Download or read book Rapid Detection Methods for Emerging Pathogens in Drinking Water written by Gulab Pandove and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spectrum of water-borne diseases is expanding and majority of diseases once believed to be conquered are on the rise. A significant number of zoonotic emerging and re-emerging waterborne pathogens like Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas hydrophila and Listeria monocytogenes have been recognized now. Studies have shown that there is no correlation between, occurrence of coliforms, indicator organisms and emerging zoonotic pathogens like Y.enterocolitica, and A.hydrophila in same water sample. So there is need for a re-evalution, replacement of the traditional indicators for better monitoring, assessment and risk management of drinking water. The conventional methods cannot predict the presence of these potentially enteropathogenic microorganisms in drinking water. In response to these limitations a Bacteriological water testing kit (BWTK) and a Multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of emerging pathogens has been developed for regularly monitoring of drinking water quality for appraisal to public health and to take corrective measures regarding health risk when desired.

Download or read book Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â

Download or read book Modern Tools and Methods of Water Treatment for Improving Living Standards written by Alexander Omelchenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-08-19 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing the population of the Earth with safe drinking water is one of the biggest challenges of modern society. In recognition of this problem the United Nations Organization and UNESCO declared 2003 to be the International Year of Freshwater. On November 19-22, 2003, the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on “Modern Tools and Methods of Water Treatment for Improving Living Standards” took place in Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Thirty-one participants from 15 countries including Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Italy, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, UK, Ukraine, USA, and Uzbekistan attended the meeting. They discussed the scientific concepts and practical means for the solution of the complex social, economic and ecological problems associated with water purification, consumption, conservation, and protection. They also established a network of scientists and specialists to foster further collaboration and the exchange of ideas. The location of the ARW was chosen quite deliberately. The city of Dnepropetrovsk is located on the banks of the Dnieper River and it has a population of about 1. 3 million people. As it is one of the largest industrial centers, it shares all the environmental problems, which are found in the modern Ukraine. In 2001, one in seven of the water samples taken from Ukrainian industrial and drinking water supply systems did not meet sanitary-hygienic standards, and one in twelve did not meet microbiological standards.

Download or read book Microbial Waterborne Pathogens written by Thomas E. Cloete and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-08-31 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the developed world, the connection between water, hygiene and health is taken for granted. However, for the less fortunate majority, access to potable water is non-existent and remains a daily struggle. Bacteria, viruses and parasites in contaminated water cause water borne disease. Of concern are the so-called new emerging pathogens, contributing to water borne disease, one of the biggest human tragedies, killing more than 5 million people each year. About 2.3 billion people suffer from diseases linked to contaminated water and some 6,000 people die daily as a result of this. Some 60% of all infant mortality worldwide is linked to water-related infectious and parasitic diseases. Treating water before use can eliminate most of these waterborne pathogens. The essential starting point is knowledge of the disease-causing organisms, the detection techniques, and the epidemiology, which is the focus of this book. Microbial Waterborne Pathogens provides up-to-date coverage of waterborne microbial pathogens including traditional and emerging pathogens and the latest molecular detection techniques. The link between climate and disease is covered in the book and indicates future approaches to dealing with this important area as we face the effects of global climate change All the existing and emerging pathogens including bacteria, viruses and protozoa are reviewed. The characteristics of each organism are discussed in detail as well as their epidemiology. Methods for the detection of these pathogens, traditional and new are presented. Microbial Waterborne Pathogens provides students, academics and practitioners with a complete reference book on the microbiological quality and safety of potable water.

Download or read book Modern Analytical Techniques written by Gunter Zweig and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators, Volume XIV: Modern Analytical Techniques covers an updated treatment of the most frequently used techniques for pesticide analysis, i.e., thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography (packed and capillary columns), high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry. People involved in the analysis of pesticides will find the book useful.

Download or read book Current and Emerging Technologies for Rapid Detection of Pathogens written by Lingwen Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foodborne diseases, caused by pathogenic bacteria, have become an important social issue in the field of food safety. It presents a widespread and growing threat to human health in both developed and developing countries. As such, techniques for the detection of foodborne pathogens and waterborne pathogens are urgently needed to prevent the occurrence of human foodborne infections. Although traditional culture-based bacterial isolation and identification are the "gold standard" methods with high preciseness, their drawbacks in time-consuming are inadequate for rapid detection of pathogen to reduce foodborne disease occurrence. Fortunately, with the development of biotechnologies and nanotechnologies, various kinds of new technologies for rapid detection of pathogens have been developed so far, such as nucleic acid-based methods, antibody-based methods, and aptamer-based assays. In this chapter, we summarized the principles and the application of some recent rapid detection technologies for pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of the established and emerging rapid detection methods are addressed here.

Download or read book Waterborne Pathogens written by Helen Bridle and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waterborne Pathogens: Detection Methods and Applications, Second Edition, gives an overview of advanced and emerging technologies in the detection of a range of waterborne pathogens. In addition, the book presents existing methodologies, highlights where improvements can be made, includes applications, and touches on the ways in which new technologies can be applied in water management. Finally, the book addresses issues of sample preparation (from sampling, to concentration and enrichment), a key stage in any detection protocol. - Gives an overview of advanced emerging technologies in the detection of a range of waterborne pathogens - Ensures the latest research developments, along with other changes in the sector, e.g., regulations and approaches are current - Provides an overview of the existing approaches and key challenges before discussing sample processing and detection - Presents existing methodologies and highlights where improvements can be made

Download or read book Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an increasing population, use of new and diverse chemicals that can enter the water supply, and emergence of new microbial pathogens, the U.S. federal government is faced with a regulatory dilemma: Where should it focus its attention and limited resources to ensure safe drinking water supplies for the future? Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants is based on a 1998 workshop on emerging drinking water contaminants. It includes a dozen papers that were presented on new and emerging microbiological and chemical drinking water contaminants, associated analytical and water treatment methods for their detection and removal, and existing and proposed environmental databases to assist in their proactive identification and regulation. The papers are preceded by a conceptual approach and related recommendations to EPA for the periodic creation of future Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate Lists (CCLsâ€"produced every five yearsâ€"include currently unregulated chemical and microbiological substances that are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems and that may pose health risks).

Download or read book Rapid Screening of Pathogens in Water written by Helene Baribeau and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial contamination of drinking water and waterborne disease outbreaks continue to present a significant concern for the water industry. There is a need for pathogen detection methods that (1) incorporate sensitive detection and identification at the species/strain level, (2) have the ability to process many samples simultaneously, (3) involve minimal risk of false identification, (4) are adaptable, and (5) contain the capacity for some degree of automation. Molecular-based assays in high-throughput multi-well formats meet these requirements. The demonstration of the feasibility of a microplate-based rapid screening assay indicates that the water industry should continue to pursue and fund exploratory research into the development of innovative pathogen detection methods. Such techniques may be used for routine screening of drinking water during outbreak situations, or to investigate episodes of intentional contamination. All of these situations require pathogen detection tools that can generate results, even if the results are only presumptive, in as short a time as possible. The assay may be linked to direct nucleic extraction methods so that all potential pathogens can be screened in a sample, thereby uncoupling the assay from time-consuming and often inefficient conventional microbial recovery methods.

Download or read book Rapid Methods for the Detection of Emerging Pathogens from Foods written by Ghazala Sultana and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biosensing Technologies for the Detection of Pathogens written by Toonika Rinken and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid multiplex detection of pathogens in the environment and in our food is a key factor for the prevention and effective treatment of infectious diseases. Biosensing technologies combining the high selectivity of biomolecular recognition and the sensitivity of modern signal detection platforms are a prospective option for automated analyses. They allow rapid detection of single molecules as well as cellular substances. This book, including 12 chapters from 50 authors, introduces the principles of identification of specific pathogen biomarkers along with different biosensor-based technologies applied for pathogen detection.

Download or read book Waterborne Pathogens written by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waterborne Pathogens: Detection and Treatment delivers the tools and techniques on how to identify these contaminates and apply the most effective technology for their removal and treatment. Written for researchers and practicing professionals, the book starts with a brief, but readable, review of ubiquitous waterborne pathogens (primarily viruses, bacterial and parasitic protozoa). This coverage is followed by an in-depth discussion of the latest detection and treatment technologies, ranging from Biosensors, to Nanoconjugates, Membrane Based Technologies and Nanotechnology Treatment. Engineers and scientist will find this to be a valuable reference on cutting-edge techniques for suppling safe drinking water across the globe. - Explains the latest research on detection, treatment processes and remediation technologies - Includes sampling, analytical and characterization methods and approaches - Covers cutting-edge research, including Membrane Based Technologies, Nanotechnology Treatment Technologies and Bioremediation Treatment Technologies - Provides background information regarding contamination sources

Download or read book Rapid Detection Assays for Food and Water written by Stuart A Clark and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection of harmful chemicals and microbial pathogens in food and water destined for consumers is of paramount importance the world over and it is vital that new techniques and discoveries are widely disseminated. Bringing together international experts in the field, Rapid Detection Assays for Food and Water presents original, state-of-the-art research and a review of the established methods in this key subject area. Covering the four main areas of water microbiology, water chemistry, food microbiology and food chemistry, the book discusses highly sensitive chemical and biological detection systems. There are applications ranging from sample preparation methods to end detection. Subject areas include biosensors, the detection of pesticide residues, GM components, various chemicals and toxins as well as protozoan parasites and viral/bacterial pathogens in a wide range of materials. This book will be welcomed by researchers and professionals in industry, academia and government agencies.

Download or read book Removal of Emerging Waterborne Pathogens written by Gregory W. Harrington and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Management of Legionella in Water Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.

Download or read book Review of Methods for the Rapid Identification of Pathogens in Water Samples written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbiological water contaminants represent an acute health risk in drinking water. There are a wide variety of bacteria and viruses that can potentially be found in drinking water resulting from either an attack or a natural contamination incident. Whatever the origin of the contamination, a rapid identification is needed to ensure water quality and subsequent citizens security. Currently, various detection and identification methods exist, but they are mostly time-consuming and unsuited to emergent harmful microorganisms. New developments are being performed in order to deal with this concern. In this desk study, the main basic technologies to identify pathogens (such as immunological and genetic methods as well as mass spectrometry, microarrays and physical approaches) are reported as well as their applications in the drinking water area. Then, some promising technologies under development are presented, especially integrated tool or new concepts in mass spectrometry. However, bottlenecks still exist such as sample preparation or live and dead pathogens discrimination. Alternatively, different projects founded by the European Commission are briefly reported in this study, as they allow a clear vision of scientific teams and networks working on this concern. Finally, European standards are being established as well as national initiatives that currently remain unofficial.

Download or read book Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology written by Nuzhat Ahmed and published by Horizon Press. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contamination of the environment by herbicides, pesticides, solvents, various industrial byproducts (including toxic metals, radionucleotides and metalloids) is of enormous economic and environmental significance. Biotechnology can be used to develop "green" or environmentally friendly solutions to these problems by harnessing the ability of bacteria to adapt metabolic pathways, or recruit new genes to metabolise harmful compounds into harmless byproducts. In addition to its role in cleaning-up the environment, biotechnology can be used for the production of novel compounds with both agricultural and industrial applications. Internationally acclaimed authors from diverse fields present comprehensive reviews of all aspects of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology. Chapters concerned with environmental biotechnology cover two major categories of pollutants: organic compounds and metals. Organic pollutants include cyclic aromatic compounds, with/without nitrogenous or chloride substitutions while metal pollutants include copper, chromate, silver, arsenic and mercury. The genetic basis of bioremediation and the microbial processes involved are examined, and the current and/or potential applications of bioremediation are discussed. The use of biotechnology for industrial and agricultural applications includes a chapter on the use of enzymes as biocatalysts to synthesize novel opiate derivatives of medical value. The conversion of low-value molasses to higher value products by biotechnological methods and the use tissue culture methods to improve sugar cane and potatoes crop production is discussed.