Download or read book Trends in Private Investment in Developing Countries written by Lawrence Bouton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This discussion paper examines in its first part, the role of private investment in economic growth. While theoretical growth models developed in the economics literature, make no distinction between private, and public components of investment, there is an emerging appreciation that private investment is more efficient, and productive tan public investment. Results from the recent empirical literature, updated here with the recent data on private investment, suggest that private investment has a stronger association with long run economic growth than public investment. The second part shows trends in private, and public fixed investment in fifty developing countries. On average, the ratio of private investment to GDP continued its upward trend, reaching record levels in 1998, the most recent year for which comparable data exist. That year, average private investment reached 14.3 percent of GDP, but public investment, fell to only 7.0 percent of GDP, its lowest level since 1974.

Download or read book Radical Reform in the Automotive Industry written by Peter O'Brien and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1994 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFC Discussion Paper 21. Much research has been conducted on the automotive industry in industrial nations, which formerly accounted for nearly all auto production worldwide. Little attention has been given to growth of the industry in the emerging markets of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America. In 1993 these economies accounted for approximately 19 percent of global vehicle output, with vehicle sales growing by at least 30 percent annually. This paper focuses on the automotive industry in developing countries and reviews the main points of the roundtable discussions organized by the IFC in Brazil, Hungary, India, and Indonesia. The discussions cover business aspects of the industry, as well as related government policies. The study also makes far-reaching suggestions. For example, component manufacturing can thrive and help generate foreign exchange, whereas car assembly may not succeed. The authors identify the major changes that have occurred since the roundtable discussions and identify the implications for developing countries. This volume is useful for private entrepreneurs considering automotive investments and for policymakers working with unresolved policy agendas.

Download or read book Radical Reform of the Civil Service written by Stephen E. Condrey and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the globe, governments are ending civil service as we know it. This volume presents the newest research that explores efforts to replace civil service systems with more flexible, non-tenured systems. Featuring both original and previously published essays by many of the leading practitioners and professors in the field of public administration, Radical Reform of the Civil Service asks big questions. Is radical reform of public bureaucracy needed? What is the scope of these reforms? What are the dangers of reform and why is it happening now? The essays in this book should be read by anyone interested in the future of public management.

Download or read book Radical Reform written by Tariq Ramadan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-05 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new book, Tariq Ramadan argues that it is crucial to find theoretical and practical solutions that will enable Western Muslims to remain faithful to Islamic ethics while fully living within their societies and their time. He notes that Muslim scholars often refer to the notion of ijtihad (critical and renewed reading of the foundational texts) as the only way for Muslims to take up these modern challenges. But, Ramadan argues, in practice such readings have effectively reached the limits of their ability to serve the faithful in the West as well as the East. In this book he sets forward a radical new concept of ijtihad, which puts context -- including the knowledge derived from the hard and human sciences, cultures and their geographic and historical contingencies -- on an equal footing with the scriptures as a source of Islamic law.

Download or read book Leapfrogging written by Robert R. Miller and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IT and the Internet have been seen as a way to enable developing countries to leapfrog over the development path and increase their rate of growth. This paper reviews the situation in India, where the government has strongly encouraged the development of information technology. Although the software sector has become a large and growing export industry there are still the general problems of poor infrastructure and low public investment alongside regulations and controls that can stifle growth. These factors will limit any leapfrogging as economic growth depends on complementary and complicated interactions.

Download or read book Time to Rethink Privatization in Transition Economies written by John R. Nellis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFC Discussion Paper No. 38.QUOTEIt is now universally acknowledged that ownership matters; that private ownership in and of itself is a major determinant of good performance in firms... Decent economic policy and well-functioning legal and administrative institutions... matter greatly as well.QUOTEThis paper looks at what happens when the shift to private ownership gets far out in front of the effort to build the institutional underpinnings of a capitalist economy. The emphasis is on what went wrong and why and what, if anything, can be done to be correct it. Proposals include renationalization and/or postponement of further privatization, both to be accompanied by measures to strengthen the managerial capacities of the state. Neither approach seems likely to produce short-term improvements. The regrettable fact is that governments that botch privatization are equally likely to botch the management of state-owned firms. In a number of Central European transition countries, privatization is living up to expectations; and there is no need for such measures. For institutionally-weak countries, the less dramatic but reasonable short-term course of action is to push ahead more slowly with case- by-case and tender privatization in cooperation with the international assistance community in hopes of producing some success stories that will lead by example.

Download or read book An Introduction to the Microstructure of Emerging Markets written by Jack D. Glen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFC Discusssion Paper No. 24. Investors' interest in emerging markets has grown significantly in recent years because of potential high returns and the benefits of diversification. Despite this increased activity, there remains little information o

Download or read book Trade and Structural Adjustment Embracing Globalisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2005-09-21 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade and Structural Adjustment: Embracing Globalisation identifies the requirements for successful reallocation of labour and capital to more efficient uses in response to the emergence of new sources of competition, technological change and shifting consumer preferences.

Download or read book A Market oriented Strategy for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises written by Kristin Hallberg and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the economic rationale for intervention in support of small and medium scale enterprises, on both theoretical and empirical grounds. It argues that the justification for SME interventions lies in market and institutional failures that bias the size distribution of firms, rather than on any inherent economic benefits provided by small firms. The role of the state is mainly to provide an enabling business environment that opens access to markets and reduces policy-induced biases against small firms. Governments can accelerate the development of markets for financial and non-financial services suited to SMEs by promoting innovation in products and delivery mechanisms, and by building institutional capacity. Improving the development impact of SME strategies will require much more attention to the monitoring and evaluation of intervention outcomes.

Download or read book The Competitive Advantage of Nations The Case of Turkey written by Özlem Öz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume applies Professor Michael Porter’s diamond framework (1990) to the Turkish glass, construction, leather clothes, automobile and flat steel industries. Özlam Öz aims primarily to contribute towards an improvement of this framework, and thus towards a better understanding of the sources of competitive advantage. Her research presents a new approach to evaluate the competitiveness of the Turkish economy, given that alternative studies usually focus on factors like exchange rates and the cost of labour and raw materials as the determinants of competitive advantage. The author begins her book by providing an evaluation of the diamond framework linked to the debate created by the publication of The Competitive Advantage of Nations. She then identifies the pattern of advantage in Turkey by specifying the internationally competitive industries and clusters. This is followed by a detailed examination of the five Turkish industry case studies - glass, construction, leather clothes, automobile and flat steel industries. The findings are generally supportive of Porter. The results suggest, however, several major areas in the framework - especially domestic rivalry and the role of government - where one or more of the Turkish cases question Porter's hypothesises. The book ends with the implications of the study for the sources of competitive advantage in general and for the Turkish economy in particular. Porter and his diamond framework are both unquestionably influential. Improvements upon it forwarded in this book will be of use to academic readers as well as strategic planners and policy makers.

Download or read book Sustainable Transport written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication elaborates on how the specific characteristics of the different transport subsectors affect the potential for expanding the role of competitive markets. It defines the principal challenges currently faced by the transport sector as a whole as: (i) the completion of basic infrastructure networks and (ii) the provision of adequate maintenance for them. Future challenges may include: (i) increasing responsiveness to customer needs, (ii) adjusting to global trade patterns, and (iii) coping with rapid motorization. These challenges highlight the need to reform institutional and transport policy in order to support a better quality of life on a sustained basis. This book identifies some generally applicable principles and best practices as the foundation of a policy for more sustainable transport. Economic and financial sustainability requires that resources be used efficiently and that assets be maintained properly. Environmental and ecological sustainability requires that the external effects of transport be taken into account fully when public or private decisions are made that determine future development. Social sustainability requires that the benefits of improved transport reach all sections of the community. It is necessary to redefine the role of governments in the transport sector--the focus in transport policy must shift toward a market-based approach with the private sector taking on more of the responsibility for providing, operating, and financing transport services and infrastructure. The role of the government would therefore decline, but its importance as the enabler of competition and the custodian of environmental and social interests would increase. The World Bank Group's role will be to focus on institutional and policy reform; it can help governments fulfill their enabling and supervisory role in a freer transport market through more selective and focused technical assistance for building the capacity and skills needed by the public sector." -- Website.

Download or read book The British Motor Industry 1945 94 written by Timothy Whisler and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1999-05-06 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating and well-researched look at the British motor industry which will appeal to both academic readers and practitioners alike. Why are there now no major car manufacturers in Britain? Whisler considers this and the surrounding issues, making valuable comparisons with overseas manufacturers operating both in the UK and abroad, which provide us with additional interest and insight. Based upon careful use of company archives, this book covers in particular the issues of product development, quality, design, and range, ensuring that The British Motor Industry is destined to make a distinctive contribution to our understanding of the performance of UK manufacturers.

Download or read book Industrial Clusters in Asia written by A. Kuchiki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-10-19 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on East Asia, which has been attracting FDI and a centre of industrial agglomeration, and because of this, the production structure in the world has been dynamically transforming. This book analyzes this world trend and provides a framework for strategy that is required not only for Japanese local governments to implement industrial cluster policy, but also for firms to survive the global competition.

Download or read book Radical Reforms written by Christopher Chapman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-12-09 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book draws on the lessons from one of the most intensive periods of educational reform in any country during recent times. The post-1997 English experience, under a New Labour government, is used to illustrate the opportunities and challenges associated with attempting to develop a world class education system. Such reforms are fiercely contested - and often polarized - with proponents stressing the opportunities created, while others reveal the erosion of professional values. Contributions from UK and overseas researchers, including Andy Hargreaves and John Smyth, reflect on the implications for those concerned with developing education systems across the globe. Focusing on the challenges of radical reform in key areas - including variation in educational achievement; accountability and standards; linking school and community policies; workforce reform and choice and diversity - the book includes chapters on: Accountability for School Improvement Workforce-modelling and Distributed Leadership Multi-agency Work and Children’s Services The Education and Poverty Link Personalised Learning Initial Teacher Education Drawing on the framework developed by New Labour to assess the approaches to and outcomes of interventions and the extent to which policies can deliver promised transformations - but going much deeper and wider than this - the authors present a critical account of reform by studying examples of policies, and conceptualizing the interplay between policy, practice and research. With contributions from leading international commentators, this book will be of interest to researchers in education, education policy and school leadership.

Download or read book Teamwork in the Automobile Industry written by Juan José Castillod and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As one of the first sectors affected by the current phase of crisis in capital accumulation, the automobile industry has had much to learn and now has much to teach. A recognition of the great diversity of forms of adaptation introduced to face the uncertainties of the market, lead to the formation of GERPISA and its international programme of research on the emergence of new industrial models. This book, a product of that research, is a valuable and timely insight into the innovations and adjustments of some of the major vehicular manufacturers and through them into the future of industry as a whole.

Download or read book Debt Or Equity written by Jack D. Glen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFC Discussion Paper No. 22. Corporate finance in emerging market countries is changing dramatically as the recent liberalizations revitalize stagnant domestic capital markets and permit increased access to overseas markets. With this trend evi

Download or read book Industrial Technology Development in Malaysia written by Greg Felker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, and its companion, Technology, Competitiveness and the State, examine and evaluate Malaysian industrialization in terms of its experience of and prospects for industrial technology development. The focus is on the development of Malaysia's technological-industrial base from a sector and firm-specific perspective, including the role of foreign multinationals in this process. Industrial Technology Development in Malaysia, provides a valuable analysis of the technological development of a Newly Industrializing Country and reflects on whether existing development strategies can be maintained in the wake of the financial crises sweeping the East Asian economies.