Download or read book Reaction of Formic and Nitric Acids with Savannah River Site Radioactive HLW Sludge in the DWPF Pretreatment Steps written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Site (SRS) will combine borosilicate frit with highly radioactive waste sludge to produce glass waste forms for disposal. A key step in the DWPF will be acidification of the sludge with formic and nitric acids prior to vitrification. The reducing properties of formic acid will be used to reduce mercury (II) oxide and salts to elemental mercury. The mercury will then be steam-stripped, recovered, and purified. Another benefit of acidifying the sludge will be to reduce its viscosity so that a sludge-frit mixture can be pumped to the melter. The sludge viscosity decreases with pH as various sludge components dissolve with increasing acidity.
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Nitric formic Acid Process to Reduce Hydrogen Emissions During Sludge Treatment in the DWPF U written by C. W. Hsu and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Nitric Formic Acid Process to Reduce Hydrogen Emissions During Sludge Treatment in the DWPF written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new Nitric/Formic Acid (N/FA) flowsheet was developed at the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) for use in the Chemical Processing Cell (CPC) of the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). The flowsheet was successfully demonstrated with simulated sludge using a 2 L bench-scale experimental system and a one-fifth scale (4000 L) pilot facility, and with actual radioactive waste using a 0.1 L apparatus in one of the SRTC shielded cells. Overall, the new N/FA flowsheet compared to the original formic add flowsheet reduced the peak H2 generation rate by more than a factor of two and resulted in a more gradual rise in the H2 evolution. Therefore, implementation of the new N/FA flowsheet in the DWPF CPC would result in an increased margin of safety and possibly a reduction in the scope and cost of modifying the DWPF CPC vessel vent system. Also, the new N/FA flowsheet would be compatible with Tank Farm processes and other DWPF flowsheets, and with the implementation of the new Late Wash flowsheet in the DWPF, it would be key to maintaining a proper redox balance of the melter feed.
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports A Bibliography written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Office of Environmental Management's (EM) technical reports bibliography is an annual publication that contains information on scientific and technical reports sponsored by the Office of Environmental Management added to the Energy Science and Technology Database from July 1, 1994 through June 30, 1995. This information is divided into the following categories: Focus Areas, Cross-Cutting Programs, and Support Programs. In addition, a category for general information is included. EM's Office of Science and Technology sponsors this bibliography.
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXII Volume 556 written by David J. Wronkiewicz and published by . This book was released on 1999-11-24 with total page 1370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safe and effective management of nuclear waste provides a broad range of challenges for materials science. Waste processing, waste form and engineered barrier properties, interactions between engineered and geological systems, radiation effects, chemistry and transport of waste species, and long-term predictions of repository performance are just some of the scientific problems facing modern society. This book, the 22nd in a very successful series from MRS, offers an international and inter-disciplinary perspective on the issues, and features developments in both fundamental and applied areas. Topics include: development and characterization of ceramic waste forms; ceramic waste form corrosion; glass waste form processing; glass formulation, properties and structure; glass waste form corrosion; spent nuclear fuel; performance assessment; repository backfill; flow and transport; natural analogues; container corrosion; metal waste form corrosion; radionuclide speciation and solubility; radionuclide sorption; microbial effects; radiation effects; cement waste forms and waste treatment.
Download or read book GLYCOLIC NITRIC ACID FLOWSHEET DEMONSTRATION OF THE DWPF CHEMICAL PROCESS CELL WITH SLUDGE AND SUPERNATE SIMULANTS written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Savannah River Remediation (SRR) is evaluating changes to its current Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) flowsheet to improve processing cycle times. This will enable the facility to support higher canister production while maximizing waste loading. Higher throughput is needed in the Chemical Process Cell (CPC) since the installation of the bubblers into the melter has increased melt rate. Due to the significant maintenance required for the DWPF gas chromatographs (GC) and the potential for production of flammable quantities of hydrogen, reducing or eliminating the amount of formic acid used in the CPC is being developed. Earlier work at Savannah River National Laboratory has shown that replacing formic acid with an 80:20 molar blend of glycolic and formic acids has the potential to remove mercury in the SRAT without any significant catalytic hydrogen generation. This report summarizes the research completed to determine the feasibility of processing without formic acid. In earlier development of the glycolic-formic acid flowsheet, one run (GF8) was completed without formic acid. It is of particular interest that mercury was successfully removed in GF8, no formic acid at 125% stoichiometry. Glycolic acid did not show the ability to reduce mercury to elemental mercury in initial screening studies, which is why previous testing focused on using the formic/glycolic blend. The objective of the testing detailed in this document is to determine the viability of the nitric-glycolic acid flowsheet in processing sludge over a wide compositional range as requested by DWPF. This work was performed under the guidance of Task Technical and Quality Assurance Plan (TT & QAP). The details regarding the simulant preparation and analysis have been documented previously.
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-10 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SPONTANEOUS CATALYTIC WET AIR OXIDATION DURING PRE TREATMENT OF HIGH LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE SLUDGE written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Savannah River Remediation, LLC (SRR) operates the Defense Waste Processing Facility for the U.S. Department of Energy at the Savannah River Site. This facility immobilizes high-level radioactive waste through vitrification following chemical pretreatment. Catalytic destruction of formate and oxalate ions to carbon dioxide has been observed during qualification testing of non-radioactive analog systems. Carbon dioxide production greatly exceeded hydrogen production, indicating the occurrence of a process other than the catalytic decomposition of formic acid. Statistical modeling was used to relate the new reaction chemistry to partial catalytic wet air oxidation of both formate and oxalate ions driven by the low concentrations of palladium, rhodium, and/or ruthenium in the waste. Variations in process conditions led to increases or decreases in the total oxidative destruction, as well as partially shifting the preferred species undergoing destruction from oxalate ion to formate ion.
Download or read book The Processing of Simulated High level Radioactive Waste Sludges Containing Nitrites and Mercury written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reaction of formic acid with simulated alkaline sludge containing mercury and nitrite was studied in an engineering-scale facility. Quantification of offgas production was performed, with the major offgases being CO2 and NO(subscript x). A small amount of CO was also found. The NO(subscript x) was scrubbed in the offgas condenser and formed very acidic solutions of nitrous and nitric acids. These acids dissolved mercury that was stripped from the sludge. However, the overall efficiency of mercury stripping was greater than expected, and the final mercury concentration in the sludge was lower than expected. The NO(subscript x) in the offgas also caused large temperature rises in the offgas system due to the exothermic reaction of NO with O2. This temperature rise had a detrimental effect on the performance of the Formic Acid Vent Condenser, such that redesign is being contemplated. 6 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs.
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design and Operation of High Level Waste Vitrification and Storage Facilities written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report gives an up to date review of high level waste vitrification and storage facilities currently in an advanced stage of implementation.
Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waste Forms Technology and Performance written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-05 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for cleaning up radioactive waste and environmental contamination resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons production and testing. A major focus of this program involves the retrieval, processing, and immobilization of waste into stable, solid waste forms for disposal. Waste Forms Technology and Performance, a report requested by DOE-EM, examines requirements for waste form technology and performance in the cleanup program. The report provides information to DOE-EM to support improvements in methods for processing waste and selecting and fabricating waste forms. Waste Forms Technology and Performance places particular emphasis on processing technologies for high-level radioactive waste, DOE's most expensive and arguably most difficult cleanup challenge. The report's key messages are presented in ten findings and one recommendation.
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Forms for the Future written by Werner Lutze and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1988 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a compilation of important information on the full range of radioactive waste forms that have been developed, or at least suggested, for the incorporation of high-level nuclear waste. Many of the results were published in the ''gray literature'' of final reports of national laboratories or in various, generally less available, proceedings volumes. This is the first publication to draw information on nuclear waste forms for high-level wastes together into a single volume. Although borosilicate glass has become the standard waste form, additional research in this compound is still necessary. With improved technology (particularly processing technologies) and with a more detailed knowledge of repository conditions, glasses and second generation waste forms with improved performance properties can be developed. Sustained research programs on nuclear waste form development will yield results that can only add to public confidence and the final, safe disposal of nuclear waste. The aim of this volume is to provide a 'spring board' for these future research efforts. A detailed presentation is given on the properties and performance of non-crystalline waste forms (borosilicate glass, sintered glass, and lead-iron phosphate glass), and crystalline waste forms (Synroc, tailored ceramics, TiO 2 - ceramic matrix, glass-ceramics and FUETAP concrete). A chapter on Novel Waste Forms reviews a number of methods that warrant further development because of their potential superior performance and unique applications. The final chapter includes a tabulated comparison of important waste form properties and an extended discussion on the corrosion process and radiation damage effects for each waste form. Of particular interest is a performance assessment of nuclear waste borosilicate glass and the crystalline ceramic Synroc. This is the first detailed attempt to compare these two important waste forms on the basis of their materials properties. The discussion emphasizes the difficulties in making such a comparison and details the types of data that are required. Each chapter has been written by an expert and includes a current compilation of waste form properties with an extensive list of references. This volume will provide a stimulus for future research as well as useful reference material for scientists working in the field of nuclear waste disposal and materials science.
