Cn, this effect causes increases in roughness after the deposition of pentacene. Interestingly, the roughness can be decreased after depositing a layer of PTCDICn . This behavior suggests that the two materials are forming separate domains rather than a superlattice structure, which could be favorable for photovoltaic devices. This behavior is driven by differences in surface energy of pentacene and PTCDI-Cn . This result has implications for future work attempting to form heterostructures of two different organic semiconductors, highlighting the important of surface energy considerations.
Download or read book Thin Film Growth written by Zexian Cao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-18 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film technology is used in many applications such as microelectronics, optics, hard and corrosion resistant coatings and micromechanics, and thin films form a uniquely versatile material base for the development of novel technologies within these industries. Thin film growth provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin films.Part one focuses on the theory of thin film growth, with chapters covering nucleation and growth processes in thin films, phase-field modelling of thin film growth and surface roughness evolution. Part two covers some of the techniques used for thin film growth, including oblique angle deposition, reactive magnetron sputtering and epitaxial growth of graphene films on single crystal metal surfaces. This section also includes chapters on the properties of thin films, covering topics such as substrate plasticity and buckling of thin films, polarity control, nanostructure growth dynamics and network behaviour in thin films.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Thin film growth is an essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering, as well as those with an academic research interest in the topic. - Provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin films - Focusses on the theory and modelling of thin film growth, techniques and mechanisms used for thin film growth and properties of thin films - An essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering
Download or read book Electronic Processes in Organic Electronics written by Hisao Ishii and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-07 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers a variety of studies of organic semiconductors, from fundamental electronic states to device applications, including theoretical studies. Furthermore, innovative experimental techniques, e.g., ultrahigh sensitivity photoelectron spectroscopy, photoelectron yield spectroscopy, spin-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and a material processing method with optical-vortex and polarization-vortex lasers, are introduced. As this book is intended to serve as a textbook for a graduate level course or as reference material for researchers in organic electronics and nanoscience from electronic states, fundamental science that is necessary to understand the research is described. It does not duplicate the books already written on organic electronics, but focuses mainly on electronic properties that arise from the nature of organic semiconductors (molecular solids). The new experimental methods introduced in this book are applicable to various materials (e.g., metals, inorganic and organic materials). Thus the book is also useful for experts working in physics, chemistry, and related engineering and industrial fields.
Download or read book Frontiers in Materials Research written by Yasunori Fujikawa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-02 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New advanced materials are being rapidly developed, thanks to the progress of science. These are making our daily life more convenient. The Institute for Materials Research (IMR) at Tohoku University has greatly contributed for to the creation and development of various advanced materials and the progress in the ?eld of material science for almost a century. For example, our early research achievements on the physical metallurgy of iron carbon alloys led to the innovation of technology for making high-quality steels, which has greatly contributed to the advancement of the steel and related industry in Japan and rest of the world. IMR has focused on basic research that can be translated into applications in the future, for the bene?t of mankind. With this tradition, we have established the ?rst high-magnetic ?eld as well as low-temperature technologies in Japan, which were essential to the - vancement of magnetism and superconductivity. Recently, IMR has expanded its research in the ?eld of advanced materials including metallic glasses, - ramics, nano-structural metals, semiconductors, solar cell crystals, new op- andspin-electronicsmaterials,organicmaterials,hydrogenstoragealloys,and shaped crystals. Inthefaceofthecrisisofthedestructionoftheglobalenvironment,the- pletion of world-wide natural resources, and the exhaustion of energy sources in the twenty-?rst century, we all have an acute/serious desire for a b- ter/safer world in the future. IMR has been and will continue the pursuit of research aimed at solving global problems and furthering eco-friendly dev- opment.
Download or read book In Situ Real Time Studies of Complex Oxide Thin Film Growth written by Alexander Heinrich Mueller and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 5276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry, Seven Volume Set summarizes current, fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, bringing readers the latest developments in the field. As the chemical and physical properties and processes at solid and liquid interfaces are the scientific basis of so many technologies which enhance our lives and create new opportunities, its important to highlight how these technologies enable the design and optimization of functional materials for heterogeneous and electro-catalysts in food production, pollution control, energy conversion and storage, medical applications requiring biocompatibility, drug delivery, and more. This book provides an interdisciplinary view that lies at the intersection of these fields. Presents fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, surface science and electrochemistry and provides cutting-edge research from academics and practitioners across various fields and global regions
Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Mohamed Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): From Research to Mass Production, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MBE research and applications in epitaxial growth, along with a detailed discussion and 'how to' on processing molecular or atomic beams that occur on the surface of a heated crystalline substrate in a vacuum. The techniques addressed in the book can be deployed wherever precise thin-film devices with enhanced and unique properties for computing, optics or photonics are required. It includes new semiconductor materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many that are at the advanced research stage. This second edition covers the advances made by MBE, both in research and in the mass production of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Enhancements include new chapters on MBE growth of 2D materials, Si-Ge materials, AIN and GaN materials, and hybrid ferromagnet and semiconductor structures. - Condenses the fundamental science of MBE into a modern reference, speeding up literature review - Discusses new materials, novel applications and new device structures, grounding current commercial applications with modern understanding in industry and research - Includes coverage of MBE as mass production epitaxial technology and how it enhances processing efficiency and throughput for the semiconductor industry and nanostructured semiconductor materials research community
Download or read book Physics of Organic Semiconductors written by Wolfgang Brütting and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of organic electronics has seen a steady growth over the last 15 years. At the same time, our scientific understanding of how to achieve optimum device performance has grown, and this book gives an overview of our present-day knowledge of the physics behind organic semiconductor devices. Based on the very successful first edition, the editors have invited top scientists from the US, Japan, and Europe to include the developments from recent years, covering such fundamental issues as: - growth and characterization of thin films of organic semiconductors, - charge transport and photophysical properties of the materials as well as their electronic structure at interfaces, and - analysis and modeling of devices like organic light-emitting diodes or organic lasers. The result is an overview of the field for both readers with basic knowledge and for an application-oriented audience. It thus bridges the gap between textbook knowledge largely based on crystalline molecular solids and those books focusing more on device applications.
Download or read book Issues in General Physics Research 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 13957 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in General Physics Research / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about General Physics Research. The editors have built Issues in General Physics Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about General Physics Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in General Physics Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Thin Film Growth Techniques for Low Dimensional Structures written by R.F.C. Farrow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work represents the account of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Thin Film Growth Techniques for Low Dimensional Structures", held at the University of Sussex, Brighton, England from 15-19 Sept. 1986. The objective of the workshop was to review the problems of the growth and characterisation of thin semiconductor and metal layers. Recent advances in deposition techniques have made it possible to design new material which is based on ultra-thin layers and this is now posing challenges for scientists, technologists and engineers in the assessment and utilisation of such new material. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has become well established as a method for growing thin single crystal layers of semiconductors. Until recently, MBE was confined to the growth of III-V compounds and alloys, but now it is being used for group IV semiconductors and II-VI compounds. Examples of such work are given in this volume. MBE has one major advantage over other crystal growth techniques in that the structure of the growing layer can be continuously monitored using reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). This technique has offered a rare bonus in that the time dependent intensity variations of RHEED can be used to determine growth rates and alloy composition rather precisely. Indeed, a great deal of new information about the kinetics of crystal growth from the vapour phase is beginning to emerge.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In situ Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials written by Challa S.S.R. Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventh volume of a 40 volume series on nanoscience and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about In-situ Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume an essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.
Download or read book Growth Dynamics of Organic Thin Films written by Sugandha Bhargava and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces written by Helmut Sitter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-19 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with basic aspects of polymer electronics and optoelectronics. There is an enormous world-wide effort both in basic scientific research as well as in industrial development in the area of organic electronics. It is becoming increasingly clear that, if devices based on organic materials are ever going to have a significant relevance beyond being a cheap replacement for inorganic semiconductors, there will be a need to understand interface formation, film growth and functionality. A control of these aspects will allow the realisation of totally new device concepts exploiting the enormous flexibility inherent in organic chemistry. In this book we focus on oligomeric/molecular films as we believe that the control of molecular structures and interfaces provides highly defined systems which allow, on the one hand the study of the basic physics and on the other hand to find the important parameters necessary to improve organic devices.
Download or read book Initial stages of organic semiconductor thin film growth written by Primož Rebernik Ribič and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
