Download or read book Neutron Imaging and Applications written by Ian S. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Imaging and Applications offers an introduction to the basics of neutron beam production in addition to the wide scope of techniques that enhance imaging application capabilities. An instructional overview of neutron sources, detectors, optics and spin-filters allows readers to delve more deeply into the discussions of radiography, tomography and prospective applications available in neutron holography techniques. A section devoted to current applications describes imaging single grains in polycrystalline materials, neutron imaging of geological materials and other materials science and engineering areas. Coverage of thermal neutron imaging of biological tissues, plant physiology, Homeland Security and contraband detection explore the future prospects of this cutting-edge research. Written by key experts in the field, researchers and engineers involved with imaging technologies will find Neutron Imaging and Applications a valuable reference.
Download or read book Radiation Scattering in Neutron Imaging written by Jennifer Lee Uhle and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook on Radiation Probing Gauging Imaging and Analysis written by E.M. Hussein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-05 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for this book arose from my teaching, engineering, and - search experience in the non-power aspects of nuclear technology. The lack of a comprehensive textbook in industrial applications of radiation frustrated my students, who had to resort to a multitude of textbooks and research publications to familiarize themselves with the fundam- tal and practical aspects of radiation technology. As an engineer, I had to acquire the design aspects of radiation devices by trial-and-error, and often by accidental reading of a precious publication. As a researcher and a supervisor of graduate students, I found that the needed literature was either hard to find, or too scattered and diverse. More than once, I discovered that what appeared to be an exciting new idea was an old concept that was tried a few decades earlier during the golden era of “Atom for Peace”. I am hoping, therefore, that this book will serve as a single comprehensive reference source in a growing field that I expect will continue to expand. This book is directed to both neophytes and experts, and is written to combine the old and the new, the basic and the advanced, the simple and the complex. It is anticipated that this book will be of help in - viving older concepts, improving and expanding existing techniques and promoting the development of new ones.
Download or read book Mathematics and Physics of Neutron Radiography written by A.A. Harms and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron radiography has in recent years emerged as a useful and complementary technology for radiation diagnosis. It is now routinely used in industrial quality assurance and in support of selected research and developmental activities. Conferences are held on the subject, pertinent handbooks exist, and technical papers appear regularly reporting on new developments. While neutron radiography has indeed passed through the transition from a scientific curiosity to technological relevance, it is a sign of its continuing dynamic evolution that little material has appeared which provides an integrated mathematical and physical analysis of the subject possessing both an instructional as well as reference function. It is our hope that this monograph will fill this need. The distinctiveness of neutron radiography rests on the unique interactions between neutrons and nuclei. This leads to some special relationships between the material and geometrical properties of an object and the neutron radiographic image. The evolution of a technical discipline demands that specific conceptual constructs be developed and their mathematical representations examined and compared with controlled experiments. Experience has convinced us that a particular and substantial body of knowledge has accumulated endowing neutron radiography with the essential foundations of a unique mathematical and physical science. Our scientific and professional involvement in neutron radiography began some 15 years ago when the senior author (A.A.H.) found himself with convenient access to the McMaster University Nuclear Reactor and research support from the Government of Canada.
Download or read book Neutron Radiography written by Garbe,U. and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron radiography represents a powerful non-destructive testing technique that is still very much in development. The book reveals the amazing diversity of scientific and industrial applications of this technique, the advancements of the state-of-art neutron facilities, the latest method developments, and the expected future of neutron imaging.
Download or read book Handbook on Radiation Probing Gauging Imaging and Analysis written by E.M. Hussein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-09 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for this book arose from my teaching, engineering, and - search experience in the non-power aspects of nuclear technology. The lack of a comprehensive textbook in industrial applications of radiation frustrated my students, who had to resort to a multitude of textbooks and research publications to familiarize themselves with the fundam- tal and practical aspects of radiation technology. As an engineer, I had to acquire the design aspects of radiation devices by trial-and-error, and often by accidental reading of a precious publication. As a researcher and a supervisor of graduate students, I found that the needed literature was either hard to find, or too scattered and diverse. More than once, I discovered that what appeared to be an exciting new idea was an old concept that was tried a few decades earlier during the golden era of “Atom for Peace”. I am hoping, therefore, that this book will serve as a single comprehensive reference source in a growing field that I expect will continue to expand. This book is directed to both neophytes and experts, and is written to combine the old and the new, the basic and the advanced, the simple and the complex. It is anticipated that this book will be of help in - viving older concepts, improving and expanding existing techniques and promoting the development of new ones.
Download or read book Practical Applications of Neutron Radiography and Gaging written by Symposium on Practical Applications of Neutron Radiography and Gaging and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1976 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Small Angle X Ray and Neutron Scattering with Applications to Geomaterials written by Yixin Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering with Applications to Geomaterials provides techniques for the analysis of geomaterials, which is of great significance for humans because geomaterials are related to earthquake, resource development, underground spaces, carbon dioxide storage, and more. The book introduces the fundamental theory of small angle X-ray and neutron scattering and covers pore accessibility characterization for natural rocks from four aspects, including quantitative evaluation of pore structure heterogeneity and anisotropy, quantification of pore modification in coals due to pulverization, estimation and modeling of coal pore accessibility, and nanoscale coal deformation and alteration of porosity and pore orientation under uniaxial compression. Finally, interactions between pore structures and fluid behaviors in geomaterials are introduced, along with the connections between small-angle scattering and other techniques (NMR cytophotometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy and synchrotron radiation SAXS and nano-CT) described. - Covers both theory and applications of small angle X-ray and neutron scattering as related to geomaterials - Provides context for using the techniques described in the book in connection with other well-known techniques - Includes analysis methods of interactions between pore structures and fluid behaviors in geomaterials
Download or read book Neutrons X Rays and Gamma Rays written by Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1993 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Compositional Analysis written by Janice L. Bishop and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive overview of the spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used in planetary remote sensing.
Download or read book Complementarity Between Neutron And Synchrotron X ray Scattering Proceedings Of The Sixth Summer School Of Neutron Scattering written by Albert Furrer and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-12-30 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and manipulating the properties of materials naturally occurring in our world and artificially produced by modern technologies requires detailed information on their properties on the atomic scale. This information is the basis for any kind of research in physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, metallurgy, and ceramics. Among the various experimental methods, neutron and photon scattering have become the key techniques of choice.This book provides an overview of the complementarity between neutron and synchrotron x-ray scattering. The most important topics are covered, including structure determination, magnetic correlations, polymer dynamics, thin films and multilayers, photoemission studies, etc; they are thoroughly introduced and discussed by experts from both the experimental and the theoretical side.
Download or read book Radioactivity Introduction and History written by Michael F. L'Annunziata and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-08-23 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioactivity: Introduction and History provides an introduction to radioactivity from natural and artificial sources on earth and radiation of cosmic origins. This book answers many questions for the student, teacher, and practitioner as to the origins, properties, detection and measurement, and applications of radioactivity. Written at a level that most students and teachers can appreciate, it includes many calculations that students and teachers may use in class work. Radioactivity: Introduction and History also serves as a refresher for experienced practitioners who use radioactive sources in his or her field of work. Also included are historical accounts of the lives and major achievements of many famous pioneers and Nobel Laureates who have contributed to our knowledge of the science of radioactivity.* Provides entry-level overview of every form of radioactivity including natural and artificial sources, and radiation of cosmic origin.* Includes many solved problems to practical questions concerning nuclear radiation and its interaction with matter * Historical accounts of the major achievements of pioneers and Nobel Laureates, who have contributed to our current knowledge of radioactivity
Download or read book Report on Measurements at Ohio University to Estimate Backgrounds for Neutron Radiography in the 10 14 MeV Region written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In evaluating the feasibility of neutron radiography and tomography in the 10-14 MeV region, it is important to estimate the radiation backgrounds that could potentially interfere with the measurements. In this context, backgrounds refer to all counts in the detector other than those due to neutrons transmitted through the sample without scattering. There are two principal sources of backgrounds: (1) neutrons and gammas resulting from incident neutrons interacting in the sample, and (2) events in the detector arising from neutrons scattering in the accelerator vault and collimation system, together with natural and induced activation. Counts due to these backgrounds are spread fairly uniformly across the detector, and therefore do not compromise the ability to identify small features in the sample on the millimeter scale in a tomographic reconstruction; however, they do increase the neutron dose required to achieve sufficient statistical accuracy to reveal features of interest. Backgrounds are generally considered to be tolerable if their count rates are less than or comparable to the rates from the transmitted (uncollided) beam. If they are significantly above this level, they are a potentially serious problem. Understanding radiation backgrounds is thus critically important in determining the required source strength and running time. The backgrounds must be characterized by their energy, radiation type (neutron or gamma), and their timing relative to emission time at the source. These properties may have a profound effect on the design of the source and detector (e.g., whether a pulsing-and-timing technique is necessary to reduce backgrounds, and whether a simple plastic-scintillator based integrating detector will suffice). In the geometry that we have chosen to study, the sample is located approximately two meters from the neutron source, and the detector (a plastic-scintillator neutron-imaging camera; Ref. 1) is located another two meters downstream. A thick shielding wall with a collimating channel approximately 30 cm in diameter is located between the sample and detector to reduce room-scattered backgrounds. We have studied the first source of background (''internal'' or ''sample'' scattering) in this geometry using the COG Monte Carlo radiation transport code, and have found that these backgrounds should be tolerable (the effect of internal scattering should, in fact, be minimized in a system geometry with 2:1 magnification). The second type of background (''external'' or ''room'' scattering and activation) is more difficult to study with a simulation code because these backgrounds are dependent on specific details of a facility that are difficult to know a priori. We have therefore carried out a measurement of these backgrounds in an existing facility, the Ohio University Accelerator Laboratory (OUAL), whose layout closely resembles the system geometry we envisage using for neutron radiography. These measurements were carried out in February, 1996. The results of this experiment indicate that room-scattering and residual activation backgrounds are low enough to allow the use of an integrating plastic-scintillator-based detector in radiographic applications. It appears that neither time gating nor neutron/gamma discrimination will be necessary to obtain satisfactory images. This results in a significant simplification of the requirements for both the neutron source and the detector; however, it is clear that the detector must be placed in a sufficiently well isolated detector cave, and attention must be paid to optimizing the shielding in the neighborhood of the detector. While these measurements were carried out with 10 MeV neutrons from the D+D reaction, it is likely that the results would be similar for 14 MeV neutrons from a D+T source. We currently favor a D+D source for a practical facility, largely because there is no need for handling tritium with this source.
Download or read book Neutron Radiography 3 written by Shigenori Fujine and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-07-31 with total page 1046 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Third World Conference held in Osaka, Japan, May 14-18, 1989
Download or read book X Ray and Neutron Reflectivity Principles and Applications written by Jean Daillant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reflection of and neutrons from surfaces has existed as an x-rays exp- imental for almost it is in the last technique fifty Nevertheless, only years. decade that these methods have become as of enormously popular probes This the surfaces and interfaces. to be due to of several appears convergence of intense different circumstances. These include the more n- availability be measured orders tron and sources that can over (so reflectivity x-ray many of and the much weaker surface diffuse can now also be magnitude scattering of thin films and studied in some the detail); growing importance multil- basic the realization of the ers in both and technology research; important which in the of surfaces and and role roughness plays properties interfaces; the of statistical models to characterize the of finally development topology its and its characterization from on roughness, dependence growth processes The of and to surface scattering experiments. ability x-rays neutro4s study four five orders of in scale of surfaces over to magnitude length regardless their and also their to ability probe environment, temperature, pressure, etc. , makes these the choice for buried interfaces often probes preferred obtaining information about the microstructure of often in statistical a global surfaces, the local This is manner to complementary imaging microscopy techniques, of such studies in the literature witnessed the veritable by explosion published the last few Thus these lectures will useful for over a resource years.
Download or read book Advanced Tomographic Methods in Materials Research and Engineering written by John Banhart and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-20 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tomography provides 3D images of materials or engineering components and an unprecedented insight into their internal structure. This book discusses developments in the field, such as the extension of tomographic methods to materials research and engineering.
Download or read book Soft Matter Characterization written by Redouane Borsali and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-28 with total page 1490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.
