Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy of Passive Films Formed on Metal Surfaces in Corrosive Environments written by R. Heidersbach and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ Raman spectra were obtained of passive films formed on metallic lead surfaces under freely corroding conditions in dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions. The spectra identified the coating formed in HCl solution as PbCl2 and that formed in NaOH solution as PbO. Passive film Composition was the same in solutions containing dissolved oxygen as in deoxygenated solutions but the rate of film growth was much greater in the presence of oxygen. Spectra of the films immersed in solution were virtually identical to those of the same films in air. The experimental program for passive films on lead was successfully completed. Investigations on passive films on iron surfaces were initiated. (Author).
Download or read book Laser Raman and X ray Scattering Studies of Corrosion Films on Metals written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical spectroscopic and X-ray scattering techniques, coupled with electrochemical methods, are among the most useful in probing the structure of corrosion films on metals in-situ in aqueous environments. Laser Raman spectroscopy has been employed for a number of years to investigate composition of surface films on metals like iron, nickel, chromium, and stainless steel. We illustrate our work by presenting some results of studies of composition of passive film on nickel, using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with an electrodeposited silver overlayer. We find that both oxide and hydroxide species are present on the surface of Ni in the passive region. We also demonstrate the utility of specular X-ray reflection in providing complementary information on the physical structure of passivated metal surfaces. Thickness of the corrosion films formed, density of surface layers, and development of surface and interface roughness on Cu electrodes have been quantitatively monitored in-situ as a function of potential for the first time.
Download or read book Electrochemical and In situ Surface enhanced Raman Spectroscopic SERS Study of Passive Films Formed on Low carbon Steel in Highly Alkaline Environments written by Mauricio Mancio and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Equilibrium Diagrams written by Robert Peter Frankenthal and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy SERS to In situ Study of Passive Films on Iron and Steel in Aqueous Solutions written by Jing Gui and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intelligent Coatings for Corrosion Control written by Atul Tiwari and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-10-25 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent Coatings for Corrosion Control covers the most current and comprehensive information on the emerging field of intelligent coatings. The book begins with a fundamental discussion of corrosion and corrosion protection through coatings, setting the stage for deeper discussion of the various types of smart coatings currently in use and in development, outlining their methods of synthesis and characterization, and their applications in a variety of corrosion settings. Further chapters provide insight into the ongoing research, current trends, and technical challenges in this rapidly progressing field. Reviews fundamentals of corrosion and coatings for corrosion control before delving into a discussion of intelligent coatings—useful for researchers and grad students new to the subject Covers the most current developments in intelligent coatings for corrosion control as presented by top researchers in the field Includes many examples of current and potential applications of smart coatings to a variety of corrosion problems
Download or read book Spectroscopic Properties of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds written by Jack Yarwood and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009-04-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopic Properties of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds: Techniques, Materials and Applications provides a unique source of information in an important area of chemistry.
Download or read book Electrochemistry for Corrosion Fundamentals written by Toshiaki Ohtsuka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief is concerned with the fundamentals of corrosion of metallic materials and electrochemistry for better understanding of corrosion phenomena. Corrosion is related to both the environment and material properties, induced by electrochemical reactions at the interface between metallic materials and the environment as in aqueous and gaseous phases. In order to understand corrosion phenomena, knowledge of electrochemistry is thus required, and to investigate the cause of corrosion damage, appropriate electrochemical experiments must be performed. Corrosion scientists should therefore possess knowledge of both electrochemistry and its related experimental techniques. In this book, corrosion phenomena are introduced from the electrochemical aspect. Electrochemical techniques for the study of corrosion are then described with other techniques that can be combined with electrochemistry. Because this brief is characterized as starting with the fundamentals of corrosion and electrochemistry, it is accessible to undergraduate students as well as to graduate students who are beginning corrosion research.
Download or read book In situ Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Investigation of the Surface Films on Alloy 600 and Alloy 690 in Pressurized Water Reactor Primary Water written by Feng Wang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alloy 600 is found to be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) primary water environment. In this study, in-situ Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is used to characterize surface films formed on Alloy 600 and Alloy 690 in PWR PW at 320oC. A simulated PWR PW system is constructed. In addition, a titanium autoclave is designed for high-temperature electrochemical tests. In this study, we have also measured SERS spectra of surface films formed on unalloyed nickel, unalloyed chromium, Ni-5Cr-8Fe, Ni-10Cr-8Fe, Ni-10Cr and Ni-20Cr. The surface films were formed at different potentials, from -0.9V to -0.5V vs SHE. A formation of NiO film is observed on the surface of nickel at -0.65V, which shows a Raman peak at 540 cm-1 due to crystal defects. For pure chromium, Cr2O3 passive film is formed on its surface. The Raman peaks are located at 540 cm-1 and 610 cm-1. The thickness of Cr2O3 passive film is about several nanometers, depending on the growth time in PWR PW. A peak at 610 cm-1 would likely indicate Cr2O3 and the absence of this peak, in conjunction with a peak at 540 cm-1, would indicate NiO. It is found that the surface films on Ni-5Cr-8Fe and Ni-10Cr-8Fe alloys are composed of Cr2O3 and FeCr2O4 spinel. No spinel oxide peak is observed in the SERS spectra for Ni-10Cr and Ni-20Cr binary alloys, and the surface film on both alloys is Cr2O3. An analysis of SERS spectra indicate that, as alloy's chromium concentration increases, the amount of Cr2O3 included in the alloy's surface film would increase. The surface film of Alloy 600 is composed of Cr2O3 inner layer (IL) and FeCr2O4 outer layer (OL). For short-time growth (10 min), the inner Cr2O3 layer is about 2 - 4 nm thick, and the average size of FeCr2O4 crystallites is about 10 nm. The actual film thickness depends on the growth time and aqueous environment. The surface film formed on Alloy 600 in PWR PW has a minor change if the sample is removed from the autoclave and exposed to air. The surface film of Alloy 690 is entirely a single layer of Cr2O3 (~ 2 nm thick). According to Diffusion Path Analysis, the difference on surface films formed on Alloy 600 and Alloy 690 is a consequence of a change in the relative diffusivity of O and Cr. Our in-situ SERS spectra measured for surface films on Alloy 600 and Alloy 690 are different with most of other people's findings. Three aspects have been considered and discussed. The first, there might be a difference between in-situ and ex-situ characterization techniques. The second, the film growth time in PWR PW is significantly different. The third, different autoclaves are used. The recirculating titanium autoclave is used in this study, while stainless steel autoclave is used in most of other studies, which might cause a change of the concentration of cations in the vicinity of metal surface and a precipitation of cations on the surface of oxides. It is found that the exposure time and testing autoclave might be responsible for the discrepancies between this study and the earlier studies. By using in-situ Surface Enhance Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), we have investigated the surface oxides formed on Alloy 600, Alloy 690, Ni-Cr, and Ni-Cr-Fe alloys in PWR primary water at 320oC. Our in-situ SERS spectra results suggest that SCC susceptibility of Ni-based alloys might be correlating with a formation of surface films formed in PWR primary water.
Download or read book Surfaces Inhibition and Passivation written by E. McCafferty and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Localized Corrosion written by Fumio Hine and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shreir s Corrosion written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-02-27 with total page 3652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This four-volume reference work builds upon the success of past editions of Elsevier’s Corrosion title (by Shreir, Jarman, and Burstein), covering the range of innovations and applications that have emerged in the years since its publication. Developed in partnership with experts from the Corrosion and Protection Centre at the University of Manchester, Shreir’s Corrosion meets the research and productivity needs of engineers, consultants, and researchers alike. Incorporates coverage of all aspects of the corrosion phenomenon, from the science behind corrosion of metallic and non-metallic materials in liquids and gases to the management of corrosion in specific industries and applications Features cutting-edge topics such as medical applications, metal matrix composites, and corrosion modeling Covers the benefits and limitations of techniques from scanning probes to electrochemical noise and impedance spectroscopy
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Postdoctoral Research Associateships written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Raman Spectroscopy in Studies of Corrosion and Electrocatalysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser Raman Spectroscopy (LRS) has become an important tool for the in-situ structural study of electrochemical systems and processes in recent years. Following a brief introduction of the experimental techniques involved in applying LRS to electrochemical systems, we survey the literature for examples of studies in the inhibition of electrode reactions by surface films (e.g., corrosion and passivation phenomena) as well as the acceleration of reactions by electro-sorbates (electrocatalysis). We deal mostly with both normal and resonance Raman effects on fairly thick surface films in contrast to surface-enhanced Raman investigations of monolayer adsorbates, which is covered in another lecture. Laser Raman spectroelectrochemical studies of corrosion and film formation on such metals as Pb, Ag, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Au, stainless steel, etc. in various solution conditions are discussed. Further extension of the technique to studies in high-temperature and high-pressure aqueous environments is demonstrated. Results of studies of the structure of corrosion inhibitors are also presented. As applications of the LRS technique in the area of electrocatalysis, we cite studies of the structure of transition metal macrocyclic compounds, i.e., phthalocyanines and porphyrins, used for catalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction. 104 refs., 20 figs.
