Download or read book Range and Energy Straggling in Ion Beam Transport written by John W. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A first-order approximation to the range and energy straggling of ion beams is given as a normal distribution for which the standard deviation is estimated from the fluctuations in energy loss events. The standard deviation is calculated by assuming scattering from free electrons with a long range cutoff parameter that depends on the mean excitation energy of the medium. The present formalism is derived by extrapolating Payne's formalism to low energy by systematic energy scaling and to greater depths of penetration by a second-order perturbation. Limited comparisons are made with experimental data.
Download or read book Range and Energy Straggling in Ion Beam Transport written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-16 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A first-order approximation to the range and energy straggling of ion beams is given as a normal distribution for which the standard deviation is estimated from the fluctuations in energy loss events. The standard deviation is calculated by assuming scattering from free electrons with a long range cutoff parameter that depends on the mean excitation energy of the medium. The present formalism is derived by extrapolating Payne's formalism to low energy by systematic energy scaling and to greater depths of penetration by a second-order perturbation. Limited comparisons are made with experimental data. Wilson, John W. and Tai, Hsiang Langley Research Center NASA/TP-2000-209864, NAS 1.60:209864, L-17866
Download or read book The Straggling Green s Function Method for Ion Transport written by Steven Andrew Walker and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proton Therapy Physics written by Harald Paganetti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton Therapy Physics goes beyond current books on proton therapy to provide an in-depth overview of the physics aspects of this radiation therapy modality, eliminating the need to dig through information scattered in the medical physics literature. After tracing the history of proton therapy, the book summarizes the atomic and nuclear physics background necessary for understanding proton interactions with tissue. It describes the physics of proton accelerators, the parameters of clinical proton beams, and the mechanisms to generate a conformal dose distribution in a patient. The text then covers detector systems and measuring techniques for reference dosimetry, outlines basic quality assurance and commissioning guidelines, and gives examples of Monte Carlo simulations in proton therapy. The book moves on to discussions of treatment planning for single- and multiple-field uniform doses, dose calculation concepts and algorithms, and precision and uncertainties for nonmoving and moving targets. It also examines computerized treatment plan optimization, methods for in vivo dose or beam range verification, the safety of patients and operating personnel, and the biological implications of using protons from a physics perspective. The final chapter illustrates the use of risk models for common tissue complications in treatment optimization. Along with exploring quality assurance issues and biological considerations, this practical guide collects the latest clinical studies on the use of protons in treatment planning and radiation monitoring. Suitable for both newcomers in medical physics and more seasoned specialists in radiation oncology, the book helps readers understand the uncertainties and limitations of precisely shaped dose distribution.
Download or read book The Transport of Charged Particle Beams written by Anthony Peter Banford and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Solid Interactions written by Michael Nastasi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-03-29 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive guide to an important materials science technique for students and researchers.
Download or read book Physics of Neutralization of Intense High Energy Ion Beam Pulses by Electrons written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutralization and focusing of intense charged particle beam pulses by electrons forms the basis for a wide range of applications to high energy accelerators and colliders, heavy ion fusion, and astrophysics. For example, for ballistic propagation of intense ion beam pulses, background plasma can be used to effectively neutralize the beam charge and current, so that the self-electric and self- magnetic fields do not affect the ballistic propagation of the beam. From the practical perspective of designing advanced plasma sources for beam neutralization, a robust theory should be able to predict the self-electric and self-magnetic fields during beam propagation through the background plasma. The major scaling relations for the self-electric and self-magnetic fields of intense ion charge bunches propagating through background plasma have been determined taking into account the effects of transients during beam entry into the plasma, the excitation of collective plasma waves, the effects of gas ionization, finite electron temperature, and applied solenoidal and dipole magnetic fields. Accounting for plasma production by gas ionization yields a larger self-magnetic field of the ion beam compared to the case without ionization, and a wake of current density and self-magnetic field perturbations is generated behind the beam pulse. A solenoidal magnetic field can be applied for controlling the beam propagation. Making use of theoretical models and advanced numerical simulations, it is shown that even a small applied magnetic field of about 100G can strongly affect the beam neutralization. It has also been demonstrated that in the presence of an applied magnetic field the ion beam pulse can excite large-amplitude whistler waves, thereby producing a complex structure of self-electric and self-magnetic fields. The presence of an applied solenoidal magnetic field may also cause a strong enhancement of the radial self-electric field of the beam pulse propagating through the background plasma. If controlled, this physical effect can be used for optimized beam transport over long distances.
Download or read book Nonlinear Wave and Plasma Structures in the Auroral and Subauroral Geospace written by Evgeny Mishin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear Wave and Plasma Structures in the Auroral and Subauroral Geospace presents a comprehensive examination of the self-consistent processes leading to multiscale electromagnetic and plasma structures in the magnetosphere and ionosphere near the plasmapause, particularly in the auroral and subauroral geospace. It utilizes simulations and a large number of relevant in situ measurements conducted by the most recent satellite missions, as well as ground-based optical and radar observations to verify the conclusions and analysis. Including several case studies of observations related to prominent geospacer events, the book also provides experimental and numerical results throughout the chapters to further enhance understanding of how the same physical mechanisms produce different phenomena at different regions of the near-Earth space environment. Additionally, the comprehensive description of mechanisms responsible for space weather effects will give readers a broad foundation of wave and particle processes in the near-Earth magnetosphere. As such, Nonlinear Wave and Plasma Structures in the Auroral and Subauroral Geospace Nonlinear Wave and Plasma Structures in the Auroral and Subauroral Geospace is a cutting-edge reference for space physicists looking to better understand plasma physics in geospace. - Presents a unified approach to wave and particle phenomena occurring in the auroral and subauroral geospace - Summarizes the most current theoretical concepts related to the generation of the large-scale electric field near the plasmapause by flows of hot plasma from the reconnection site - Includes case studies of the observations related to the most "famous events during the last 20 years as well as a large number of experimental and numerical results illustrated throughout the text
Download or read book One Dimensional Heavy Ion Beam Transport written by Hamidullah Farhat and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Johns and Cunningham s The Physics of Radiology written by Eva Bezak and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 1384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth edition of this respected book encompasses all the advances and changes that have been made since it was last revised. It not only presents new ideas and information, it shifts its emphases to accurately reflect the inevitably changing perspectives in the field engendered by progress in the understanding of radiological physics. The rapid development of computing technology in the three decades since the publication of the fourth edition has enabled the equally rapid expansion of radiology, radiation oncology, nuclear medicine and radiobiology. The understanding of these clinical disciplines is dependent on an appreciation of the underlying physics. The basic radiation physics of relevance to clinical oncology, radiology and nuclear medicine has undergone little change over the last 70 years, so much of the material in the introductory chapters retains the essential flavour of the fourth edition, updated as required. This book is written to help the practitioners in these fields understand the physical science, as well as to serve as a basic tool for physics students who intend working as medical radiation physicists in these clinical fields. It is the authors’ hope that students and practitioners alike will find the fifth edition of The Physics of Radiology lucid and straightforward.
Download or read book Ion Tracks and Microtechnology written by Reimar Spohr and published by Reimar Spohr. This book was released on 1990 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monte Carlo Transport of Electrons and Photons written by T.M. Jenkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For ten days at the end of September, 1987, a group of about 75 scientists from 21 different countries gathered in a restored monastery on a 750 meter high piece of rock jutting out of the Mediterranean Sea to discuss the simulation of the transport of electrons and photons using Monte Carlo techniques. When we first had the idea for this meeting, Ralph Nelson, who had organized a previous course at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, suggested that Erice would be the ideal place for such a meeting. Nahum, Nelson and Rogers became Co-Directors of the Course, with the help of Alessandro Rindi, the Director of the School of Radiation Damage and Protection, and Professor Antonino Zichichi, Director of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre. The course was an outstanding success, both scientifically and socially, and those at the meeting will carry the marks of having attended, both intellectually and on a personal level where many friendships were made. The scientific content of the course was at a very high caliber, both because of the hard work done by all the lecturers in preparing their lectures (e. g. , complete copies of each lecture were available at the beginning of the course) and because of the high quality of the "students", many of whom were accomplished experts in the field. The outstanding facilities of the Centre contributed greatly to the success. This volume contains the formal record of the course lectures.
Download or read book Ion Beam Applications written by Ishaq Ahmad and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-18 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion beam of various energies is a standard research tool in many areas of science, from basic physics to diverse areas in space science and technology, device fabrications, materials science, environment science, and medical sciences. It is an advance and versatile tool to frequently discover applications across a broad range of disciplines and fields. Moreover, scientists are continuously improving the ion beam sources and accelerators to explore ion beam at the forefront of scientific endeavours. This book provides a glance view on MeV ion beam applications, focused ion beam generation and its applications as well as practical applications of ion implantation.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ion Irradiated Polymers written by Dietmar Fink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented in two parts, this first comprehensive overview addresses all aspects of energetic ion irradiation of polymers. Earlier publications and review articles concentrated on selected topics only. And the need for such a work has grown with the dramatic increase of research and applications, such as in photoresists, waveguides, and medical dosimetry, during the last decade. The first part, Fundamentals of Ion Irradiation of Polymers covers the physical, chemical and instrumental fundamentals; treats the specific irradiation mechanisms of low- and high-energy ions (including similarities and differences); and details the potential for future technological application. All the new findings are carefully analyzed and presented in a systematic way, while open questions are identified.
Download or read book Knowledge Management Certification Board written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intense Electron and Ion Beams written by Sergey Ivanovich Molokovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-11-28 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intense Ion and Electron Beams treats intense charged-particle beams used in vacuum tubes, particle beam technology and experimental installations such as free electron lasers and accelerators. It addresses, among other things, the physics and basic theory of intense charged-particle beams; computation and design of charged-particle guns and focusing systems; multiple-beam charged-particle systems; and experimental methods for investigating intense particle beams. The coverage is carefully balanced between the physics of intense charged-particle beams and the design of optical systems for their formation and focusing. It can be recommended to all scientists studying or applying vacuum electronics and charged-particle beam technology, including students, engineers, and researchers.
Download or read book Intense Electron beam Transport in the Ion focused Regime Through the Collision dominated Regime written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the transport of the 19-MeV, 700-kA, 25-ns Hermes-III electron beam in long gas cells filled with N2 gas spanning six decades in pressure from 103 to (approximately)103 Torr. We show through measurements and theoretical analyses that the beam has two windows of stable transport: a low-pressure window (between (approximately)1 and (approximately)100 mTorr) that is dominated by propagation in the semi-collisionless IFR (ion-focused regime), and a high-pressure window (between (approximately)1 and (approximately)100 Torr) that is dominated by propagation in the resistive CDR (collision-dominated regime). In the CDR, 79"1.5% of the beam energy is transported over 11 m at 20 Torr. In the IFR, we show that intense radiation fields with controllable rise times and pulse widths can be generated on axis at a bremsstrahlung target. In summary, the measurements and analyses presented here provide a quantitative description of the Hermes-III beam transport over six decades in pressure.
