Download or read book Reactions at Solid Surfaces written by Gerhard Ertl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding on the ideas first presented in Gerhard Ertl's acclaimed Baker Lectures at Cornell University, Reactions at Solid Surfaces comprises an authoritative, self-contained, book-length introduction to surface reactions for both professional chemists and students alike. Outlining our present understanding of the fundamental processes underlying reactions at solid surfaces, the book provides the reader with a complete view of how chemistry works at surfaces, and how to understand and probe the dynamics of surface reactions. Comparing traditional surface probes with more modern ones, and bringing together various disciplines in a cohesive manner, Gerhard Ertl's Reactions at Solid Surfaces serves well as a primary text for graduate students in introductory surface science or chemistry, as well as a self-teaching resource for professionals in surface science, chemical engineering, or nanoscience.

Download or read book Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces written by Richard I. Masel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-03-22 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces As with other books in the field, Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces describes what occurs when gases come in contact with various solid surfaces. But, unlike all the others, it also explains why. While the theory of surface reactions is still under active development, the approach Dr. Richard Masel takes in this book is to outline general principles derived from thermodynamics and reaction rate theory that can be applied to reactions on surfaces, and to indicate ways in which these principles may be applied. The book also provides a comprehensive treatment of the latest quantitative surface modeling techniques with numerous examples of their use in the fields of chemical engineering, physical chemistry, and materials science. A valuable working resource and an excellent graduate-level text, Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces provides readers with: * A detailed look at the latest advances in understanding and quantifying reactions on surfaces * In-depth reviews of all crucial background material * 40 solved examples illustrating how the methods apply to catalysis, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electrochemistry, and more * 340 problems and practice exercises * Sample computer programs * Universal plots of many key quantities * Detailed, class-tested derivations to help clarify key results The recent development of quantitative techniques for modeling surface reactions has led to a number of exciting breakthroughs in our understanding of what happens when gases come in contact with solid surfaces. While many books have appeared describing various experimental modeling techniques and the results obtained through their application, until now, there has been no single-volume reference devoted to the fundamental principles governing the processes observed. The first book to focus on governing principles rather than experimental techniques or specific results, Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces provides students and professionals with a quantitative treatment of the application of principles derived from the fields of thermodynamics and reaction rate theory to the investigation of gas adsorption and reaction on solid surfaces. Writing for a broad-based audience including, among others, chemical engineers, chemists, and materials scientists, Dr. Richard I. Masel deftly balances basic background in areas such as statistical mechanics and kinetics with more advanced applications in specialized areas. Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces was also designed to provide readers an opportunity to quickly familiarize themselves with all of the important quantitative surface modeling techniques now in use. To that end, the author has included all of the key equations involved as well as numerous real-world illustrations and solved examples that help to illustrate how the equations can be applied. He has also provided computer programs along with universal plots that make it easy for readers to apply results to their own problems with little computational effort. Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces is a valuable working resource for chemical engineers, physical chemists, and materials scientists, and an excellent text for graduate students in those disciplines.

Download or read book Reactions at Solid Surfaces written by Gerhard Ertl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding on the ideas first presented in Gerhard Ertl's acclaimed Baker Lectures at Cornell University, Reactions at Solid Surfaces comprises an authoritative, self-contained, book-length introduction to surface reactions for both professional chemists and students alike. Outlining our present understanding of the fundamental processes underlying reactions at solid surfaces, the book provides the reader with a complete view of how chemistry works at surfaces, and how to understand and probe the dynamics of surface reactions. Comparing traditional surface probes with more modern ones, and bringing together various disciplines in a cohesive manner, Gerhard Ertl's Reactions at Solid Surfaces serves well as a primary text for graduate students in introductory surface science or chemistry, as well as a self-teaching resource for professionals in surface science, chemical engineering, or nanoscience.

Download or read book Dynamic Chemical Processes on Solid Surfaces written by Ken-ichi Tanaka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author determines that a surface is itself a new material for chemical reaction, and the reaction of the surface provides additional new materials on that surface. The revelation of that peculiarity is what makes this book different from an ordinary textbook, and this new point of view will help to provide a new impetus when graduate students and researchers consider their results. The reaction of surface atoms provides additional new compounds, but these compounds cannot be detached from the surface. Some compounds are passive, but others work as catalysts. One superior feature of the surface is the dynamic cooperation of two or more different functional materials or sites on the same surface. This fact has been well established in the preferential oxidation of CO on platinum supported on a carbon nanotube with Ni-MgO at its terminal end. The Pt and Ni-MgO are perfectly separated, but these two are indispensable for the selective oxidation of CO in H2, where the H2O molecule plays a key role. The reader will understand that the complexity of catalysis is due to the complexity of the dynamic processes on the surface.

Download or read book Elementary Physicochemical Processes on Solid Surfaces written by V.P. Zhdanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-11-30 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: vi industrial process or a class of catalysts forms the basis of other books, with information on: fundamental science of the topic, the use of the pro cess or catalysts, and engineering aspects. Single topics in catalysis are also treated in the series, with books giving the theory of the underlying science, and relating it to catalytic practice. We believe that this approach is giving a collection of volumes that is of value to both academic and industrial workers. The series editors welcome comments on the series and suggestions of topics for future volumes. Martyn Twigg Michael Spencer Billingham and Cardiff Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 1 . . . . . . . . Chapter 1. Vibrational Relaxation of Adsorbed Particles . . . .. . 5 1.1. General Approach to Describing Vibrational Relaxation ..... 5 1.2. Phonon Mechanism of Relaxation .................... 8 1.2.1. Relationship between the Simple Perturbation Theory and the Adiabatic Approximation .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . 9 . 1.2.2. One-Mode Approximation .................. . .. 11 1.2.3. Relaxation Caused by Correlation Potential Proportional to Displacement of Adsorbed Particle from Equilibrium ........................... 12 1.2.4. Relaxation Caused by Correlation Potential Proportional to Displacement of Surface Atom from Equilibrium ........................... 14 1.2.5. Results and Discussion ....................... 15 1.3. Vibrational Relaxation via Interaction with Conduction Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 18 . . . . . . . . . 1.3.1. Dipole Approximation ......... '.' . . . . . . . . .. . . 18 .

Download or read book Fluid Solid Reactions written by H. Y. Sohn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-12 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid-Solid Reactions, Second Edition takes a detailed and thorough look at the scope of fluid-solid reaction systems, focusing on the four phenomena: external mass transfer, pore diffusion, chemical reaction, and adsorption/desorption. This completely revised new edition builds on the classic original edition through the introduction of cutting-edge new theories and applications, including the formulation and application of a new and convenient law that governs fluid-solid reaction kinetics. This book will be of primary interest to practicing engineers engaged in process research, development, and design in the many fields where fluid-solid reactions are critical to workflow and research. Fluid-solid reactions play a major role in the technology of most industrialized nations. These reactions encompass a very broad field, including the extraction of metals from their ores, the combustion of solid fuels, coal gasification, and the incineration of solid refuse. Features 50% new and revised content, arming researchers with the latest developments in the field Details a new unified approach to modeling the rates of fluid-solid reaction systems Authored by one of the world’s foremost experts on fluid-solid reactions and their applications in the field

Download or read book Chemical Kinetics of Solids written by Hermann Schmalzried and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many different chemical processes take place inside solids or at solid surfaces and interfaces. However, their quantitative description sometimes seems difficult to understand. This book by Professor Schmalzried, author of the eminently successful Solid State Reactions; bridges the gap between the 'physical' and 'chemical' approaches to this subject because it is written in a language which both sides understand. For the first time, a comprehensive coverage of the rapidly developing field of Solid State Kinetics is available. The topics covered in this book go far beyond diffusional transport. Homogeneous and heterogeneous solid-state reactions, phase transitions or the influence of external fields are also treated in detail. With this background, the author explains e.g. charge transport mechanisms in ionic conductors, principles of sensor technology, or oxidation processes clearly and comprehensibly. This book is a must for every solid-state chemist and an indispensable tool for academic and industrial readers alike. From reviews: 'a first-rate reference work that a must for any science library' (J. Am Chem. Soc.) 'can be recommended without restrictions ...' (Z. Phys. Chem.)

Download or read book Dynamic Chemical Processes on Solid Surfaces written by Ken-ichi Tanaka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author determines that a surface is itself a new material for chemical reaction, and the reaction of the surface provides additional new materials on that surface. The revelation of that peculiarity is what makes this book different from an ordinary textbook, and this new point of view will help to provide a new impetus when graduate students and researchers consider their results. The reaction of surface atoms provides additional new compounds, but these compounds cannot be detached from the surface. Some compounds are passive, but others work as catalysts. One superior feature of the surface is the dynamic cooperation of two or more different functional materials or sites on the same surface. This fact has been well established in the preferential oxidation of CO on platinum supported on a carbon nanotube with Ni-MgO at its terminal end. The Pt and Ni-MgO are perfectly separated, but these two are indispensable for the selective oxidation of CO in H2, where the H2O molecule plays a key role. The reader will understand that the complexity of catalysis is due to the complexity of the dynamic processes on the surface.

Download or read book Mechanochemistry of Solid Surfaces written by ?mmanuil Markovich Gutman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamental relationships between solid surface chemical reactivity and the stressed state of surface layers; developed mainly by the author. Acceleration of chemical reactions by mechanical action (mechanochemical effect) and near-surface plasticity increase caused by chemical reactions (chemomechanical effect) acting simultaneously; open new possibilities for the control of a wide range of processes from corrosion to new materials engineering.This monograph is a unique work on this subject and will be essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students engaged in studying surface phenomena in materials science; chemistry and chemical engineering; as well as for scientists and engineers in the industries where these phenomena are important.

Download or read book Electro catalysis At Chemically Modified Solid Surfaces written by Simonet Jacques and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents Professor Jacques Simonet's contribution to building new electrode materials and their related catalytic reactions. Research includes synthesis of new alloys of palladium, discovery of new composite electrodes (including gold- and silver-graphene) and the creation of new materials through judicious cathodic or anodic doping. Additionally, studies demonstrate the malleability and reactivity of previously unused precious and semi-precious metals for the creation of 2D and 3D catalytic materials. Studies key to innovative research show how transition metals may reversibly cathodically insert small size electro-active molecules such as CO2 and O2, and be applied to methods of depollution brought by carbon and nitrogen oxides. Written for practical use, Simonet has provided both theory and tools needed for those aiming to recreate and develop his experiments in electrochemical catalysis and surface modifications. This full publication of research gives graduate and post-graduate students of chemistry, electrochemistry and catalysis an in-depth insight into key historical and modern developments in the field.

Download or read book Quantities and Reactions of Solid Surfaces written by Elizabeth P. Carter and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Solid Acids and Bases written by K. Tanabe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-02-02 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarises and reviews the enormous progress made over the past two decades in solid acids and bases, with emphasis on fundamental aspects and chemical principles. In recent years many new kinds of solid acids and bases have been found and synthesized. The surface properties (in particular, acidic and basic properties) and the structures of the new solids have been clarified by newly developed measurement methods using modern instruments and techniques. The characterized solid acids and bases have been applied as catalysts for diversified reactions, many good correlations being obtained between the acid-base properties and the catalytic activities or selectivities. Recently, acid-base bifunctional catalysis on solid surfaces is becoming a more and more important and intriguing field of study. It has been recognized that the acidic and basic properties of catalysts and catalyst supports play an important role in oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation, hydrocracking, etc. The effect of the preparation method and the pretreatment conditions of solid acids and bases on the acidic and basic properties, the nature of acidic and basic sites and the mechanism regarding the generation of acidity and basicity have been elucidated experimentally and theoretically. On the basis of the accumulated knowledge of solid acids and bases, it is now possible to design and develop highly active and selective solid acid and base catalysts for particular reactions. The chemistry of solid acids and bases is now being related to and utilized in numerous areas including adsorbents, sensors, cosmetics, fuel cells, sensitized pressed papers, and others. The information presented in this book will therefore be of interest to a wide-ranging readership.

Download or read book The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces written by D.A. King and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces, Volume 6: Coadsorption, Promoters, and Poisons focuses on the processes, reactions, and approaches involved in coadsorption and the functions of promoters and poisons in synthesis and reactions. The selection first offers information on adsorbate-adsorbate interactions on metal surfaces and interaction between alkali metal adsorbates and adsorbed molecules. Discussions focus on coadsorption of alkali metals and other molecules; model experiments of catalyst promotion; effective medium theory; direct and indirect hybridization effects; and elastic interaction between adsorbates. The publication then ponders on coadsorption of carbon monoxide and hydrogen on metal surfaces and adsorption on bimetallic surfaces. The manuscript examines the chemical properties of alloy single crystal surfaces and promotion in ammonia synthesis. Topics include substrate dependence of nitrogen adsorption and ammonia synthesis; effects of promotion on nitrogen dissociation and ammonia synthesis; and theoretical modeling. The text then elaborates on promotion in the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis, promoters and poisons in the water-gas shift reaction, and strong metal-support interactions. The selection is a recommended reference for physicists and readers interested in coadsorption, promoters, and poisons.

Download or read book Potential Energy Surfaces and Dynamics Calculations written by Donald Truhlar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume is concerned with two of the central questions of chemical dynamics. What do we know about the energies of interaction of atoms and molecules with each other and with solid surfaces? How can such interaction energies be used to understand and make quantitative predictions about dynamical processes like scattering, energy transfer, and chemical reactions? It is becoming clearly recognized that the computer is leading to rapid progress in answering these questions. The computer allows probing dynamical mechanisms in fine detail and often allows us to answer questions that cannot be addressed with current experimental techniques. As we enter the 1980's, not only are more powerful and faster computers being used, but techniques and methods have been honed to a state where exciting and reliable data are being generated on a variety of systems at an unprecedented pace. The present volume presents a collection of work that illustrates the capabilities and some of the successes of this kind of computer-assisted research. In a 1978 Chemical Society Report, Frey and Walsh pointed out that "it is extremely doubtful if a calculated energy of activation for any unimolecular decomposition can replace an experimental deter mination. " However they also recorded that they "believe[d] that some of the elaborate calculations being performed at present do suggest that we may be approaching a time when a choice between reaction mechanisms will be helped by such [computational] work.

Download or read book Beyond the Molecular Frontier written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.

Download or read book Chemical Bonding at Surfaces and Interfaces written by Anders Nilsson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular surface science has made enormous progress in the past 30 years. The development can be characterized by a revolution in fundamental knowledge obtained from simple model systems and by an explosion in the number of experimental techniques. The last 10 years has seen an equally rapid development of quantum mechanical modeling of surface processes using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Chemical Bonding at Surfaces and Interfaces focuses on phenomena and concepts rather than on experimental or theoretical techniques. The aim is to provide the common basis for describing the interaction of atoms and molecules with surfaces and this to be used very broadly in science and technology. The book begins with an overview of structural information on surface adsorbates and discusses the structure of a number of important chemisorption systems. Chapter 2 describes in detail the chemical bond between atoms or molecules and a metal surface in the observed surface structures. A detailed description of experimental information on the dynamics of bond-formation and bond-breaking at surfaces make up Chapter 3. Followed by an in-depth analysis of aspects of heterogeneous catalysis based on the d-band model. In Chapter 5 adsorption and chemistry on the enormously important Si and Ge semiconductor surfaces are covered. In the remaining two Chapters the book moves on from solid-gas interfaces and looks at solid-liquid interface processes. In the final chapter an overview is given of the environmentally important chemical processes occurring on mineral and oxide surfaces in contact with water and electrolytes. Gives examples of how modern theoretical DFT techniques can be used to design heterogeneous catalysts This book suits the rapid introduction of methods and concepts from surface science into a broad range of scientific disciplines where the interaction between a solid and the surrounding gas or liquid phase is an essential component Shows how insight into chemical bonding at surfaces can be applied to a range of scientific problems in heterogeneous catalysis, electrochemistry, environmental science and semiconductor processing Provides both the fundamental perspective and an overview of chemical bonding in terms of structure, electronic structure and dynamics of bond rearrangements at surfaces

Download or read book Gas Solid Reactions written by Julian Szekely and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas-Solid Reactions describes gas-solid reaction systems, focusing on the four phenomena—external mass transfer, pore diffusion, adsorption/desorption, and chemical reaction. This book consists of eight chapters. After the introduction provided in Chapter 1, the basic components of gas-solid reactions are reviewed in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 describes the reactions of individual nonporous solid particles, while Chapter 4 elaborates the reaction of single porous particles. Solid-solid reactions proceeding through gaseous intermediates are considered in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 deals with the experimental approaches to the study of gas-solid reaction systems. How information on single-particle behavior may be used for the design of multiparticle, large-scale assemblies, and packed- and fluidized-bed reaction systems is deliberated in Chapter 7. The last chapter covers the specific gas-solid reaction systems, including some statistical indices indicating the economic importance of the systems and processes it’s based on. This publication is recommended for practicing engineers engaged in process research, development, and design in the many fields where gas-solid reactions are important.