Download or read book Rare Lichens of Oregon written by Ronald L. Exeter and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rare Lichens of Oregon 2016 Includes CD ROM on Back Cover written by and published by . This book was released on 2016* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rare Lichens of Canada written by Trevor Goward and published by Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada = Comité sur le statut des espèces menacées de disparition au Canada. This book was released on 1998 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lichen Response to the Environment and Forest Structure in the Western Cascades of Oregon written by Erin P. Martin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lichens are an important part of the biota in western Oregon forests, where they perform valuable ecological roles and contribute significantly to biodiversity. Lichens in western Oregon are threatened by a number of factors including air pollution and land use practices. If we wish to maintain the persistence of lichens in future landscapes it is critical that we understand the responses of lichen communities and individual lichen species to the environment and forest structure. This dissertation explores factors that are related to differences in lichen community composition and the distributions of individual lichen species in the western Cascades of Oregon, using a large landscape scale data set. I sought to relate major gradients in lichen community composition to environmental factors, and describe differences in lichen communities with respect to forest age (Chapter 2). I found three major gradients in lichen communities at a landscape scale in the western Oregon Cascades. These gradients were related to climate as expressed by elevation and annual temperature, air quality, north-south position, the richness of epiphytic macrolichens, and forest age. I developed a rarity score, which can be used to identify hotspots of rare species diversity at a landscape scale (Chapter 3). I then built descriptive models of this rarity score to identify abiotic and biotic factors associated with the occurrence of rarity hotspots. I found that models of rarity score that used explanatory variables based on lichen community composition performed better than models that used explanatory variables based solely on environmental factors. I narrowed my focus to the level of individual species responses to the environment and forest structure by developing habitat models for 11 lichen species in the western Cascades (Chapter 4). We selected these species because they performed important ecological roles, were rare across the landscape and associated with old growth forests, or because their distributions were poorly understood. These models can be used to increase the efficiency of landscape level surveys for rare species, predict the response of these species to forest management practices, and understand factors associated with the distributions of these lichens.
Download or read book Lichens of California Oregon and the Rocky Mountains written by Edward Tuckerman and published by . This book was released on 1866 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest written by Bruce McCune and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book can be used to identify macrolichens from Oregon and Washington ... Reasonable coverage for lichens of Idaho and Montana, inland to the Continental Divide, can be expected. Almost all macrolichens known from northern California and southern British Columbia are included as well"--P. viii.
Download or read book Rare and Endangered Plants of Oregon written by Don Eastman and published by Beautiful Amer Publishing Company. This book was released on 1990-06-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Associations of the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area written by John A. Christy and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lichen Distribution in Oregon Coastal Dune Communities written by Shirley Mae Leuthner and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distribution of lichens was studied at seven coastal dune sites in Oregon. Lichens were sampled in the dry stable, dry meadow, meadow, rush meadow, marsh, shrub and forest deflation plain communities. Observations were made of the standing water in the marsh community. Quantitative measurements were made of the percent organic matter of the surface soil in the dry stable, dry meadow, meadow and rush meadow communities and of the light intensity in a Pinus contorta forest. In the moss stage of the dry stable community, only the lichens Cladonia alpestris and Cladonia verticillata were found. Peltigera polydactyla and several species of Cladonia were in the meadow and rush meadow communities. No lichens were found in either the dry meadow or marsh communities. Driftwood logs were found in the herbaceous communities. Twenty-one species of lichens were found on the logs, more species than on any other single type of habitat. Parmelia sulcata, crustose and Cladonia spp. were the most common. Six species were recorded only on these logs. In the shrub community, crustose lichens had the highest percent frequency. Lichens were present only on the older branches and stems of the shrubs, with no lichens being found on newer growth. Lichens were studied on one-third meter bands circumscribing tree trunks and on the lower branches of Pinus contorta in a forest community. Transects were taken into the stand from several directions and light readings taken at a tree every ten paces. As light intensity decreased, percent cover of lichens on tree trunks also decreased, Lichens on the branches showed a less pronounced tendency to decrease in proportion to light intensity. Hypogymnia enteromorpha predominated in this community with many crustose lichens also present. Trees and shrubs in a pine-cedar bog, a specialized forest type, were also observed for lichens. Crustose, Hypogymnia enteromorpha and Menegazzia terebrata were the more frequent species with Platismatia herrei being abundant only on Pinus contorta. Sphaerophorus globosus was found only in this environment. Menegazzia terebrata was recorded only once outside the pine-cedar bog forest. This one observation was in a wet shrub area on Salix hookeriana. Both species may require a constantly wet habitat which is not found in the Pinus contorta forest of the deflation plains. Calculating percent organic matter of soil samples from the herbaceous communities not seasonally inundated revealed that generally, areas with more than three percent organic matter had lichens while areas with less than three percent organic matter had no lichens. The dry meadow had loose sand and little organic matter. Since lichens grow slowly, they are unable to establish themselves where the sand is unstable. Most lichens cannot tolerate long periods of inundation. Standing water for up to nine months of the year in the marsh community may explain absence of lichens from this vegetation type.
Download or read book Rare Threatened and Endangered Species of Oregon written by Oregon Biodiversity Information Center Institute for Natural Resources Portland State University and published by . This book was released on 2010-10-29 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Lichens from Oregon written by Vilmos Köfaragó-Gyelnik and published by . This book was released on 1932 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Revision of the Resource Management Plans of the Western Oregon Bureau of Land Management Districts written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lichens of North America written by Irwin M. Brodo and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lichens are a unique form of plant life, the product of a symbiotic association between an alga and a fungus. The beauty and importance of lichens have long been overlooked, despite their abundance and diversity in most parts of North America and elsewhere in the world. This stunning book--the first accessible and authoritative guidebook to lichens of the North American continent--fills the gap, presenting superb color photographs, descriptions, distribution maps, and keys for identifying the most common, conspicuous, or ecologically significant species. The book focuses on 805 foliose, fruticose, and crustose lichens (the latter rarely included in popular guidebooks) and presents information on another 700 species in the keys or notes; special attention is given to species endemic to North America. A comprehensive introduction discusses the biology, structure, uses, and ecological significance of lichens and is illustrated with 90 additional color photos and many line drawings. English names are provided for most species, and the book also includes a glossary that explains technical terms. This visually rich and informative book will open the eyes of nature lovers everywhere to the fascinating world of lichens.
Download or read book Lichens of California Oregon and the Rocky Mountains So Far as Yet Known with an Appendix written by and published by . This book was released on 1866 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis and Prediction of Patterns in Lichen Communities Over the Western Oregon Landscape written by Eric B. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diverse lichen flora of the Pacific Northwest is being impacted by population growth and by forest management practices. Accumulating information about our lichen flora will improve our conservation strategies. This dissertation first collects information to improve our understanding of how lichen communities vary among forests of differing structure, and across the western Oregon landscape. It then proposes a method to predict species occurrence in unsampled sites by utilizing the information on forest characters and environmental gradients at sampled sites. Macrolichen communities sampled in coniferous forests revealed that old-growth stands (>200 yrs old) harbored communities that differed from those in young forests (50-110 yrs old). Even more atypical communities occurred in macrolichen hotspots, which were primarily in riparian zones. Many macrolichen species were associated with these hotspots, including numerous nitrogen-fixing cyanolichens. Macrolichen species associated with old-growth forested plots included the nitrogen-fixing lichen Lobaria oregana and several forage-providing alectorioid lichens. The presence of remnant old trees apparently increased the occurrence of old-growth associates in young stands. The calicioids, a group of microlichens investigated only in the Cascades, had a strong association with old growth forest and remnant trees. Diversity of calicioids may also be increased by legacy structures such as old snags and wolf trees. These structures increase continuity between current and previous stands. Macrolichen communities varied between the Coast and Cascade Mountain Ranges, following climatic gradients, particularly annual precipitation. Successional patterns in macrolichen communities appeared to differ between the mountain ranges. The modeling method proposed for using habitat associations to predict occurrence has several advantages over common modeling methods, such as regression. The method is simple, avoids parametric assumptions, provides easy updating of models as additional sites are sampled, and automatically accounts for interactions among predictor variables. It can be linked with GIS data and software to map estimated probability of occurrence across landscapes. The data on calicioids from the Cascades, supplemented with additional stand inventories, were used to test and demonstrate the modeling method.
Download or read book Lichens of California written by Mason E Hale and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A close look at the mute browns and grays of rocks and trees around us is often rewarded by the striking orange and yellow hues of lichens. This convenient guide, the first ever on California lichens, describes the appearance, habitats, and ranges of over 350 species.
Download or read book Forest Canopies written by Margaret D. Lowman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-09-28 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treetops of the world's forests are where discovery and opportunity abound, however they have been relatively inaccessible until recently. This book represents an authoritative synthesis of data, anecdotes, case studies, observations, and recommendations from researchers and educators who have risked life and limb in their advocacy of the High Frontier. With innovative rope techniques, cranes, walkways, dirigibles, and towers, they finally gained access to the rich biodiversity that lives far above the forest floor and the emerging science of canopy ecology. In this new edition of Forest Canopies, nearly 60 scientists and educators from around the world look at the biodiversity, ecology, evolution, and conservation of forest canopy ecosystems. Comprehensive literature list State-of-the-art results and data sets from current field work Foremost scientists in the field of canopy ecology Expanded collaboration of researchers and international projects User-friendly format with sidebars and case studies Keywords and outlines for each chapter
