Download or read book X Ray Diffraction written by A. Guinier and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploration of fundamentals of x-ray diffraction theory using Fourier transforms applies general results to various atomic structures, amorphous bodies, crystals, and imperfect crystals. 154 illustrations. 1963 edition.

Download or read book X Ray Optics The Diffraction of X Rays by Finite and Imperfect Crystals written by A.J.C. Wilson and published by Detzer Press. This book was released on 2011-06 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating text contains a detailed treatise on the use of X-Ray optics in the taxonomy of minerals and gem stones. An interesting and informative book on the subject, X-Ray Optics - The Diffraction of X-Rays by Finite and Imperfect Crystals is a must-have for anyone with an interest the study of crystals and constitutes a great addition to any gemmological collection. Arthur James Cochran Wilson (28 November 1914 - 1 July 1995) was a Canadian crystallographer, most famous for his contributions to X-ray crystallography and elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1963. This book has been elected for republication now due to its immense educational value, and is proudly republished here complete with a new introduction to the subject.

Download or read book X ray Optics written by Arthur James Cochran Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book X Ray Diffraction Procedures written by Harold P. Klug and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1974-05-28 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elementary crystallography. The production and properties of X-rays. Fundamental principles of X-ray diffraction. Photographic powder techniques. Diffractometric powder technique. The interpretation of powder diffraction data. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of crystalline powders. The precision determination of lattice constants. Crystallite size and lattice strains from line broadening. Investigation of preferred orientation and texture. Stress measurements in metals. Radial-distribution studies of noncrystalline materials. Layout for a diffraction laboratory. The handling and processing of X-ray film. Miscellaneous constants and numerical data. International atomic weights. Mass absorption coefficients u/p of the elements (Z=1 to 83) for a selection of wavelenghts. Quadratic forms for the cubic system. Atomic and ionic scattering factors. Lorentz and polarization factors. Temperature factor table. Warren's powder pattern power theorem.

Download or read book Theory of X ray Diffraction in Crystals written by William Houlder Zachariasen and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book X Ray Diffraction Crystallography written by Yoshio Waseda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray diffraction crystallography for powder samples is a well-established and widely used method. It is applied to materials characterization to reveal the atomic scale structure of various substances in a variety of states. The book deals with fundamental properties of X-rays, geometry analysis of crystals, X-ray scattering and diffraction in polycrystalline samples and its application to the determination of the crystal structure. The reciprocal lattice and integrated diffraction intensity from crystals and symmetry analysis of crystals are explained. To learn the method of X-ray diffraction crystallography well and to be able to cope with the given subject, a certain number of exercises is presented in the book to calculate specific values for typical examples. This is particularly important for beginners in X-ray diffraction crystallography. One aim of this book is to offer guidance to solving the problems of 90 typical substances. For further convenience, 100 supplementary exercises are also provided with solutions. Some essential points with basic equations are summarized in each chapter, together with some relevant physical constants and the atomic scattering factors of the elements.

Download or read book Early Papers on Diffraction of X rays by Crystals written by J.M. Bijvoet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Preface to Early Papers on Diffraction of X-rays by Crystals Volume I (containing Chapters I-V and published in 1969), the history and planning of the complete book were outlined. The publication in two separate and consecutive volumes was merely a matter of management; the compilation of both volumes was done at the same time. There is a distinct difference in subject-matter between both volumes: Volume I contains the fundamentals of the theory, while Volume II treats the practical development of the 'trial' -method and the genesis and first applications of the Fourier method. In the period covered by Early Papers (1912-1935), the trial method leads to the successful conquest of structures with up to a hundred parameters. We conclude the book with Patterson's discovery (1934) of the p2-series as described in his second, more detailed and extended paper of 1935. With this method the apparatus was completed which led to the present undreamt-of successes of the Fourier method in the field of organic chemistry. We have considered the inclusion of Robertson's famous synthesis of the structure of phtalocyanine (1936). However, we decided that its proper place would be at the beginning of a book which, no doubt, will appear one day, describing this later period. Considerations of space caused us to give up the chapter on Texture planned at first.

Download or read book X Ray Diffraction Procedures For Polycrystalline and Amorphous Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early Days of X ray Crystallography written by André Authier and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-08-02 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2012 marked the centenary of one of the most significant discoveries of the early twentieth century, the discovery of X-ray diffraction (March 1912, by Laue, Friedrich and Knipping) and of Bragg's law (November 1912). The discovery of X-ray diffraction confirmed the wave nature of X-rays and the space-lattice hypothesis. It had two major consequences: the analysis of the structure of atoms, and the determination of the atomic structure of materials. This had a momentous impact in chemistry, physics, mineralogy, material science, biology and X-ray spectroscopy. The book relates the discovery itself, the early days of X-ray crystallography, and the way the news of the discovery spread round the world. It explains how the first crystal structures were determined by William Bragg and his son Lawrence, and recounts which were the early applications of X-ray crystallography in chemistry, mineralogy, materials science, physics, biological sciences and X-ray spectroscopy. It also tells how the concept of space lattice developed since ancient times up to the nineteenth century, and how our conception of the nature of light has changed over time. The contributions of the main actors of the story, prior to the discovery, at the time of the discovery and immediately afterwards, are described through their writings and are put into the context of the time, accompanied by brief biographical details. This thoroughly researched account on the multiple faces of a scientific specialty, X-ray crystallography, is aimed both at the scientists, who rarely subject the historical material of past discoveries in their field to particular scrutiny with regard to the historical details and at the historians of science who often lack the required expert knowledge to scrutinize the involved technical content in sufficient depth (M. Eckert - Metascience).

Download or read book X Ray and Neutron Diffraction in Nonideal Crystals written by Mikhail A. Krivoglaz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mikhail Alexandrovich Krivoglaz died unexpectedly when he was preparing the English edition of his two-volume monograph on diffraction and diffuse scatter ing of X-rays and neutrons in imperfect crystals. His death was a heavy blow to all who knew him, who had worked with him and to the world science community as a whole. The application of the diffraction techniques for the study of imperfections of crystal structures was the major field of Krivoglaz' work throughout his career in science. He started working in the field in the mid-fifties and since then made fundamental contributions to the theory of real crystals. His results have largely determined the current level of knowledge in this field for more than thirty years. Until the very last days of his life, Krivoglaz continued active studies in the physics of diffraction effects in real crystals. His interest in the theory aided in the explanation of the rapidly advancing experimental studies. The milestones marking important stages of his work were the first mono graph on the theory of X-ray and neutron scattering in real crystals which was published in Russian in 1967 (a revised English edition in 1969), and the two volume monograph published in Russian in 1983-84 (this edition is the revised translation of the latter).

Download or read book Dynamical Theory of X ray Diffraction written by André Authier and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Download or read book Fifty Years of X ray Diffraction written by Paul Peter Ewald and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modern X Ray Analysis on Single Crystals written by Peter Luger and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent book for professional crystallographers! In 2012 the crystallographic community celebrated 100 years of X-ray diffraction in honour of the pioneering experiment in 1912 by Max von Laue, Friedrich and Knipping. Experimental developments e.g. brilliant X-ray sources, area detection, and developments in computer hardware and software have led to increasing applications in X-ray analysis. This completely revised edition is a guide for practical work in X-ray analysis. An introduction to basic crystallography moves quickly to a practical and experimental treatment of structure analysis. Emphasis is placed on understanding results and avoiding pitfalls. Essential reading for researchers from the student to the professional level interested in understanding the structure of molecules.

Download or read book X ray Diffraction Methods written by E. W. Nuffield and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Introduction 1; 2. The nature and generation of X-rays 29; 3. The diffraction of X-rays 46; 4. Systematically absent X-ray reflections and the determination of space group 87; 5. Polycrystal or powder methods 105; 6. Orientation and projection of morphological crystals 208; 7. The Laue method 226; 8. The reciprocal lattice 239; 9. The Buerger precession method 253; 10. The rotation and oscillation methods 283; 11. The equi-inclination Weissenberg method 302; 12. Single-crystal X-ray diffractometry 343; 13. A general method for orienting a crystal 351; Appendix : 1. The 230 space groups 365; 2. The six permutation of the orthorhombic space groups 370; 3. Space-group determinative tables 372; 4. Table of 1/2 (cos2 phi/sin phi + cos2 phi/phi) 385; 5. Data for constructing stereographic scales 388; 6. Mathematical relations between reciprocal- and direct-lattice constants 391; Index 405.

Download or read book Dynamical Scattering of X Rays in Crystals written by Z.G. Pinsker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Historical Survey) The discovery of X-ray diffraction in crystals by LAUE, FRIDRICH and KNIPPING in 1912 [1.1] served as the starting pOint for the development of scientific research along a number of important lines. We shall discuss just a few of them. The above discovery convincingly demonstrated the wave properties of X-rays. This, together with the previously established electromagnetic nature of radiation, confirmed the hypothesis that X-rays form the short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Further, this discovery was the first and decisive experimental proof of the periodic structure of crystals. In fact, theoretical crystallography had already arrived at this conclusion, mainly as an outcome of the theory of the space groups of symmetry elaborated by FEDOROV [1.2] and SCHOENFLIES [1.3]. From the optics of visible light we know that the radiation of a wave length of the same order as, and preferably less than, the period of a grat ing suffers diffraction on periodic objects of the type of optical grating. Thus, the discovery proved that the wavelength of an X-ray must be of the order of interatomic distances. It became clear why the visible light of wavelengths exceeding the crystal lattice periods by about 500 to 1000 times failed to reveal the periodic structure of crystals in diffraction experi ments.

Download or read book Principles of X ray Crystallography written by Li-ling Ooi and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With an understanding of three-dimensional structure being so central to the understanding of molecular function, Principles of X-ray Crystallography is the perfect guide for anyone needing to gain a working insight into X-ray crystallography." --Book Jacket.

Download or read book Theory of X ray Diffraction in Crystals written by William Houlder Zachariasen and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: